Opsiphanes merianae Stichel, 1902

Piovesan, Mônica, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, 2022, Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach, Zootaxa 5216 (1), pp. 1-278 : 209

Opsiphanes merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest.

( Figs 192–205 )

Diagnosis. Opsiphanes merianae stat. rest. and Opsiphanes fabricii are nearly indistinguishable based on their external morphology ( Figs 192a , 193c ), and are differentiated by their genitalia. While in the male of Opsiphanes merianae stat. rest. the anterior margin of the tegumen in dorsal view has a slight median concavity, in Opsiphanes fabricii the tegumen has an anteriorly projected margin. The female of Opsiphanes merianae stat. rest. has two parallel signa, while Opsiphanes fabricii has a C-shaped signum. Opsiphanes merianae stat. rest. is closely related to Opsiphanes fabricii , Opsiphanes jacobsorum , and Opsiphanes periphetes stat. nov. (genetic distance 1.2–1.9%, 1.2–1.6%, and 1.1–2.8%, respectively), and is not sympatric with any of them.

Male genitalia. Tegumen in dorsal view with anterior margin with a slight concavity in the median region and as wide as the posterior margin; anterior projection of saccus in lateral view twice as long as dorsal arms of saccus; fultura inferior wider in the median portion ( Fig. 199 ).

Female genitalia. Lamella antevaginalis membranous medially and sclerotized laterally; lamella postvaginalis rounded medially; ostium membranous; initial portion of the ductus bursae sclerotized; corpus bursae longer than the ductus bursae, bearing two parallel signa ( Fig. 200 ).

Variation. Subspecies vary in the following characters: DFW, the width of the band in the discal cell, and in the recesses of the anterior and posterior margins of this band; and the width and length of the oblique band. DHW, near the distal margin of the humeral cell, with or without a spot of variable length that sometimes reaches and merges with the submarginal band. VFW, the width and length of the oblique band. VHW, the size and shape of the eyespot between Sc+R 1 and M 1, and the width of its dark-brown ring; the size and shape of the eyespot between M 3 and CuA 2; zigzag EIII submarginal line is not always evident ( Figs 192–198 ).

Figures

FIGURE 192. Opsiphanes merianae merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest.: Male, dorsal and ventral views: Trinidad and Tobago: a. (FLMNH MGCL 1107078-MGCL); Venezuela: b. (FLMNH MGCL 1107083-MGCL) Isla Margarita, c. (DZ 41.636-DZUP), d. (DZ 41.638-DZUP) Monagas, e. (DZ 41.629-DZUP), f. (DZ 41.628-DZUP) Aragua. White arrows indicate diagnostic characters of the species.

FIGURE 193. Opsiphanes merianae merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest.: Male, dorsal and ventral views: Venezuela: a. (US- NMENT01590165-USNM) Isla Margarita; Guyana: b. (AMNH_IZC 00352792-AMNH). Female, dorsal and ventral views: Trinidad and Tobago: c. (FLMNH MGCL 1092707-MGCL), d. (FLMNH MGCL 1092706-MGCL). White arrows indicate diagnostic characters of the species.

FIGURE 194. Opsiphanes merianae merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest.: Female, dorsal and ventral views: a. Guyana: (AMNH_ IZC 00352791-AMNH); b. Colombia: (DZ 41.605-DZUP; CMBUT1295-19) Meta.

FIGURE 195. Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.: Male, dorsal and ventral views: Peru: a. (DZ 41.652- DZUP; CMBUT1180-19), b. (DZ 41.653-DZUP; CMBUT1181-19) Madre de Dios, c. (OM 18.586-DZUP—OM) Rio Perené, d. (DZ 41.651-DZUP) Cusco.

FIGURE 196. Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.: Male, dorsal and ventral views: Bolivia: a. (DZ 41.671- DZUP; CMBUT1183-19) Todos os Santos, b. (USNMENT01590161-USNM) Rio Zongo; Brazil: c. (DZ 41.695-DZUP), d. (DZ 41.690-DZUP) Pará.

FIGURE 197. Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.: Female, dorsal and ventral views: Brazil: a. (DZ 41.688- DZUP), b. Pará (DZ 41.698-DZUP).

FIGURE 198. Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.: Female, dorsal and ventral views: a. Brazil: (AMNH_ IZC 00352801-AMNH) Pará; b. Bolivia: (USNMENT01590162-USNM) Rio Zongo.

FIGURE 199. Opsiphanes merianae merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest.: Male: a. abdomen, lateral view, b. detail of the scent organ, lateral view; genitalia: c. dorsal view, d. ventral view, e. lateral view; aedeagus: f. dorsal view, g. ventral view, h. lateral view (DZ 41.621-DZUP).

FIGURE 200. Opsiphanes merianae merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest.: Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of the signa; c. ventral view (DZ 41.641-DZUP).

FIGURE 201. Geographical distribution of Opsiphanes merianae merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest. and Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.

FIGURE 202. Opsiphanes merianae merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest. Lectotype of Opsiphanes merianae merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest.; a. dorsal view, b. ventral view.

FIGURE 203. Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov. Lectotype of Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.; a. dorsal view, b. ventral view.

FIGURE 204. Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov. Holotype of Opsiphanes cassina milesi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov.; a. dorsal view, b. ventral view.

FIGURE 205. Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov. Paratype of Opsiphanes cassina milesi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov.; a. dorsal view, b. ventral view.