Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881

Piovesan, Mônica, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, 2022, Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach, Zootaxa 5216 (1), pp. 1-278 : 138-146

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5216.1.1
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scientific name	Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881
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Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 View in CoL stat. rest.

( Figs 123–133 View FIGURE 123 View FIGURE 124 View FIGURE 125 View FIGURE 126 View FIGURE 127 View FIGURE 128 View FIGURE 129 View FIGURE 130 View FIGURE 131 View FIGURE 132 View FIGURE 133 )

Caligo sallei [misidentification]; Boisduval, 1870. Cons. Lép. env. Guatemala, p. 55;

Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 View in CoL . Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 1 (12), p. 128; male, female, Polochic Valley, [Alta Verapaz], Guatemala, Hague [leg.], Chontales, Nicaragua, Belt [leg.], Chiriquí, and Calobre, [Veraguas], Panama, Arcé [leg.].— Aurivillius, 1882. Kongl. Svenska Akad. Handl. 19 (5): 76.—Godman, 1901, in Godman & Salvin. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 2 (164), p. 665. — Stichel, 1907. Soc. ent. 22 (13): 99.— Fruhstorfer, 1912, in Seitz. GrossSchmett. Erde 5, p. 298, 304.— Campos, 1921. Rev. Col. Nac. V. Rocafuerte, Guayaquil, 4: 31.— Campos, 1927. Rev. Col. Nac. V. Rocafuerte, Guayaquil, 9 (27–28): 46.— Blandin, 1977. Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup., Paris, 9: 163, 173, 174, 178, 185, 206; biogeogr.

Opsiphanes quiteria var. quirinus: Staudinger, 1887 View in CoL , in Staudinger & Schatz. Exot. Schmett. 1 (18), p. 213.

Opsiphanes quiteria quirinus: Stichel, 1902 View in CoL . Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 (4): 512, 524.— Stichel, 1904, in Wytsman. Gen. Ins. 20, p. 20.—Fruhstorfer, 1907. Int. ent. Ztschr. 1 (5): 30.— Stichel, 1909. Das Tierreich 25: 75, 77.— Stichel, 1932. Lep. Cat. 51, p. 41.— Blandin & Descimon, 1975. Ann. Soc. ent. France 11 (1): 9, 25.— Young, 1977. Dtsch. ent. Ztschr. 24: 353; biol., ecol.—Cubero, 1985. Jour. Lep. Soc. 39 (1): 33–42; biol., ecol., host plant.—Boos, 1986. Living World 1985-1986: 32.— D’Abrera, 1987. Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3, p. 410.— DeVries, 1987. Butt. Costa Rica, p. 251, pl. 42, figs 7 (male d), 10 (female v); biol., ecol.—R. F. de la Maza R., 1987. Marip. Mexicanas, p. 96, pl. 26, fig. 1 (male d).—R. G. de la Maza E. et al., 1989. Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. 12 (2): 61.— Bristow, 1991. Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 101 (3): 242, 250, 285, figs 16a (male d, v), 17b (female d, v).—Luis-Martínez et al., 1991. Publ. esp. Mus. Zool., Mexico, 3: 92.—Raguso & LlorenteBousquets, 1991. Jour. Res. Lep. 29: 132.—R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E., 1993. Marip. Chiapas, p. 146 (fig. female v), 183.—Maes, 1999. Cat. Ins. Art. Terr. Nicaragua 3, p. 1387; biol., ecol.— Penz et al., 1999. Jour. Lep. Soc. 53 (4): 150; host plant.—Andrade, 2002, in Costa et al. Monogr. Terc. Milenio, Zaragoza, 2: 162.— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini View in CoL , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A, p. 204.—Salinas-Gutiérrez et al., 2004. Jour. Lep. Soc. 58 (3): 136.— Vargas-Fernández et al., 2008. Nymph. Mexico 2, p. 63, 186, pl. 20, figs 4, 5 (male d, v), 6 (female d).—Hernández-Baz et al., 2010. Marip. Veracruz, p. 95, pl. 46 (male d, v).— Chacón et al., 2012. Bull. Allyn Mus. 166: 2.—J. Miller et al., 2012. Insecta Mundi View in CoL 205: 57.—J. de la Maza E. & R. G. de la Maza E., 2015, in Carabias, J. de la Maza E. & Cadena (eds.). Conserv. Desarr. sust. Selva Lacandona, p. 639.— Neves & Paluch, 2016. Neotrop. Ent. 45 (1): 13, 18; cit.—Shirai et al., 2017. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 110 (2): 149, 155; biol., phylog.

Opsiphanes quiteria panamensis DeVries, 1987 . Butt. Costa Rica, pl. 42, figs 8 (male v), 9 (female d) nom. nud. (ICZN, Art. 11.6—as synonym of Opsiphanes quiteria quirinus View in CoL ).

Opsiphanes quiteria View in CoL subsp.; D’Abrera, 1987 (Bristow Ms). Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3, p. 417 (fig. female d); Panama.

Opsiphanes quiteria talamancensis Bristow, 1991 . Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 101 (3): 242, 251, figs 16b (male d, v), 17f (female d, v); holotype female, Chiriquí, Panama; NHMUK.— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini View in CoL , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A, p. 204. Syn. nov.

Opsiphanes quiteria View in CoL [misidentification]; Peña et al., 2006. Mol. Phyl. Evol. 40 (1): 34, 39; phylog.— Chacón & Montero, 2007. Marip. Costa Rica, pl. 172 (fig. larva d); biol.—Glassberg, 2007. Swift Guide Butt. Mexico and C. America (1 st ed.), p. 133 (figs male, female d, v).— Penz et al., 2011. Zootaxa 2897: 2, 7, 16.—Glassberg, 2018. Swift Guide Butt. Mexico and C. America (2 nd ed.), p. 153 (figs male, female d, v).

Taxonomic history. Boisduval (1870) recorded Caligo sallei occurring in Mexico and Honduras. He was probably referring to Opsiphanes quirinus View in CoL stat. rest., as this is the only species with HW with a crenulated outer margin (“ailes postérieure, qui sont fortement dentées”) that occurs in these locations. Opsiphanes quirinus View in CoL stat. rest. was described and treated as such by different authors over time. Staudinger (1887) proposed a new combination: Opsiphanes quiteria var. quirinus View in CoL . Stichel (1902) considered Opsiphanes quirinus View in CoL stat. rest. as a subspecies of Opsiphanes quiteria View in CoL . It is likely that the records of Campos (1921, 1927) refer to Opsiphanes badius angostura stat. nov. Blandin (1977) suggested splitting Opsiphanes quirinus View in CoL stat. rest. from Opsiphanes quiteria View in CoL . However, since then authors have maintained Opsiphanes quirinus View in CoL stat. rest. as a subspecies of Opsiphanes quiteria View in CoL .

Type material. Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 was described based on an unknown number of males and females from Polochic Valley, [Alta Verapaz], Guatemala, Hague [leg.], Chontales, Nicaragua, Belt [leg.], Chiriquí and Calobre [Veraguas], Panama, Arcé [leg.]. Bristow (1991) mentioned, without providing a reason, that the holotype is a female from Nicaragua. This specimen is deposited at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Type H. T./ LECTOTYPE / B.M. Type No. Rh6102 Opsiphanes quirinus , ♀. G.&S./ O. quirinus type. ♀./ Chontales, Nicaragua. T. Belt./ ♀ / B.C.A. Lep. Rhop. Opsiphanes quirinus G. & S. Godman-Salvin Coll. 1919.-6./. In fact, this specimen is not the holotype, but a syntype that is hereby designated as the lectotype in order to stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, and the following label will also be attached: / Lectotypus Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 , Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2022/. In the same collection, a male was found with the following labels: / Type H. T./ PARALECTOTYPE / B.M. Type No. Rh6101 Opsiphanes quirinus , ♂ G.&S./ O. quirinus type. ♂./ Chontales, Nicaragua. T. Belt./ ♂ / B.C.A. Lep. Rhop. Opsiphanes quirinus G. & S. Godman-Salvin Coll. 1919.-6./. In fact, this specimen is another syntype that is now a paralectotype, and the following labels will also be attached: / PARALECTOTYPUS / Paralectotypus Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 , Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2022/.

Opsiphanes quiteria talamancensis Bristow, 1991 was described based on the holotype female, illustrated by D’Abrera (1987) and Bristow (1991), deposited at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Holotype / Chiriqui ex Rolle./ Ex Coll. Herbert Druce. 1913./ quiteria panamensis [crossed out with pencil and written above] talamancaensis [sic] Bristow/. One of the paratypes has the following labels: / PARATYPE / V. de Chiriqui, 3–4000 ft. Champion./ quiteria panamensis [crossed out with pencil and written above] talamancaensis [sic] Bristow/ ♂ / B.C.A. Lep. Rhop. Opsiphanes quirinus , G. & S. Godman-Salvin Coll. 1919.-6./.

Diagnosis. The male of Opsiphanes quirinus stat. rest. has the DFW with a yellow or orange oblique band, at least twice as wide as the band of the male of Opsiphanes badius stat. rest., reaching CuA 2 -2A ( Fig. 123a View FIGURE 123 ). The male of Opsiphanes quirinus stat. rest. has the DFW oblique band with an irregular distal margin, and the portion of this band on CuA 2 -2A is usually narrower than in Opsiphanes quiteria ; although these characters are not marked, the two species are geographically separate. No significant differences were found between the females of Opsiphanes quirinus stat. rest. and Opsiphanes badius stat. rest., except in genetic distance and geographic distribution. The female of Opsiphanes quirinus stat. rest. is also similar to the female of Opsiphanes quiteria quirinalis , but differs from Opsiphanes quiteria quirinalis in the DHW rusty red color in the postdiscal region, between M 2 and CuA 2 ( Fig. 126a View FIGURE 126 ). Molecular analyses recovered Opsiphanes quirinus stat. rest. as closely related to Opsiphanes badius stat. rest. and Opsiphanes quiteria ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ) (genetic distance 1.6–2.4% and 1.4–2.1%, respectively).

Male genitalia. Tegumen in dorsal view with anterior margin practically straight and wider than the posterior margin; anterior projection of saccus in lateral view less than twice as long as dorsal arms of saccus; fultura inferior enlarged in the median portion ( Fig. 127 View FIGURE 127 ).

Female genitalia. Lamella antevaginalis with median portion membranous, weakly sclerotized at some points, and laterally sclerotized; lamella postvaginalis similar to an elongated hexagon, narrower than the ostium; ostium membranous; corpus bursae with two dense parallel signa ( Fig. 128 View FIGURE 128 ).

Variation. FW length: male: 42–47 mm (n=6), female: 54–57 mm (n=4). DFW, the width, length, and color of the oblique band. VFW, the width and color of the oblique band. VHW, the size of the eyespot between Sc+R 1 and M 1, and the width of its dark-brown ring; the size and shape of the eyespot between M 3 and CuA 2; and the postdiscal region with or without small light-brown spots between M 1 and CuA 1 ( Figs 123–126 View FIGURE 123 View FIGURE 124 View FIGURE 125 View FIGURE 126 ).

Comments. After examination of the type material ( Figs 130–133 View FIGURE 130 View FIGURE 131 View FIGURE 132 View FIGURE 133 ) and considering the variation in the width and color of the DFW oblique band of the males and females examined, no characters were found to justify Opsiphanes quiteria talamancensis Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. as a subspecies.

Natural history. Details of the development, from egg to pupa, can be found in Young (1977). Flies in humid forests ( DeVries 1987).

Host plants: Arecaceae : Chrysalidocarpus lutescens H. Wendl. , Geonoma sp. , Prestoea allenii H. E. Moore ( Penz et al. 1999) , Cocos nucifera L. ( Young 1977; Penz et al. 1999).

Geographic distribution. Mexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz, Chiapas) ; Belize (Toledo, Stann Creek) ; Guatemala (El Petén, Alta Verapaz) ; Honduras (Atlántida, Cayo) ; El Salvador (Ahuachapán) ; Nicaragua (Chontales) ; Costa Rica (Guanacaste, Alajuela, Heredia, Puntarenas) ; Panama (Chiriquí) ( Fig. 129 View FIGURE 129 ). It occurs at altitudes between 500 and 1,800 m ( DeVries 1987) .

Temporal distribution. Throughout the year.

Etymology. Unknown.

Specimens examined. Photos of the lectotypus and paralectotypus of Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 stat. rest.; holotypus and paratypus of Opsiphanes quiteria talamancensis Bristow, 1991 syn. nov., and the following specimens: MEXICO: Oaxaca —no locality (Rancho San Carlos), VIII-1968, 1 male, P. Hubbell leg., AMNH_IZC 00197477 (AMNH); Sierra de Juárez (La Esperanza) , 25-VII–10-VIII-1977, 1 male, Natives leg., UF- FLMNH MGCL 1103468 (MGCL); San Felipe Jalapa de Díaz, VIII-1953, 1 female, T. Escalante leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103580 (MGCL); Santiago Comaltepec (Soyolapán el Bajo), 200 m, 12-VII-1961, 1 female, Welling leg., AMNH_IZC 00197478 (AMNH); San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional (Rancho Ojoche), 13-VI-1982, 1 female, 13- VI-1982, 1 male, L. González leg., DZ 42.561, 42.562 (DZUP); San José Chiltepec, 22-VIII-1973, 1 female, Welling leg., DZ 42.842 (DZUP), 20 m, 4-X-1961, 1 male, Welling leg., AMNH_IZC 00197472 (AMNH); Tuxtepec, X-1968, 4 males, A. Díaz-Francés leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103469–1103472 (MGCL); Santa María Chimalapa , IX-1965, 3 males, Tangerini leg., DZ 42.564 –42.566 (DZUP), IX-1965, 1 female, Welling leg., DZ 42.841 (DZUP), IX-1956, 1 male, T. Escalante leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103467 (MGCL). Veracruz —no locality, V-1936, 2 females, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103579, 1103581 (MGCL), V-1935, 1 male, 1 female, Toro leg., ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00197475, 00197479 (AMNH); Presidio, VI-1947, 1 male, VIII-1950, 1 female, VIII-1951, 1 male, T. Escalante leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103477, 1103478, 1103577 (MGCL); ( Sierra de Tezonapa ), 1 female, C. C. Hoffmann leg., AMNH_IZC 00197480 (AMNH); Catemaco, 5-VII-1975, 1 male, D. W. Jenkins leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103473 (MGCL), VI-1956, 1 male, IX-1956, 1 male, T. Escalante leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103475, 1103476 (MGCL), 1 female, R. Wind leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103578 (MGCL); (Lago de Catemaco), 350 m, 28-VII-1986, 1 male, K. Wolfe & M. Valverde leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103474 (MGCL). Chiapas —no locality, 3 males, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00197473, 00197474, 00197476 (AMNH); Motozintla (San Jerónimo), 600 m, 22-VIII-1979, 1 female, Welling leg., DZ 42.858 (DZUP), (Musté), 7-X-1968, 1 male, Welling leg., DZ 42.543 (DZUP); Boca del Chajul, 2-IX-1995, 2 females, 2 males, DZ 42.539 –42.542 (DZUP). BELIZE: Toledo — Barranco (3 km NW), 17-VII-2005, 1 female, J. Shuey leg., DZ 42.567 (DZUP); Stann Creek —Cockscomb Basin Forest Reserve, 9-VII-2005, 1 male, J. Shuey & P. Labus leg., DZ 42.568 (DZUP). GUATEMALA: no data, 1 male, USNMENT01590315 (USNM). El Petén —Parque Nacional Tikal, 1-VII-1992, 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103479 (MGCL), 14-VII-1993, 2 males, 8-IX-1993, 1 male, Ivo leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103480, 1103582, 1092340 (MGCL), Sayaxché, 19-IX-1963, 1 male, 16-IX-1963, 1 female, Welling leg., AMNH_IZC 00197481, 00197482 (AMNH). Alta Verapaz — San Cristóbal Verapaz (Baleu), 1,350 m, 16-VIII-1966, 1 female, Welling leg., AMNH_IZC 00197483 (AMNH). HONDURAS: no data, 1 male, ex-coll. E. T. Owen, USNMENT01590316 (USNM). Cerro Santa Bárbara , 1,100 m, 28-XI-1962, 1 male, R. Monroe leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103482 (MGCL). Atlántida — La Ceiba (18 km W), 28-IV-1979, 1 male, 18-IV-1980, 1 female, R. Lehman leg., USNMENT01590317, 01590318 (USNM). Cayo —Sibun Camp, 28-VII-1960, 1 male, Welling leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 42.538 (DZUP). EL SALVADOR: no data, 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103484 (MGCL). Ahuachapán — Finca del Refugio, III- 2005, 1 male, 1 female, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103483, 1103583 (MGCL). COSTA RICA: Guanacaste —Hojancha (Puerto Carillo), 1 female, USNMENT01590437 (USNM). Área de Conservación Guanacaste, 10.7624, -85.3368, 750 m, 23-IX-2016, 1 female, E. Cantillano leg., USNMENT01590776 (USNM), (Canyon Río Mena ), 11.99616, - 85.45562, 560 m, 25-III-2008, 1 female, R. Moraga leg., USNMENT01590415 (USNM), (Testigo), 10.93663, - 85.46685, 1,140 m, 24-VI-1997, 1 female, R. Franco leg., USNMENT01590355 (USNM), (Casona Orosi), 10.95045, -85.54173, 310 m, 5-XI-1994, 1 female, gusaneros leg., USNMENT01590357 (USNM), (Cuesta Caimito), 10.8908, -85.47192, 640 m, 10-IX-2006, 1 male, 9-XI-2005, 1 female, H. Ramírez leg., USNMENT01590324, 01590416 (USNM), 7-V-2008, 1 male, D. García leg., USNMENT01590387 (USNM), (Estación Cacao), 10.9269, -85.4682, 1,150 m, 13-X-2014, 1 female, H. Ramírez leg., USNMENT01590794 (USNM), (Estación Góngora ), 10.887, -85.47443, 570 m, 15-XI-1995, 2 males, gusaneros leg., USNMENT01590333, 01590345 (USNM), (Estación Pitilla), 10.98931, -85.42581, 675 m, 18-IX-2008, 1 male, P. Ríos leg., USNMENT01590369 (USNM), (Loaiciga), 11.01983, -85.41342, 445 m, 29-I-2008, 1 female, M. Ríos leg., USNMENT01590422 (USNM), (Sendero Manguera), 10.9959, -85.39842, 470 m, 9-X-2008, 1 male, L. Siezar leg., USNMENT01590373 (USNM), (Pasmompa), 11.01926, -85.40997, 440 m, 2-XII-2000, 1 female, R. Moraga leg., USNMENT01590362 (USNM), 1 female, P. Ríos leg., USNMENT01590425 (USNM), (Portón Rivas), 10.75864, -85.37269, 570 m, 11-V-2007, 1 male, 2 females, J. Sánchez leg., USNMENT01590327, 01590396, 01590417 (USNM), 10.75864, -85.37269, 570 m, 1-VI-2008, 2 males, 3-VIII-2008, 2 females, 7-VIII-2007, 1 female, I– VI-2008, 1 female, 19-V-2008, 1 female, J. Cortez leg., USNMENT01590381, 01590383 01590403, 01590404, 01590410, 01590423, 01590424 (USNM), (Quebrada Raíz), 11.02865, -85.48669, 280 m, 11-XI-2008, 1 female, 19-XI-2008, 1 female, R. Moraga leg., USN- MENT01590414, 01590431 (USNM), (Quebrada Serrano), 11.00025, -85.45614, 580 m, 7-XII-2000, 1 male, R. Moraga leg., USNMENT01590339 (USNM), 23-V-2002, 1 male, R. Franco leg., USNMENT01590372 (USNM), (Rancho Harold), 10.90475, -85.46803, 820 m, 1-III-2005, 1 female, M. Pereira leg., USNMENT01590413 (USNM), ( San Antonio ), 11.03527, -85.44528, 335 m, 22-I-2009, 1 male, L. Ríos leg., USNMENT01590392 (USNM), (Sector Pailas), 10.7625, -85.3369, 750 m, 19-XI-2015, 1 male, E. Cantillano leg., USNMENT01590796 (USNM), (Sendero Aguacate), 10.76901, -85.43465, 335 m, 2-XII-2006, 1 male, M. Pereira leg., USN- MENT01590393 (USNM), (Sendero Arenales), 10.92471, -85.46738, 1,080 m, 13-VI-2002, 1 male, H. Ramírez leg., USNMENT01590330 (USNM), (Sendero Bejuquilla), 11.03004, -85.52699, 280 m, 18-XII-2000, 1 female, L. Ríos leg., USNMENT01590364 (USNM), (Sendero Derrumbe), 11.92918, -85.46426, 1,220 m, 22-XII-2006, 1 male, H. Ramírez leg., USNMENT01590320 (USNM), 19-V-2004, 1 male, M. Pereira leg., USNMENT01590329 (USNM), (Sendero Nacho), 10.98445, -85.42481, 710 m, 6-V-2008, 1 male, C. Moraga leg., USNMENT01590382 (USNM), (Sendero Laguna ), 10.9888, -85.4234, 680 m, 27-IV-2015, 1 female, C. Moraga leg., USNMENT01590814 (USNM), (Sendero Orosi), 10.99371, -85.46392, 620 m, 29-I-2002, 1 male, M. Pereira leg., USNMENT01590331 (USNM), 21-II-2003, 1 male, L. Ríos leg., USNMENT01590342 (USNM), (Sendero Nayo), 10.92446, -85.46953, 1,090 m, 30-XI-2011, 1 male, H. Ramírez leg., USNMENT01590349 (USNM), (Sendero Naciente), 10.98705, - 85.42816, 700 m, 14-I-2008, 1 female, W. Alegría leg., USNMENT01590405 (USNM), (Sendero Pajarito), 10.88989, -85.47427, 600 m, 5-IX-1996, 1 male, gusaneros leg., USNMENT01590347 (USNM), (Sendero Palmas), 10.89641, -85.4737, 675 m, 9-XI-2004, 1 female, M. Pereira leg., USNMENT01590427 (USNM), (Sendero Orosilito), 10.9833, -85.4362, 900 m, 19-I-2016, 1 female, M. Ríos leg., USNMENT01590793 (USNM), (Sendero Pelton), 10.76433, -85.3018, 860 m, 27-XII-2015, 1 female, E. Cantillano leg., USNMENT01590795 (USNM), (Sendero Rótulo), 11.01355, -85.42406, 510 m, 8-V-2007, 1 male, P. Ríos leg., USNMENT01590321 (USNM), (Sendero Salto), 10.93016, -85.46943, 1,000 m, 4-X-1998, 1 female, M. Pereira leg., USNMENT01590356 (USNM), ( Sendero Ponderosa ), 10.9146, -85.46262, 1,060 m, 15-I-2004, 1 male, 10-I-2012, 1 male, 3-XII-2003, 1 female, M. Pereira leg., USNMENT01590325, 01590350, 01590351 (USNM), 10.9146, -85.46262, 1,060 m, 6-V-2005, 1 male, 15-II-2005, 1 female, H. Ramírez leg., USNMENT01590328, 01590397 (USNM), 16-V-2003, 1 female, F. Quesada leg., USNMENT01590354 (USNM), (Sendero Toma Agua), 10.92847, -85.4668, 1,140 m, 10-VI-2003, 2 males, 19-I-2004, 2 females, H. Ramírez leg., USNMENT01590322, 01590323, 01590352, 01590398 (USNM), 19-I-2004, 1 male, 10-VIII-2008, 1 male, M. Pereira leg., USNMENT01590326, 01590332 (USNM), (Tajo Ángeles), 10.86472, -85.41531, 540 m, 9-VII-2008, 1 male, 20-IV-2007, 1 female, G. Sihezar leg., USNMENT01590371, 01590400 (USNM), 8-V-2007, 1 male, C. Cano leg., USNMENT01590370 (USNM), 9-VII-2008, 1 male, 10-VI- 2008, 1 male, 21-II-2008, 1 female, 23-IX-2008, 1 female, E. Araya leg., USNMENT01590376, 01590384, 01590407, 01590419 (USNM), (Tangelo), 11.01823, -85.45024, 410 m, 15-I-2009, 1 male, 10-IV-2009, 1 male, R. Moraga leg., USNMENT01590386, 01590391 (USNM), (Vado Agria), 10.7588, -85.3754, 560 m, 15-VI-2017, 1 male, E. Cantillano leg., USNMENT01590777 (USNM), (Vado Chepón), 10.77816, -85.41629, 440 m, 28-I-2008, 1 female, J. Sánchez leg., USNMENT01590394 (USNM), (Vado Chamaedorea ), 10.77638, -85.40024, 570 m, 27- IX-2008, 1 male, J. Cortez leg., USNMENT01590379 (USNM), 26-IV-2005, 1 male, 1 female, J. Sánchez leg., USNMENT01590389, 01590428 (USNM), (Vado Licania), 10.77222, -85.41225, 470 m, 19-VIII-2007, 4 females, 1 male, 29-VIII-2008, 3 females, J. Sánchez leg., USNMENT01590408, 01590409, 01590411, 01590418, 01590375, 01590402, 01590420, 01590432 (USNM). Alajuela —Área de Conservación Guanacaste (Cementerio Viejo), 10.88111, -85.38889, 570 m, 11-IV-2004, 1 female, N. Hernández leg., USNMENT01590359 (USNM), (Moga), 11.01227, -85.34929, 320 m, 28-II-2008, 1 male, 30-VII-2008, 1 female, D. Briceño leg., USNMENT01590368, 01590433 (USNM), (Jardín Estrada), 10.86546, -85.39694, 720 m, 1-XII-2008, 1 male, E. Araya leg., USN- MENT01590378 (USNM), (Jacobo), 10.9408, -85.3177, 460 m, 8-IX-2014, 1 male, F. Quesada leg., USN- MENT01590773 (USNM), ( Potrero Argentina ), 10.89021, -85.38803, 520 m, 19-II-2003, 1 female, 20-X-2008, 1 female, G. Sihezar leg., USNMENT01590412, 01590421 (USNM), 16-XII-2000, 1 female, F. Quesada leg., USN- MENT01590365 (USNM), 14-III-2003, 1 female, O. Espinoza leg., USNMENT01590366 (USNM), (Quebrada Cementerio), 10.87124, -85.38749, 700 m, 13-I-1999, 1 male, 10-VII-1998, 1 male, 2 females, O. Espinoza leg., USNMENT01590335, 01590341, 01590358, 01590344 (USNM), 9-VIII-1998, 1 female, G. Sihezar leg., USN- MENT01590363 (USNM), (Quebrada Escondida), 10.89928, -85.27486, 420 m, 6-X-2008, 2 males, A. Córdoba leg., USNMENT01590377, 01590380 (USNM), ( Río Blanco Abajo ), 10.90037, -85.37254, 500 m, 27-VII-2005, 1 female, M. Carmona leg., USNMENT01590429 (USNM), 19-I-2009, 1 male, P. Butterill leg., USNMENT01590390 (USNM), (Sendero Carmona), 10.87621, -85.38632, 670 m, 25-VIII-2008, 1 female, E. Araya leg., USN- MENT01590406 (USNM), (Quebrada Garcia), 10.86069, -85.42558, 495 m, 8-III-2007, 1 female, E. Araya leg., USNMENT01590430 (USNM), (Sendero Juntas), 10.90661, -85.28784, 400 m, 21-I-2007, 1 male, M. Carmona leg., USNMENT01590388 (USNM), (Sendero Corredor), 10.87868, -85.38963, 620 m, 13-III-2007, 1 male, C. Cano leg., USNMENT01590385 (USNM), 14-X-1999, 1 female, F. Quesada leg., USNMENT01590353 (USNM), (Sendero Perdido), 10.8794, -85.38607, 620 m, 29-VI-2000, 1 male, 1 female, 16-V-2000, 1 male, F. Quesada leg., USNMENT01590336, 01590337, 01590367 (USNM), 19-IV-2000, 1 male, gusaneros leg., USNMENT01590338 (USNM), 27-VII-2007, 1 male, A. Córdoba leg., USNMENT01590374 (USNM), 28-IV-2004, 1 female, N. Hernández leg., USNMENT01590395 (USNM), 27-VII-2007, 1 female, E. Araya leg., USNMENT01590401 (USNM), 7-VI-2008, 1 female, C. Cano leg., USNMENT01590426 (USNM), ( Vochysia ), 10.86666, -85.24528, 320 m, 16-V- 2007, 1 female, J. Pérez leg., USNMENT01590399 (USNM), (Vado Río Cucaracho ), 10.8702, -85.39153, 640 m, 22-VI-1998, 1 male, 22-VI-1998, 1 male, 21-VII-1999, 1 male, G. Sihezar leg., USNMENT01590334, 01590340, 01590343 (USNM), 18-VI-1998, 1 male, O. Espinoza leg., USNMENT01590346 (USNM), (Sendero Pinyal), 10.87161, -85.39333, 630 m, 26-VII-1998, 1 male, 14-VII-1998, 1 female, G. Sihezar leg., USNMENT01590348, 01590360 (USNM). Heredia —Heredia ( Río Sarapiquí ), 700 m, 26-VI-1976, 1 female, G. B. Small leg., USN- MENT01590439 (USNM). Puntarenas —San Vito, 1,300 m, 18-IX-1978, 2 males, 20-IX-1977, 1 male, 4-IX-1977, 1 female, G. B. Small leg., USNMENT01590434, 01590435, 01590436, 01590438 (USNM). PANAMA no data, 1 male, ex-coll. E. T. Owen, USNMENT01590319 (USNM), 1 male, USNMENT01590448 (USNM); Chiriquí — Bugaba, 1 male, USNMENT01590447 (USNM); Tierras Altas (El Volcán), 29-II-1936, 1 male, F. E. Lutz leg., AMNH_IZC 00197484 (AMNH).