Ceratonereis longicirrata Perkins, 1980

Conde-Vela, Víctor Manuel, 2021, Revision of Ceratonereis Kinberg, 1865 recorded from the Caribbean Sea, with description of two new Ceratonereis species and a new combination of Platynereis Kinberg, 1865, Zootaxa 5026 (3), pp. 301-343 : 315-318

Ceratonereis longicirrata Perkins, 1980

Figures 9–10

Ceratonereis longicirrata Perkins, 1980: 26–32 , figs 11, 12. Hartmann-Schröder 1985: 42–43, fig. 22. Salazar-Vallejo & Jiménez-Cueto 1997: 363, figs 4, 19, 40, 41.

Type material. Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, United States. Holotype USNM 58740 , Hutchinson Island , Sta. Lucie County, Florida (27°19.1’N 80°13.2’W), 8.2 m depth, 12 December 1976, Coll. N Whiting.

Additional material. Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, United States. USNM 1490821 (5), S side of Tavernier Key, Florida Keys , Florida, July 1960, Coll . ML Jones. USNM 1490822 (1), Sta. 3A, Key Largo, Florida Keys ,

Florida, 19 November 1968, Coll. ME Rice. Caribbean Sea, Mexico. ECOSUR P3189 (2), Puente Las Coloradas , Yucatán (21°35’36.82”N 88° 3’21.75”W), on dark greenish sponges, in mangrove roots, 13 May 2009 , Col. S.I. Salazar-Vallejo, L.F. Carrera-Parra. ECOSUR P3190 (1), Puente Las Coloradas , Yucatán (21°35’36.82”N 88° 3’21.75”W), on algae in piles, 15 October, 2009 , Coll. S.I. Salazar-Vallejo, L.F. Carrera-Parra. ECOSUR P1111 (3), Laguna Nichupté , Quintana Roo (21°06’11.6”N 86°47’21.1”W), 5 July 1988 , Coll. S. Jiménez-Cueto. ECOSUR P1149 (2), Laguna Nichupté , Quintana Roo (21°05’11.5’’N 86°47’21’’W), 30 October 1987 , Coll. M.S. Jiménez- Cueto. ECOSUR P1155 (1), R / V Edwin Link, Sta. 2783 (18°42’N 87°41’W) Mahahual, Quintana Roo, 58.8 m depth, 24 August 1990 . ECOSUR P1159 (2), Mahahual , Quintana Roo (18°43’1’’N 87°42’23’’W), 1 October 1996 , Coll. S.I. Salazar-Vallejo, L.F. Carrera-Parra. ECOSUR P1161 (2), R / V Edwin Link, Sta. 2788 (18°51.74’N 87°37.38’W) Punta Changuay, Quintana Roo, 52.7 m depth, 26 August 1990 . ECOSUR P1162 (2), Laguna Nichupté , Quintana Roo (21°06’11.6”N 86°47’21.1”W), 30 October 1987 , Coll. M.S Jiménez-Cueto. ECOSUR P1163 (3), Laguna Nichupté , Quintana Roo (21°05’11.5’’N 86°47’21’’W), 30 October 1987 , Coll. M.S. Jiménez- Cueto. ECOSUR P1164 (1) Laguna Nichupté , Quintana Roo (21°06’11.6”N 86°47’21.1”W), 19 April 1988 , Coll. M.S. Jiménez-Cueto. ECOSUR P1165 (2), Laguna Nichupté , Quintana Roo (21°05’11.5’’N 86°47’21’’W), 30 October 1987 , Coll. M.S. Jiménez-Cueto. ECOSUR P1205 (1), Laguna Nichupté , Quintana Roo (21°05’11.5’’N 86°47’21’’W), 28 October 1987 , Coll. M.S. Jiménez-Cueto. ECOSUR P1207 (4), Playa Aventuras , Quintana Roo (20°29’50”N 87°13’53”W), 18 May 1986 , Coll. S.I. Salazar-Vallejo. ECOSUR P1217 (17), Punta Nizuc , Quintana Roo (21°02’5.51”N 86°47’43.02”W), 4 m depth, 1 September 1997 , Coll. L.F. Carrera-Parra, S.I. Salazar-Vallejo, M.A. Ruiz-Zárate. Jamaica. UMML 22.1148 (2), R / V Pillsbury, Cruise 7006, Sta. 1252 (17°09’N 78°57’W), W Pedro Bank, Jamaica, 26 m depth, 14 July 1970 .

Description. Atoke holotype (USNM 58740) complete, in two fragments, 20 mm long, 0.7 mm wide at chaetiger 10, 59 chaetigers ( Fig. 9B ). Non-type specimen (ECOSUR P1164) from Laguna Nichupté, Mexico, used for description to avoid further destruction of type material, in good incomplete, 14 mm long, 0.9 mm wide at chaetiger 10 excluding parapodia, 54 chaetigers.Another specimen (ECOSUR P3190) from Las Coloradas, Mexico, used to show pharynx ( Fig. 9E–F ), 26 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, 58 chaetigers. Non-type specimens most incomplete with tentacular and dorsal cirri missing.

Body pale whitish or pale, glandular masses or pigmentation not observed ( Fig. 9A–D ).

Prostomium as long as wide, subpentagonal, anterior margin deeply incised, dorsal groove present ( Fig. 9A, D ).

Antennae subulate, as long as prostomium, as long as palps ( Fig. 9A, D ).

Palpophores subcylindrical, as long as prostomium; tips of palpostyles rounded or pyriform ( Fig. 9F ).

Eyes rounded, subequal, in trapezoidal arrangement, blackish, as wide as basal diameter of antennae, lenses not visible, posterior pair not covered by achaetous ring ( Fig. 9A, D ).

Achaetous ring shorter than chaetiger 1, anterior margin convex ( Fig. 9A, D ).

Tentacular cirri smooth, posterodorsal cirri extending backwards to chaetigers 14–15 ( Fig. 9A, B, D ).

Pharynx examined by dissection in holotype, everted in non-type specimen. Jaws amber, 8 teeth (2 ensheathed) restricted to first two-thirds of cutting edge ( Fig. 10I ). Maxillary ring cylindrical, oral ring frustum-shaped, 3–4x longer and 1.2x wider than maxillary ring ( Fig. 9E, F ).

Maxillary ring: I= 0; IIa= 8 and IIb= 9 cones in arc; III= 9 cones in round; IVa= 14 and IVb= 18 cones in ellipse. Oral ring: V= 0; VIa-b= 1 rounded papilla ( Fig. 9E, F ); VII–VIII= 0. Ridge pattern of areas VI–V–VI, λ-shaped.

Paired oesophageal caeca absent.

Dorsal cirri filiform, progressively relatively longer; 3.5x longer than neuroacicular ligule in chaetiger 3, 7x longer in chaetiger 10, 6x longer in chaetiger 17, 6x longer in chaetiger 19, 7.3x longer in chaetiger 28, 10x longer in chaetiger 53, 6.4x longer in chaetiger 65 ( Fig. 10A–H ).

Dorsal ligule subulate, progressively shorter and becoming digitiform toward middle chaetigers, absent from chaetiger 20; 1.8x longer than neuroacicular ligule in chaetiger 3, 1.5x longer in chaetiger 10, 0.9x length of neuroacicular ligule in chaetiger 17, 0.2x length in chaetiger 19 ( Fig. 10A–H ).

Notopodial prechaetal lobe absent throughout ( Fig. 10A–H ).

Median ligule subconical or digitiform, progressively shorter toward posterior chaetigers; 1.4x longer than neuroacicular ligule in chaetiger 3, 1.1x longer in chaetiger 10, 0.8x length of neuroacicular ligule in chaetiger 17, 0.8x length in chaetiger 19, 0.9x length in chaetiger 28, 0.6x length in chaetiger 65 ( Fig. 10A–H ).

Neuroacicular ligule subconical throughout, progressively relatively longer toward posterior chaetigers. Neuropodial superior and inferior lobes absent ( Fig. 10A–H ).

Neuropodial postchaetal lobe lamelliform and shorter than neuroacicular ligules throughout, disappearing toward most posterior chaetigers ( Fig. 10A–H ).

Ventral ligule digitiform throughout, progressively shorter toward posterior chaetigers; 1.7x longer than neuroacicular ligule in chaetiger 2, 1.2x in chaetiger 3, 0.8x length of neuroacicular ligule in chaetiger 10, 0.7x length in chaetiger 17, 0.6x length in chaetiger 19, 0.3x length in chaetiger 28, 0.3x length in chaetiger 53, 0.2x length in chaetiger 65 ( Fig. 10A–H ).

Ventral cirrus filiform, not extending beyond tip of neuroacicular ligule; 2.2x longer than neuroacicular ligule in chaetiger 2, 2x longer in chaetiger 3, 1.6x longer in chaetiger 10, 1.5x longer in chaetiger 17, 1.2x longer in chaetiger 19, 1.5x longer in chaetiger 28, 1.1x longer in chaetiger 53, 1.5x longer in chaetiger 65 ( Fig. 10A–H ).

Aciculae amber throughout. Notoaciculae present in first two chaetigers ( Fig. 10A ). Notoaciculae narrower than neuroaciculae in anterior chaetigers, becoming as wide as in following chaetigers ( Fig. 10A–H ).

Notochaetae both short-bossed heterogomph spinigers and falcigers; spinigers in all chaetigers, pectinate, teeth minute, decreasing in size toward tip; falcigers appearing from chaetigers 15–17, pectinate, teeth coarse, distal teeth barely extending beyond blade tip, blade tip with a distal tooth, giving a bifid appearance ( Fig. 10J ), shaft becoming slightly stouter toward posterior chaetigers ( Fig. 10E–H ).

Supracicular neurochaetae short-bossed heterogomph spinigers and long-bossed heterogomph falcigers;spinigers with blades as in notopodial ones; falcigers pectinate, teeth minute, distal teeth barely extending beyond blade tip, blade tip rounded along first 17–20 chaetigers ( Fig. 10K ), with a distal tooth and bifid appearance thereafter.

Infracicular neurochaetae both long-bossed heterogomph spinigers and falcigers; spinigers with blades as in notopodial ones; falcigers pectinate, teeth minute, distal teeth barely extending beyond blade tip, blade tip rounded along first 17–20 chaetigers, with a distal tooth and bifid appearance thereafter ( Fig. 10L ), blades longer than supracicular ones in anterior chaetigers, becoming shorter toward posterior ones.

Pygidium tripartite; anal cirri filiform, as long as last 10 segments ( Fig. 9C ).

Remarks. The original description is d and the attributes therein described match well with the type material examined. However, some features were not illustrated or described, including parapodia from the first two chaetigers, the pharynx including jaws, and posterior end. To improve the original description, and to show the current state of type material, a brief description including figures was made. The species is easily recognizable by the combination of attributes of disappearance of dorsal ligules from middle chaetigers and the presence of falcigers with distal teeth (i.e., bidentate) in noto- and neuropodial fascicles. Salazar-Vallejo & Jiménez-Cueto (1997: 363) described an inverted occurrence of falcigers having and lacking distal teeth in specimens of Laguna Nichupté (bidentate falcigers in first anterior chaetigers, becoming unidentate toward posterior ones), but after the examination of the specimens, the arrangement is as in holotype of C. longicirrata .

Distribution. Florida, U.S.A.; Caribbean Sea.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Ceratonereis longicirrata Perkins, 1980. Holotype A–C (USNM 58740); non-type D, E (ECOSUR P1164); non-type F (ECOSUR P3190). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, whole specimen, dorsal view. C, posterior end, dorsal view. D, anterior end, dorsal view. E, pharynx, dorsal view. F, pharynx, ventral view (arrow tips point rounded papillae in areas VI). Scale bars: A, C, D, 0.5 mm; B, 1 mm; E, F, 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 10. Ceratonereis longicirrata Perkins, 1980. Non-type A–L (ECOSUR P1164). A, chaetiger 2, right parapodium. B, chaetiger 3, right parapodium (dorsal cirrus incomplete). C, chaetiger 10, right parapodium. D, chaetiger 17, right parapodium. E, chaetiger 19, right parapodium. F, chaetiger 28, right parapodium. G, chaetiger 53, right parapodium. H, chaetiger 65, right parapodium. I, left jaw, dorsal view. J, notopodial short-bossed heterogomph falciger, chaetiger 19. K, sub-acicular long-bossed heterogomph falciger, chaetiger 17. L, sub-acicular long-bossed heterogomph falciger, chaetiger 19. Scale bars: A–H, 0.1 mm; I, 0.2 mm; J–L, 10 µm.