Upembarus, KOCH, 1956

Kamiński, Marcin Jan, 2015, Phylogenetic reassessment and biogeography of the Ectateus generic group (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Platynotina), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 175 (1), pp. 73-106 : 93-94

SUBGENUS UPEMBARUS KOCH, 1956

Type species: Upembarus saegeri Koch, 1956 ; by original designation.

Diagnostic characters: See diagnostic characters for subgenus Pseudoselinus .

Distribution: Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia.

Species composition (four species): Upembarus saegeri Koch, 1956 , Upembarus sympatrius Koch, 1956 , Upembarus upembaensis Koch, 1956 , Upembarus wittei Koch, 1956 .

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The author is grateful to Dariusz Iwan ( MIIZ) for the supervision during the PhD project. Additionally, for the valuable comments on the manuscript, the author thanks Joanna Ma˛ kol (Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences), Grzegorz Pas´nik (Institue of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, PAS), Rolf Aalbu (California Academy of Sciences), and the anonymous reviewers assigned by the Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. The author would also like to thank the curators of the institutions cited above for the loan of specimens in their care. This research received support from the SYNTHESYS Project (ES-TAF- 3891; http://www.synthesys.info/), which is financed by European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 ‘Capacities’ Programme at the Museo Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales ( CSIC).

KEY TO THE AFROTROPICAL PLATYNOTOID PLATYNOTINA GENERA AND SUBGENERA

1. Pronotal disc without basal indentations. Ratio of the pronotal disc’s total width to its height <5.0. Ratio of pronotal disc height to prothorax height> 0.4 ................................................................................................. (2)

Pronotal disc with a pair of basal indentations. Ratio of the pronotal disc’s total width to its height> 6.0. Ratio of pronotal disc height to prothorax height <0.3 .................................................. Ectateus generic group (6)

2. Anaepisternum and metaventrite long ( Fig. 25 ). Wings present (reduced in Z. exalatus and Z. royi ) ....... Zidalus

Anaepisternum and metaventrite reduced. Wings absent................................... Upembarus generic group (3)

3. Ventral margin of eyes with a groove below ( Fig. 11 ). Distribution: Madagascar................................. Lechius

Ventral margin of eyes without a groove below. Distribution: continental Africa........................................(4)

4. Middle of mentum not projecting anteriad. Anterior tentorial pits invisible. Intercoxal process of prosternum narrow............................................................................................................................. Paraselinus

Middle part of mentum projecting anteriad ( Fig. 7 ). Anterior tentorial pits longitudinal ( Fig. 9 ). Intercoxal process of prosternum wide ( Fig. 17 )............................................................................................ Upembarus (5)

5. The upper edge of the elytral base disappearing before humerus (cf. Kamin´ ski, 2013c). Fifth abdominal ventrite without bordering. Bursa copulatrix without sclerites..................................................subgenus Upembarus

The upper edge of the elytral base reaching the humerus. Fifth abdominal ventrite bordered. Bursa copulatrix with longitudinal sclerites...................................................................................subgenus Pseudoselinus

6. Anaepisternum and metaventrite long. Wings reduced (but present) ( Fig. 30 ) .............. Pteroselinus gen. nov.

Anaepisternum and metaventrite short. Wings absent..........................................................................(7)

7. Anterior tentorial pits deep, clearly visible as circular depressions ( Fig. 10 ) ............................................. (8)

Anterior tentorial pits invisible or visible as longitudinal depressions ..................................................... (9)

8. Pronotum widest at the base, sides evenly narrowing towards apex. Fifth abdominal ventrite bordered. Penis narrow; clavae developing from two-thirds of the aedeagal tegmen length (cf. Kamin´ ski, 2014) ............. Selinus

Pronotum widest in the middle, sides rounded. Fifth abdominal without bordering. Penis wide; clavae developing from half of the aedeagal tegmen length (cf. Kamin´ ski, 2014) ...................................................... Monodius

9. Dorsal side of frons with conspicuous depressions ( Fig. 6 ). Bursa copulatrix with several small sclerites ( Fig. 27 )........................................................................................................................... Nesopatrum

Dorsal side of frons without depressions. Bursa copulatrix with a single sclerite or without sclerites.......... (10)

10. Submentum pentagonal ( Fig. 5 ). Last segment of maxillary palpi strongly widened ( Fig. 4 )... Anchophthalmus ... .................................................................................................................................................(11)

Submentum triangular. Last segment of maxillary palpi narrow...........................................................(12)

11. Lateral wings of mentum developing at the level of two-thirds of mentum length ( Fig. 5 ). Base of the fourth elytral interval protruding towards the front of the body (cf. Kamin´ ski & Iwan, 2013a) ............. subgenus Kochogaster

Lateral wings of mentum visible from the base. Base of the fourth elytral interval not protruding towards the front of the body............................................................................................subgenus Anchophthalmus

12. Pronotal disc and elytra densely covered with setae. Elytral humeri strongly protruding sideways (cf. Iwan, 2001a). Clavae developing from half of the aedeagal tegmen length ( Fig. 29 )....................................... Phallocentrion

Pronotal disc and elytra densely glabrous or covered with fine and sparsely distributed setae. Elytral humeri not protruding outwards. Clavae developing from two-thirds of the aedeagal tegmen length ................................ .................................................................................................................................................(13)

13. Apical part of mentum with a median indentation ( Fig. 8 )......................................................... Angolositus

Apical part of mentum straight.......................................................................................................(14)

14. Third antennomere short (ratio of its length to the length of second antennomere ≥ 2.0). Elytral humeri strongly protruding towards body apex ( Fig. 20 )................................................................................. Glyptopteryx

Third antennomere long (ratio of its length to the length of second antennomere <3.0). Elytral humeri not protruding towards body apex ( Fig. 19 ).................................................................................................(10)

15. Bases of the first four elytral rows connected in the following way: 1–2, 3–4 ( Fig. 19 ). Scutellum dented. Elytral epipleuron flat over its whole surface. Apex of the elytral epipleuron emarginated............................. Ectateus

Bases of the first four elytral rows not connected. Scutellum situated at the level of elytra. Elytral epipleuron curved at the level of the base of fifth ventrite. Apex of the elytral epipleuron not emarginated.................(16)

16. Antennomeres from seventh to 11th elongated ( Fig. 12B ). Parallel basal halves of the lateral elytral sides. Elytral intervals covered with coarse tubercles ( Fig. 22 ) ................................................................... Phymatoplata

Antennomeres from seventh to 11th transverse ( Fig. 12A ). Rounded basal halves of the lateral elytral sides. Elytral intervals without tubercles.............................................................................................................(17)

17. Antennomeres from seventh to 11th triangular. Scutellum small (ratio of the width of a single elytra to the base of the scutellum> 15.0; Fig. 18 ). Base of parameres strongly widened ( Fig. 28 ) ..................... Anchophthalmops

Antennomeres from seventh to 11th rounded. Scutellum large (ratio of the width of a single elytra to the base of the scutellum <12.0). Base of parameres slightly widened (cf. Kamin´ ski, 2014) ............................. Eleoselinus

Figures

Figure 30. Reduced wing of Pteroselinus insularis.

Figures 22–26. Apex of elytra (22), epipleuron (23, 26), abdominal ventrites (24), and anaepisternum (25). Phymatoplata halsteadi (22); Anchophthalmus (Kochogaster) impressicollis (23); Anchophthalmops gridellii (24); Zidalus latipes (25); Selinus planus (26). Arrows indicate particular states of the characters used in the phylogenetic analysis and autapomorphies (ap).

Figures 11–15. Head – dorsal view (11), antenna (12), and pronotum (13–15). Anchophthalmops gridellii (12A), Ectateus ghesquierei (15); Glyptopteryx interioris (13); Lechius abacoides (11); Phymatoplata halsteadi (12B); Selinus planus (14). Arrows indicate particular states of the characters used in the phylogenetic analysis and autapomorphies (ap).

Figures 4–10. Head – ventral view (4, 6), mentum (5, 7, 8), and anterior tentorial pits (9, 10). Anchophthalmus (Anchophthalmus) algoensis (4); Anchophthalmus (Kochogaster) impressicollis (5); Angolositus lidiae (8); Nesopatrum josephi (6); Selinus planus (10); Upembarus (Pseudoselinus) punctatostriatus (7, 9). Arrows indicate particular states of the characters used in the phylogenetic analysis, autapomorphies (ap), and diagnostic characters (d).

Figures 16–21. Intercoxal process of prosternum (17), hypomeron (16), scutellum (18), and base of elytron (19–21). Anchophthalmus (Kochogaster) impressicollis (16); Upembarus (Pseudoselinus) punctatostriatus (17); Anchophthalmops platessa (18); Ectateus modestus (19); Glyptopteryx lesnei (20); Eleoselinus villiersi (21). Arrows indicate particular states of the characters used in the phylogenetic analysis.

Figures 27–29. Bursa copulatrix (27) and aedeagal tegmen (28, 29). Nesopatrum josephi (27); Anchophthalmops platessa (28); Phallocentrion edentatum (29). Arrows indicate particular states of the characters used in the phylogenetic analysis and autapomorphies (ap).