Sulciclivina striata striata ( Putzeys, 1846 )

Balkenohl, Michael, 2023, Revision of the genus Sulciclivina Balkenohl, 2022 from Asia (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Clivinini), European Journal of Taxonomy 915 (1), pp. 1-57 : 25-29

Sulciclivina striata striata ( Putzeys, 1846)

Figs 3 , 12–13 , 32, 43–44, 53

Clivina striata Putzeys, 1846: 592 (original description).

Clivina striata – Putzeys 1867: 110 (redescription). — Andrewes 1919: 206 (type location); 1924: 115 (faunistics); 1926: 375 (diagnostic comparison); 1929: 357 (redescription); 1930: 117 (catalogue). — Balkenohl 2001: 16 (catalogue); 2021b: 35 (faunistics). — Csiki 1927: 511 (catalogue). — Kult 1951: 25 (catalogue).

Clivina (Eoclivina) striata – Lorenz 2005: 145 (catalogue); 2022: 5ZCCV (catalogue).

Sulciclivina striata – Balkenohl 2022: 108 (anatomy and new combination).

Diagnosis

A medium-sized distinctly slender species with subparallel shape, interval eight of the elytron reticulated, and with a completely fused lateral lobe of the clypeus and the wing. Distinguished from the most similar species S. sulcigera by the pronotum, which is longer than wide and with the margins subparallel, the indistinctly bilobed median part of the clypeus, and the male median lobe of the aedeagus with its apical lateral hump and the dorsal bulge, as well as the uniquely different shape of the gonocoxites.

Type material

Lectotype (by present designation)

INDIA • ♂; with two pins, first pin: small mounting card, with labels and data: pale grey, handwritten in black ink “Mysore” / “1” / “Hope” / “striata Hope Mysore ” / black printed and handwritted in black ink “Civina sp. allied to C. indica Putz. Teste Jun.1918 , H.E.Andrewes. ” / black framed, handwritten in black ink and printed “TYPE COL: 776 Clivina striata Putzeys HOPE DEPT.OXFORD ” / red, black printed “LECTOTYPE Sulciclivina striata striata ( Putzeys, 1846) des. M.Balkenohl 2023”; Second pin with two semi-transparent galatine capsules and white black printed label “TYPE COLE 0776 Clivina striata Putzeys HOPE ENT. COL. OUMNH ”; OUMNH.

Remarks. The specimen is broken in four parts and was deposited in two galatine capsules. It has been remounted and glued on a paper card to get a realistic impression of the specimen. The following damage is noted: the right elytron shows a pinhole. The following parts are missing: antennae with three terminal segments on the right and nine on the left side, legs, and the right intermediate tibia and tarsomeres as well as the left intermediate tarsomeres two to five.

Putzeys (1846) described the species on the basis of two specimens, one from Mysore deposited in the Hope Collection, and one from Coromandel deposited in the Reiche collection. He later indicated the specimen from Coromandel should be deposited in the “(Coll. de Chaudoir)” ( Putzeys 1867). A careful search revealed there is one specimen from Coromandel in the Chaudoir collection, checked personally in November 2021 ( MNHN). Although it is not labelled as a type, I strongly believe it is the second specimen Putzeys used for the description. It is conspecific with the holotype (lectotype in this case) and has been red labelled as paralectotype.

Paralectotype

INDIA • 1 ♂; with labels and data: yellow, handwritten in black ink “Coromandel” / pale grey, handwritten in black ink “2”; MNHN .

Remark. The following damages are noted: the right elytron shows a pinhole. The following parts are missing: the left intermediate leg and all tarsomeres from the left hind leg.

Additional material

INDIA • 1 ♀; “ Himalaya ” / “ Clivina striata Putz dét J. Putzeys ” / “Soc. Ent. Belg. Coll. PUTZEYS” / “ Clivina striata Putz. H.E.Andrewes det. 1928”; RBINS • 1 ♀; “ India, Kaziranga Bagori , V. 1961 Mikir Hills” / “ Clivina attenuata-group det. M. Balkenohl, 2017 ”; MFNB • 1 ♂; “W. Almora Div. Kumaon, U.P. Oct.’19.H.G.C.” / handwritten: “attenuata H. Small Ex. afs. broad ? striata P.” / “ H.G. Champion Coll. B.M. 153-156”; NHMUK • 1 spec.; “ Dehra Dun , U.P. G.D. Pant. 24, VI.1928,” / “2044” / “For. Res. Inst. Dehra Dun” / “ H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M.1945-97.”; NHMUK • 1 ♀; “ INDIA. U.P. Dehara Dun 1932. H.G.Champion” / “ H.G. Champion Coll. B.M. 1953-156” / “ Clivina attenuata-group det. Balkenohl, 2017 ”; NHMUK • 1 ♀; “Barway P.Cardon.” / “ Clivina sulcigera Putz. det M Maindron 1916”; RBINS • 1 ♀; “NAGPUR C.P. INDIA 1,000 ft. 22-8-1920 E. A. D’ABREU ” / “Central Mus. Nagpur, C.P.” / “ Clivina striata Putz. H.E.Andrewes det.” / “ C. striata Putz .. 57 det. K. Kult ”; ETHZ • 1 ♂; “NAGPUR C.P. INDIA 1,000 ft. 17-11-1917 E. A. D’ABREU ” / “under flower pot” / “Central Mus. Nagpur, C.P.” / “striata ” / “H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M.1945-97.”; NHMUK • 1 ♀; “NAGPUR C.P. INDIA 1,000 ft. 9-6- 1918 E. A. D’ABREU ” / “Central Mus. Nagpur, C.P.” / “striata Putz. ” / “Gesch. 8. 1938 von Andrewes” / “ Clivina striata Putz. H.E.Andrewes det.” / “F. van Emden Bequest. B.M. 1960-129”; NHMUK • 1 ♀; “ India or. Nagpore ” / “ Clivina attenuata-group det. M. Balkenohl, 2017 ”; MFNB • 1 spec.; same data as for preceding but “ 2-7-17 ”; NHMUK • 1 ♂; “ Bandra. India. Dr. Jayakar. 1905-152.” / “ Clivina striata Putz. H.E.Andrewes det.”; NHMUK • 1 spec.; “ Poona ” / “ Clivina striata Putz. Compared with type H.E.A.”; NHMUK • 1 spec.; “ INDIA: Poona. 3.ix.1944. D.Leston. B.M.1946-365” / “ Coleoptera Poona 3.9.44 ” / “ Clivina striata Putz. det. Dr. A. Dostal 1984”; NHMUK • 1 spec.; “ Madras Eing. 1925 Nr. 10” / “Ex Mus. Hamburg” / “ Cliv. striata Putz. ” / “ H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M.1945-97.”; NHMUK • 1 ♀; “E. Ind” / “48 22”; NHMUK • 1 ♂; “3 specs, India ” / “ Bowring 63.47*” / one of them with additional label “ Fenapore N. Decca ”; NHMUK • 1 spec. [received with empty abdomen]; “ India mer. Tanjore Distr. Nedungadu ” / “Compared with COTYPE K. Kult 1946” / “ C. striata Putz 38 DET ANDREWES ” / “COLLECTIO KAREL KULT COLL.A.DOSTAL, 1999”; CADW • 1 ♂; “ Nilgerries Bates ” / “ Clivina striata Putz. dét. J. Putzeys ” / “Soc.Ent.Belg. Coll. PUTZEYS” / “ Clivina striata Putz. H.E.Andrewes det.”; RBINS • 1 ♀; “ Nilgerries ” / “ Clivina striata Pz. teste Putzeys”; MNHN • 4 specs; “Trichinopoly”; RBINS • 11 ♀♀, 27 specs; “SOUTH INDIA Kerala State Trivandrum Dt. 3000 Ft. Poonmudi Range VI.89 at light T.R.S. Nathan.Coll.” / “Coll. J. Saltin in Coll.CBA 1997” / “ Clivina striata PUTZ. det. Balkenohl, Jan. 94 ”; CMBB • 1 ♀, 29 specs; “South India Kerala State, Quilon distr. Thenmala, T.R.S.N. Coll. VI. 93 ” / “Coll. J. Saltin in Coll. CBA 1997” / “ Clivina striata PUTZ. det. Balkenohl, Jan. 94 ”; CMBB • 1 ♀; “ Travancore 74.19” / “attenuata group / Clivina striata Putz. det. K. Kult 57”; MNHN .

Redescription

MEASUREMENTS. Lectotype: body length 6.4 mm, width 1.84 mm; L/W of pronotum 1.06; L/W of elytra 1.91. Other material: body length 6.13–6.88 mm (ẍ: = 6.49 mm *), width 1.7–1.9 mm (ẍ: = 1.81 mm *), L/W of pronotum 1.01–1.06 (ẍ: = 1.3*), L/W of elytra 1.88–2.03 (ẍ: = 1.95*); (*n = 10).

COLOUR. Glossy. Piceous. Labrum, intermediate and hind leg fuscous, antenna and tarsomere fuscous. Supraantennal plates at the margin slightly translucent-fuscous.

HEAD. Less than a third narrower than pronotum. Clypeus with central part slightly bilobed anteriorly; lateral lobe distinctly projecting, wing completely fused with lateral lobe. Supraantennal plate laterally less convex at middle, laterally somewhat less projecting than eye; clypeus and wing reflexed margined. Supraantennal plate distinctly reflexed margined. Supraantennal plate overlapping eye anteriorly by a quarter (dorsal view), with supraorbital keel extended up to mid-eye level, separated from wing by sharp notch. Clypeus transverse, slightly convex, separated from frons by distinct sharp step and somewhat widened sulcus, step and sulcus in form like an inverted flat V. Frons moderately convex, with small but distinct arch-like impression at middle which is separated in two parts, with supraorbital carina up to posterior eye-level. Clypeus smooth, frons with minute and medium-sized scattered punctures basolateral, separated from supraantennal plate and supraorbital carina by deep moderately wide furrow, furrow wide at the posterior end, with two supraorbital setigerous punctures, one situated at mid-eye level and one at gena level. Neck constriction missing. Eye moderately convex, less protruding laterally in dorsal view. Main part of eye situated ventrally where it is globose. Due to the overlapping supraantennal plate and the gena, the eye resembles in lateral view the shape of a kidney. Gena distinct, moderately convex, covering a quarter of posterior eye in ventral view. Antenna relatively short, reaching slightly over middle of pronotum, antennomeres five to ten of moderate length (L/W around 1.2). Labrum straight anteriorly, with isodiametric reticulation, six setose. Mentum with isodiametric reticulation, with lobe flattened, shape of lobe asymmetric oval, slightly carinate at middle, median tooth parallel sided, not as protruding anteriorly as lobe, slightly hollowed out and obtusely angled anteriorly.

PRONOTUM. Disk moderately convex in lateral and distinctly convex in frontal view. Longer than wide. Reflexed lateral margin smooth, subparallel, widest behind middle; anterior angle distinctly projecting, posterior angle missing; lateral channel narrow, smooth, completely and regularly rounded off at level posterior to setigerous puncture and continuing up to base. Median line moderately narrow, complete. Anterior transverse line punctured, joining median line, not joining anterior margin. Surface glossy, basolaterally with group of few impressed punctures of moderate size, with paramedian longitudinal group of punctures in basal half, with few transverse wrinkles, whole disk covered with microscopic punctures. Base distinctly marked, twice as wide as lateral channel. Proepisternum just visible in dorsal view.

ELYTRON. Disk flattened in anterior half in lateral view, distinctly convex in frontal view with increasing convexity towards lateral margin. Twice as long as wide, subparallel, with maximum width slightly behind middle. Reflexed lateral margin smooth. Scutellar striole missing; setigerous tubercle at base of first stria, with small but distinct tubercle at base of second stria. Humeral tooth situated at base of fourth interval. Striae moderately deep, distinctly punctuate-striate, stria five distinctly less punctate, one to three free at base, four reaching humerus, one and two, three and four, and five and six joining apically. Intervals moderately convex, more convex laterally, interval eight with carina apically. Setigerous punctures missing on intervals. Surface of intervals glossy, interval eight with isodiametric reticulation, in females interval seven with isodiametric reticulation at humerus and apex, in males smooth.

HIND WINGS. In the type material, the length is two thirds of the elytron. In the other material, the length reaches from half to three fourth of the elytron, and also fully developed alae are observed in few specimens.

LOWER SURFACE. Proepisternum covered in lateral half with isodiametric reticulation and with distinct transverse wrinkles. Sternite of abdomen laterally with moderately large punctures, apical margins smooth laterally, completely smooth at middle but with microscopic punctures, apical segment with dense moderately large punctures, less dense basally; in females in addition with isodiametric reticulation laterally at the third and fourth sternite.

LEGS. Tibiae covered with isodiametric reticulation. Protibia with three spines of moderate length, not sulcate dorsally, movable spur robust, apically distinctly arcuate.

MALE GENITALIA (Fig. 32). Median lobe moderately slender, relatively short in comparison to body size, moderately arcuate at middle, with apical lateral hump and distinct dorsal bulge, apex with short, flattened, and slightly distorted and slightly asymmetric spatula, with no visible microtrichia on the surface. Endophallus transverse and askew folded. Ventral paramere with velum-like apophysis, somewhat distorted, apex with two setae. Dorsal paramere elongated sinus-like, with robust apophysis, with apical and preapical seta.

FEMALE GONOCOXITE AND EPIPLEURITE (Figs 43–44). Gonocoxite partly hyaline, oval-foliform, long-narrowed basally, flattened dorsally and ventrally, with three long nematiform setae positioned at the median side, with one very long nematiform seta apically. Epipleurite nearly square, with conspicuously widened angulated rod.

Variation

In addition to the alae, the following variations are observed. In some specimens, the clypeus is more distinctly bilobed anteriorly. In the majority of the specimens, the eye is posteriorly more pointed laterally. In some specimens and in addition to stria five, stria four of the elytron is less punctate. Often, stria one and two are not joining at the apex of the elytron. The reticulation of interval eight of the elytron covers in some cases only half of the interval. In specimens from the Kerala State, Trivandrum District, and from Travancore, the anterior margin of the clypeus is nearly straight. The sulcus on the frons is shallow and the clypeus is transverse, bulging anterior to the sulcus. In addition, the paramedian group of punctures on the pronotum is indistinct and consists of 2–3 punctures only, and on interval eight of the elytron, the reticulation is more distinctly developed. In addition, the gonocoxites are slightly wider. There are no males from Trivandrum and Travancore available and the material is internally rotten. If the form represents an own taxon has to be determined when more material is available.

Sexual dimorphism

In males, only interval eight is reticulated. Females show reticulation in addition on interval seven at the humerus and at the apex.

Distribution

Known to occur from the North of India (Uttar Pradesh) to Tamil Nadu in the South.

Figures

Figs 1–3.Sulciclivina Balkenohl, 2022, head in dorsal view, showing the specific terms used. 1. Sulciclivina attenuata attenuata (Herbst, 1806), ♀, lectotype (MFNB). 2. S. splendida sp. nov., ♂, holotype (NHMB). 3. S. sagittaria sagittaria (Bates, 1892), ♂, paralectotype (NHMUK).

Figs 12–19. Sulciclivina Balkenohl, 2022, habitus, dorsal view. 12–13. S. striata striata (Putzeys, 1846). 12. ♂, lectotype, [specimen not cleaned], (OUMNH). 13. ♂ from Bandra, India (NHMUK). 14. S. striata kottea subsp. nov., ♀, holotype (NHMUK). 15. S. curvata sp. nov., ♂ from Java (ETHZ). 16–17. S. sulcigera (Putzeys, 1867). 16. ♂ from Nakhon, Thailand (NHMUK). 17. ♀ from Siem Reap, Cambodia, showing the reduced alae (RBINS). 18. S. karelkulti karelkulti sp. nov., ♀, holotype (MFNB). 19. S. karelkulti medanensis subsp. nov., ♀, holotype (SMNS).