Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani, d’Acoz & Verheye, 2017

d’Acoz, Cédric d’Udekem & Verheye, Marie L., 2017, Epimeria of the Southern Ocean with notes on their relatives (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Eusiroidea), European Journal of Taxonomy 359, pp. 1-553 : 29-33

Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:74A8958B-6C00-4D92-89B6-AA6977F51D3A

Figs 17–26

Epimeria aff. schiaparelli – d’Udekem d’Acoz & Verheye 2013: 63, fig. 3.8.2h (photograph in colour). ‘Clade A similis / macrodonta complex - SI5’ – Verheye et al. 2016a, supplement: 2 (online).

non Epimeria schiaparelli Lörz, Maas, Linse & Fenwick, 2007: 25 , figs 1–7.

Etymology

The species is dedicated to Charles Oliver Coleman (Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin), as a recognition of his important contribution to the knowledge of the taxonomy of the genus Epimeria . The name is a genitive.

Type material

Holotype

RV Polarstern cruises:

SOUTHERN OCEAN: ovigerous ♀, cruise PS81,ANT-XXIX/3, Bransfield Strait , stn 196-8, 62°47.80ʹ S, 57°5.35ʹ W to 62°47.63ʹ S, 57°5.63ʹ W, 542–580 m, Agassiz trawl, 24 Feb. 2013, coll. C. d’Udekem d’Acoz and M. Verheye ( RBINS, INV. 122942 ) [extraction ANT 37; Genbank nr, COI: KU870823 , 28S: KU759596 ].

Paratypes

RV Polarstern cruises:

SOUTHERN OCEAN: 2 specs, cruise PS06,ANT-III/3, stn 348, eastern Weddell Sea, 72°50ʹ S, 19°23ʹ W, 490 m, bottom trawl, 20 Feb. 1985, coll. J. Plötz ( RBINS, INV. 132740); 1 spec., cruise PS06, ANT- III/3, station unknown, eastern Weddell Sea, Feb. 1985, coll. J. Plötz ( RBINS, INV. 132742); 1 small spec., cruise PS39, ANT-XIII/3, EASIZ I, stn 1, GSN 1, eastern Weddell Sea, 71°03.10ʹ S, 11°25.50ʹ W to 71°02.10ʹ S, 11°19.30ʹ W, 462–481 m, bottom trawl, 5 Feb. 1996, coll. C. De Broyer and G. Chapelle ( RBINS, INV. 132703); 1 small spec., cruise PS39, ANT-XIII/3, EASIZ I, stn 1, GSN 1, eastern Weddell Sea, 71°03.10ʹ S, 11°25.50ʹ W to 71°02.10ʹ S, 11°19.30ʹ W, 462–481 m, bottom trawl, 5 Feb. 1996, coll. C. De Broyer and G. Chapelle ( RBINS, INV. 132709); 1 spec., cruise PS39,ANT-XIII/3, EASIZ I, stn 12, GSN 5, eastern Weddell Sea, 73°18.10ʹ S, 21°10.10ʹ W to 73°17.10ʹ S, 21°08.20ʹ W, 457–459 m, bottom trawl, 14 Feb. 1996, coll. C. De Broyer and G. Chapelle ( RBINS, INV. 132695); 1 spec., cruise PS39, ANT-XIII/3, EASIZ I, stn 17, GSN 10, eastern Weddell Sea, 73°18.00ʹ S, 21°09.90ʹ W to 73°19.10ʹ S, 21°14.90ʹ W, 465–468 m, bottom trawl, 16 Feb. 1996, coll. C. De Broyer and G. Chapelle ( RBINS, INV. 132693); 4 specs, cruise PS69, ANT-XXIII/8, stn 661-2, between Elephant Island and King George Island, 61°39.29ʹ S, 57°02.89ʹ W to 61°39.20ʹ S, 57°04.75ʹ W, 466–467 m, bottom trawl, 30 Dec. 2006, coll. C. d’Udekem d’Acoz and H. Robert ( RBINS, INV. 122549); 3 alcohol-fixed specs, cruise PS69, ANT-XXIII/8, stn 662-1, between Elephant Island and King George Island, 61°35.91ʹ S, 57°17.04ʹ W to 61°35.41ʹ S, 57°20.60ʹ W, 425–432 m, bottom trawl, 30 Dec. 2006, coll. C. d’Udekem d’Acoz and H. Robert ( RBINS, INV. 122492); 2 specs, initially fixed with formalin, cruise PS69, ANT-XXIII/8, stn 663-1, north of King George Island, 61°38.18ʹ S, 57°33.17ʹ W to 61°38.02ʹ S, 57°37.16ʹ W, 432–434 m, bottom trawl, 30 Dec. 2006, coll. C. d’Udekem d’Acoz and H. Robert ( RBINS, INV. 122537); 1 immature spec., cruise PS71, ANT-XXIV/2, ANDEEP-SYSTCO, eastern Weddell Sea, stn 48-1, 70°23.94ʹ S, 8°19.14ʹ W to 70°23.89ʹ S, 8°18.67ʹ W, 595–602 m, bryozoan bottom (exceptional diversity of bryozoans), Agassiz trawl, 12 Jan. 2008, coll. H. Robert ( RBINS, INV. 122901); 1 spec., dissected and illustrated by unpublished line drawings, cruise PS71, ANT-XXIV/2, ANDEEP-SYSTCO, eastern Weddell Sea, stn 48-1, 70°23.94ʹ S, 8°19.14ʹ W to 70°23.89ʹ S, 8°18.67ʹ W, 595–602 m, bryozoan bottom (exceptional diversity of bryozoans), Agassiz trawl, 12 Jan. 2008, coll. H. Robert ( RBINS, INV. 132977) [extraction P41; Genbank nr, COI: KU870895 , 28S: KU759684 ]; 8 specs, fixed in formalin, cruise PS71, ANT-XXIV/2, ANDEEP-SYSTCO, eastern Weddell Sea, stn 48-1, 70°23.94ʹ S, 8°19.14ʹ W to 70°23.89ʹ S, 8°18.67ʹ W, 595–602 m, bryozoan bottom (exceptional diversity of bryozoans), Agassiz trawl, 12 Jan. 2008, coll. H. Robert ( RBINS, INV. 132455); 2 specs, fixed in alcohol, cruise PS71, ANT- XXIV/2, ANDEEP-SYSTCO, eastern Weddell Sea, stn 48-1, 70°23.94ʹ S, 8°19.14ʹ W to 70°23.89ʹ S, 8°18.67ʹ W, 595–602 m, bryozoan bottom (exceptional diversity of bryozoans), Agassiz trawl, 12 Jan. 2008, coll. H. Robert ( RBINS, INV. 132986); 1 immature spec., cruise PS77, ANT-XXVII/3, CAMBIO, eastern Weddell Sea, stn 265-2, 70°47.34ʹ S, 10°40.39ʹ W to 70°47.13ʹ S, 10°40.54ʹ W, 500–600 m, Agassiz trawl, 22 Mar. 2011, coll. C. Havermans and H. Robert ( RBINS, INV. 132965) [extraction I9; Genbank nr, COI: KU870853 , 28S: KU759630 ]; 1 ♀, cruise PS81, ANT-XXIX/3, Bransfield Strait, stn 193-8, 62°43.73ʹ S, 57°29.04ʹ W to 62°43.80ʹ S, 57°29.40ʹ W, 428–431 m, Agassiz trawl, 23 Feb. 2013, coll. C. d’Udekem d’Acoz and M. Verheye ( RBINS, INV. 132976) [extraction I13; Genbank nr, COI: KU870839 , 28S: KU759615 ]; 1 ovigerous ♀, cruise PS81, ANT-XXIX/3, Bransfield Strait, stn 193- 9, 62°43.50ʹ S, 57°27.92ʹ W to 62°43.53ʹ S, 57°28.28ʹ W, 420–428 m, sponge bottom, Agassiz trawl, 23 Feb. 2013, coll. C. d’Udekem d’Acoz and M. Verheye ( RBINS, INV. 132966) [extraction ANT 36; Genbank nr, COI: KU870822 , 28S: KU759595 ]; 1 large spec., cruise PS81, ANT-XXIX/3, Bransfield Strait, stn 193-9, 62°43.50ʹ S, 57°27.92ʹ W to 62°43.53ʹ S, 57°28.28ʹ W, 420–428 m, sponge bottom, Agassiz trawl, 23 Feb. 2013, coll. C. d’Udekem d’Acoz and M. Verheye ( RBINS, INV. 122962); 3 large specs, cruise PS81, ANT-XXIX/3, Bransfield Strait, stn 196-8, 62°47.80ʹ S, 57°5.35ʹ W to 62°47.63ʹ S, 57°5.63ʹW, 542–580 m, Agassiz trawl, 24 Feb. 2013, coll. C. d’Udekem d’Acoz and M. Verheye ( RBINS, INV. 122959); 3 specs, cruise PS81, ANT-XXIX/3, Bransfield Strait, stn 217-6, 62°53.45ʹ S, 58°13.06ʹ W to 62°53.42ʹ S, 58°13.41ʹ W, 461–483 m, rich sponge bottom, Agassiz trawl, 2 Mar. 2013, coll. C. d’Udekem d’Acoz and M. Verheye ( RBINS, INV. 122922 A) [extraction K 39, largest specimen; Genbank nr, COI: KU 870871 , 28 S: KU 759651 ].

Other material examined

RV Aurora Australis cruises:

SOUTHERN OCEAN: 1 spec., cruise CEAMARC, sample CEAMARC 1317, stn 51AEV215, Adélie Coast, 66°44ʹ52″ S, 145°26ʹ40″ E, 525–553 m, beam trawl, 30 Dec. 2007, coll. IPEV-AAD-MNHN (MNHN-IU-2014-7323, removed from MNHN-IU-2014-4279); 1 spec., cruise CEAMARC, sample CEAMARC 2724, stn 71EV447, Adélie Coast, 66°24ʹ00″ S, 140°32ʹ21″ E, 683–791 m, beam trawl, 14 Jan. 2008, coll. IPEV-AAD-MNHN (MNHN-IU-2014-7324, removed from MNHN-IU-2014-4337) [extraction M 6; Genbank nr, COI: KU 870889 , 28 S: KU 759673 ]; 3 specs, cruise CEAMARC, sample CEAMARC 3532, stn 87EV524, Adélie Coast, 65°29ʹ29″ S, 139°18ʹ37″ E, 397–411 m, beam trawl, 17 Jan. 2008, coll. IPEV-AAD-MNHN (MNHN-IU-2014-4353); 5 specs, cruise CEAMARC, sample CEAMARC 3978, stn 36EV297, 66°20ʹ20″ S, 143°41ʹ08″ E, Adélie Coast, 552–573 m, 4 Jan. 2008, coll. IPEV-AAD-MNHN (MNHN-IU-2014-4329).

RV Marion Dufresne cruises:

SOUTHERN OCEAN: 1 spec., cruise MD 42 (SIBEX), stn 22- CP 73, Prydz Bay, 66°57ʹ25″ S, 72°41ʹ25″ E, depth missing [Google Earth depth for that position: 540 m (accessed 27 Sep. 2016)] 26 Jan. 1985 (MNHN-IU-2014-4259) (typed label); 1 spec., cruise MD 42 (SIBEX), stn 22- CP 66, Prydz Bay, 66°55ʹ45″ S, 74°4ʹ11″ E, depth missing [Google Earth depth for that position: 427 m (accessed 27 Sep. 2016)], 26 Jan. 1985 (MNHN-IU-2014-4266) (typed label).

Belgian and Belgian-Dutch Antarctic expedition:

SOUTHERN OCEAN: 2 specs, Princess Ragnhild Coast, stn 220, Baie du Glacier, exact coordinates unavailable [presumably about 70°18ʹ S, 23°58ʹ E], 414–450 m, trawl, 1 Feb. 1965, coll. A. Capart ( RBINS, INV. 132737); 2 specs, Princess Ragnhild Coast, stn 220, Baie du Glacier, exact coordinates unavailable [presumably about 70°18ʹ S, 23°58ʹ E], 414–450 m, trawl, 1 Feb. 1965, coll. A. Capart ( RBINS, INV. 132738); 5 specs, Princess Ragnhild Coast, stn 220, Baie du Glacier, exact coordinates unavailable [presumably about 70°18ʹ S, 23°58ʹ E], 414–450 m, trawl, 1 Feb. 1965, coll. A. Capart ( RBINS, INV. 132739).

RV Discovery cruises (National Antarctic Expedition 1901–1904):

SOUTHERN OCEAN: 1 adult ♀, Ross Sea, n° 13, 914 m (500 fathoms), 22 Jan. 1902, together in the same tube with a juvenile Epimeria , which is identified herein as E. macrodonta s.str., obviously

representing paralectotypes of Epimeria macrodonta designated by Lörz et al. (2007), albeit no label indicated their status of paralectotypes ( BMNH 1907.6.6.259-262) (in part).

Description

ROSTRUM. Long, overreaching tip of article 1 of peduncle of antenna 1 (teeth excluded), weakly curved, sharp-tipped in lateral view.

EYE. Very large, elliptic.

PEREION–PLEOSOME TOOTH PATTERN. Pereionites 3 to pleonite 3 with mid-dorsal tooth; pereionite 1 to pleonite 3 with pair of posterodorsal teeth or protrusions (those of the pereion are distinctly carinate); pereionites 1–2 without any trace of mid-dorsal tooth, with pair of carinate dorsolateral protrusions; pereionite 2 slightly narrower than pereionite 1; pereionite 3 with small blunt-tipped posterior middorsal tooth and pair of small dorsolateral carinate teeth; pereionite 4 to 6 with medium-sized blunttipped broad and regularly curved mid-dorsal tooth and pair of small dorsolateral carinate teeth; pereionite 7 with large acute-tipped and regularly curved mid-dorsal tooth and pair of small dorsolateral carinate teeth; pleonites 1–2 with large acute-tipped and regularly curved mid-dorsal tooth and pair of small dorsolateral non-carinate teeth; on pleonite 1 a second pair of (much smaller) dorsolateral teeth is observed between the mid-dorsal tooth and the main pair of dorsolateral teeth; pleonite 3 with large acute-tipped mid-dorsal tooth bearing a weak median notch and pair of small dorsolateral non-carinate teeth (teeth from pereionite 7 to pleonite 3 distinctly longer than more anterior teeth, the size difference being more important in immatures than in adults)

COXAE 1–3. Strongly carinate and distally sharp.

COXA 4. Anterodorsal and anteroventral border nearly straight joined by low and blunt angular discontinuity, anterior angle slightly but distinctly projecting forward; ventral tooth long and acute; lateral carina with obtuse angularity or very obtuse tooth, carina very distant from margin of coxa at its deepest point.

COXA 5. With long, sharp, triangular, carinate, lateral tooth pointing obliquely backwards.

COXA 6. With mid-sized, sharp, triangular, carinate, lateral tooth pointing obliquely backwards; posteroventral corner rounded, with trace of angular discontinuity.

COXA 7. With ventral border slightly curved, with posterior border straight, their convergence forming a sharp squared angle.

EPIMERAL PLATES 1–3. Posteroventral angle produced into a long and very sharp tooth.

UROSOME TOOTH PATTERN. Urosomite 1 with sharp triangular process pointing upwards; urosomite 2 without pair of small posterior dorsolateral teeth pointing upwards.

TELSON. Cleft on 0.2; tips of lobes rounded, slit fairly narrow.

PEDUNCLE OF ANTENNA 1. Article 1 with long lateral and medial teeth nearly reaching mid of article 2 (teeth excluded) and long ventral tooth reaching tip of article 2 (teeth excluded); article 2 with huge lateral tooth and very large medial tooth considerably overreaching tip of article 3, with ventral tooth slightly overreaching tip of article 3 (tooth excluded); article 3 with well developed ventral tooth, about as long as article itself.

GNATHOPODS 1–2. Carpus and propodus of normal slenderness; propodus not narrowing distally, palm distinct.

PEREIOPODS 5–7. Merus, carpus and propodus slender; basis of pereiopods 5–6 of normal width, with posteroproximal process rounded and strongly protruding in pereiopod 5, weakly protruding in pereiopod 6, with posterodistal tooth strong; basis of pereiopod 7 very broad with posterodistal tooth sharp, followed more proximally by small concavity, directed posteriorly.

Colour pattern

Whitish, with vague reddish marks on the mid-dorsal tooth of the posterior body segments (pereionite 7 to urosomite 1), tip of rostrum, tip of pereiopods. Eyes reddish.

Body length

Up to 47 mm.

Distribution

Between King George Island and Elephant Island, Bransfield Strait, eastern shelf of the Weddell Sea, Princess Ragnhild Coast, Prydz Bay, Adélie Coast, western Ross Sea, 397– 914 m.

Remarks

In immature E. colemani sp. nov., the mid-dorsal tooth of pereionite 7 and pleonites 1–2 are much longer than in adults and much longer than more anterior mid-dorsal teeth. Epimeria colemani sp. nov. specimens from western stations (South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula, Eastern Weddell Sea) and the only sequenced specimen from the Adélie Coast (MNHN-IU-2014-7324, extraction M6) have identical COI haplotypes, whereas the divergence between their 28S sequences is in the range expected between distinct species (from comparison with other species in this complex) (fig. 1 in Verheye et al. 2016a as Epimeria SI5).Additional data would be needed to explain this discrepancy.As morphologically, the specimens from the Adélie Coast cannot be distinguished from the remaining E. colemani , they are provisionally considered as conspecifics.

Figures

Fig. 17. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov., presumably ♀♀, paratypes, lateral habitus, colour in life. A. Bransfield Strait, ANT-XXIX/3, stn 193-8, RBINS, INV. 132976. B. Bransfield Strait, ANT-XXIX/3, stn 217-6, RBINS, INV. 122922A.

Fig. 18. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov., A, C. ♀, holotype, adult, Bransfield Strait, ANT-XXIX/3, stn 196-8, RBINS, INV. 122942. B. Paratype (juvenile), eastern Weddell Sea, ANT-XXVII/8, stn 265-2. D. ♀, paratype (adult), eastern Weddell Sea, ANT-XXVII/8, stn 265-2, RBINS, INV. 132965.

Fig. 19. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov., A. ♀, holotype, Bransfield Strait, ANT- XXIX/3, stn 196-8, RBINS, INV. 122942, head and antennae in frontal view. B. ♀, paratype, adult, eastern Weddell Sea, ANT-XXVII/8, stn 265-2, RBINS, INV. 132965, anterior half in dorsal view.

Fig. 20. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov., ♀, holotype, Bransfield Strait, ANT- XXIX/3, stn 196-8, RBINS, INV. 122942, anterior half in dorsal view. A. Anterior half. B. Posterior half.

Fig. 21. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov., A, B. ♀, holotype, Bransfield Strait, ANT-XXIX/3, stn 196-8, RBINS, INV. 122942. C. ♀, paratype, eastern Weddell Sea, ANT-XXVII/8, stn 265-2, RBINS, INV. 132965. A. Coxa 7 and posterior half of coxa 6. B. Pleon. C. Dorsal process of urosomite 1 and lateral profile or urosomite 2.

Fig. 22. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov. A. ♀, paratype, eastern Weddell Sea, ANT-XXVII/8, stn 265-2, RBINS, INV. 132965. B, C. ♀ holotype, Bransfield Strait, ANT-XXIX/3, stn 196-8, RBINS, INV. 122942. A. Head in lateral view. B. Urosome in dorsal view. C. Telson.

Fig. 23. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov., ♀, paratype, eastern Weddell Sea, ANT- XXVII/8, stn 265-2, RBINS, INV. 132965. A. Gnathopod 1. B. Gnathopod 2.

Fig. 24. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov., ♀, paratype, eastern Weddell Sea, ANT-XXVII/8, stn 265-2, RBINS, INV. 132965. A. Pereiopod 4. B. Pereiopod 5. C. Pereiopod 6. D. Pereiopod 7.

Fig. 25. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov., adult ♀, Adélie Coast, CEAMARC 2724, MNHN-IU-2014-4337. A. Lateral habitus. B. Dorsal habitus.

Fig. 26. Epimeria (Drakepimeria) colemani subgen. et sp. nov., ♀, adult, Discovery Expedition 1902– 1904, Ross Sea, W.Q. [Winter Quarters — hole 12], paralectotype of Epimeria macrodonta, BMNH 1907.6.6.259-262 (in part). A. Lateral habitus. B. Dorsal habitus.