Hylomyrma, : Brown, 1953

Ulysséa, Mônica Antunes, 2021, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Hylomyrma Forel, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the description of fourteen new species, Zootaxa 5055 (1), pp. 1-137 : 12-18

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5055.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C00259C2-CB84-42EA-AB16-38DD47153DC6
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5589224
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A4D4F09-FFA3-FFB9-F0A5-F68CFA5AF92F
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Hylomyrma
status

Treatment

Key to species of Hylomyrma View in CoL based on workers

1. Propodeal lobe bidentate ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 )........................................................................ 2

- Propodeal lobe unidentate, dorsal region rounded ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ) ( Peru)................................ H. wachiperi n. sp.

2(1). Dorsal margin of petiole continuous, anterior surface of node not differentiated from anterior peduncle ( Fig. 4A–B View FIGURE 4 )....... 3

- Dorsal margin of petiole discontinuous, anterior surface of node differentiated from anterior peduncle ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 )......... 12

3(2). Dorsal margin of petiole strongly convex ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ).......................................................... 4

- Dorsal margin of petiole slightly convex ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 )........................................................... 6

4(3). Striae on dorsal surface of head with smooth crests ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ); mesosoma with a few elliptic and concentric striae; postetiolar dorsum and gaster smooth ( Brazil)............................................................. H. villemantae

- Striae on dorsal surface of head with punctuated appearance ( Fig. 5B–C View FIGURE 5 ); mesosoma longitudinally striate; postpetiolar dorsum and base of first gastral segment with longitudinal striae...................................................... 5

5(4). In lateral view, striae of mesosoma directed to propodeal spine ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ); petiole mesoventral surface armed with conspicuous spine; petiolar dorsum with transverse and longitudinal striae; subpostpetiolar process more prominent (SPP 0.13–0.14 mm) ( Guyana, French Guiana)............................................................... H. margaridae n. sp.

- In lateral view, striae of mesosoma directed to propodeal dorsum ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ); petiole mesoventral surface armed with inconspicuous subtriangular projection; petiolar dorsum entirely covered with transverse striae; subpostpetiolar process less prominent (SPP 0.11–0.12 mm) ( Guyana, Venezuela).................................................... H. peetersi n. sp.

6(3). Procoxa striae with variable thickness ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 ); postpetiolar dorsum predominantly smooth......................... 7

- Procoxa striae with uniform thickness ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 ); postpetiolar dorsum striate....................................... 8

7(6). Regular and irregular striae on mesosoma, interspaces between striae smooth; dorsal margin of mesosoma somewhat straight (mesosoma slightly flattened dorsally) ( Fig. 8A View FIGURE 8 ) ( Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama)........................... H. montana

- Mesosoma covered with irregular to vermicular striae of variable thickness, interspaces indistinguishable; dorsal margin of mesosoma notably convex ( Fig. 8B View FIGURE 8 ) ( Colombia, Ecuador)...................................... H. lispectorae n. sp.

8(6). Eye reniform ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 ); propodeal spine relatively short (PSL 0.21–0.24 mm) ( Costa Rica, Panama)..... H. jeronimae n. sp.

- Eye drop-shaped (anterior region narrower than posterior region) ( Fig. 9B View FIGURE 9 ); propodeal spine relatively long (PSL 0.25–0.58 mm)................................................................................................ 9

9(8). Subtriangular projection on mesoventral surface of petiole present (anterior to petiolar spiracle) ( Fig. 10A–B View FIGURE 10 ); subpostpetiolar process very prominent ( Fig. 10A View FIGURE 10 ) ( Brazil, Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname)............................. H. reginae View in CoL

- Subtriangular projection on ventral surface of petiole absent; subpostpetiolar process less prominent ( Fig. 10C–D View FIGURE 10 )....... 10

10(9). Integument predominantly subopaque, covered with very thin striae (microsculpture) superimposed on vermicular striae (macrosculpture), interspaces between striae indistinguishable ( Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, French Guiana, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela)................................................................. H. immanis View in CoL

- Integument shinier, covered with thick striae, interspaces distinguishable........................................ 11

11(9). Regular to irregular striae on mesosoma; transverse striae on petiolar dorsum; sternite of the first gastral segment with semicircular striae covering the midbasal and lateral regions ( Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador)........................ H. praepotens View in CoL

- Vermicular striae on mesosoma; petiolar dorsum mostly covered with irregular to vermicular striae; sternite of the first gastral segment with striation restricted to laterobasal region ( Colombia)......................................... H. sagax View in CoL

12(2). Antennal scape relatively long, surpassing the posterior margin of head in full-face view (SI 88.37–100 mm); vermicular striae on mesonotum ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 ).............................................................................. 13

- Antennal scape relatively short, never surpassing the posterior margin of head in full-face view (SI 65.16–81.81 mm); mesonotum striae variously shaped, but never vermicular........................................................... 14

13(12). Thick, dark and unbranched setae ( Fig. 11B View FIGURE 11 ) ( Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru).......... H. marielleae n. sp.

- Thin, light and branched setae ( Fig. 11C View FIGURE 11 ) ( Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela).................... H. longiscapa View in CoL

14(12). Interspaces between striae on mesosomal dorsum indistinguishable ( Fig. 12A View FIGURE 12 ).................................... 15

- Interspaces between striae on mesosomal dorsum smooth ( Fig. 12B View FIGURE 12 )............................................ 21

15(14). Mesonotal striae predominantly longitudinal ( Fig. 12A–B View FIGURE 12 )................................................... 16

- Mesonotal striae predominantly transverse ( Fig. 13A–C View FIGURE 13 )..................................................... 19

16(15). Body covered with conspicuous and branched setae, trifid ( Costa Rica).................................. H. plumosa

- Body mostly covered with thin and unbranched setae; if branched setae present, they are inconspicuous................ 17

17(16). Eye oval; metanotal groove distinguished by a slight depression; propodeal spine long (PSL 0.28–0.34 mm); postpetiolar dorsum with longitudinal, discontinuous and slightly curved striae ( Fig. 14A View FIGURE 14 ) ( Colombia, Ecuador).......................................................................... H. macielae n. sp. (in part; specimens from Leticia, Colombia)

- Eye reniform or drop-shaped; metanotal groove indistinct; propodeal spine short (PSL shorter than 0.27 mm); postpetiolar dorsum with longitudinal, continuous and regular striae ( Fig. 14B–C View FIGURE 14 )........................................... 18

18(17). Dorsal margin of mesonotum convex dorsally; propodeal spine slightly longer than the dorsal tooth of propodeal lobe (PSL 0.20–0.27 mm); striae length on first gastral segment similar to postpetiolar length ( Fig. 14B View FIGURE 14 ) ( Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela)......................... H. blandiens View in CoL

- Dorsal margin of mesonotum straight (mesonotum flattened dorsally); propodeal spine very short (PSL 0.15–0.16 mm), shorter than the dorsal tooth of propodeal lobe; striae length on first gastral segment shorter than postpetiolar length, restricted to basal region ( Fig. 14C View FIGURE 14 ) ( Panama).................................................................... H. dentiloba View in CoL

19(15). Striae on mesonotum predominantly straigh ( Fig. 13A View FIGURE 13 ) ( Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru).................. H. transversa View in CoL

- Striae on mesonotum semicircular ( Fig. 13B–C View FIGURE 13 )............................................................ 20

20(19). Eye midsize (MOD 0.21–0.24 mm), 13 facets at maximum diameter, drop-shaped; propodeal spine short (shorter than 2× the dorsal tooth of propodeal lobe); first half of petiolar node dorsum with semicircular striae, and second half with longitudinal striae; unbranched setae with sharp tip ( Colombia, Venezuela)........................................ H. columbica View in CoL

- Eye large (MOD 0.26–0.30 mm), 16–18 facets at maximum diameter, reniform; propodeal spine long (2× or longer than the dorsal tooth of propodeal lobe); dorsum of petiolar node with longitudinal striae; branched setae with lobed ends ( Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela).......................................................................... H. dolichops View in CoL

21(14). Head dorsum with vermicular to vermiculated-areolated striae ( Fig. 15A–B View FIGURE 15 ); postpetiolar dorsum and base of first gastral segment with anastomosed longitudinal striae................................................................ 22

- Head dorsum with longitudinal striae that are regular ( Fig. 15C View FIGURE 15 ), irregular ( Fig. 15D View FIGURE 15 ), or rugose ( Fig. 15E View FIGURE 15 ); postpetiolar dorsum and base of first gastral segment with longitudinal striae not anastomosed........................................ 23

22(21). Gena and laterodorsal region of head covered with very thin striae (microsculpture) superimposed on vermicular to vermiculated-areolated striae (macrosculpture); dorsal margin of mesosoma continuous (LV), metanotal groove indistinct; subpostpetiolar process weak and slightly convex ( Colombia, Ecuador)...................................... H. virginiae n. sp.

- Gena and laterodorsal region of head covered with very thin striae (microsculpture) between the vermicular to vermiculatedareolated striae; dorsal margin of mesosoma discontinuous (LV), metanotal groove distinguished by a slight depression (LV) and altered sculpture (DV); subpostpetiolar process prominent and subtriangular ( French Guiana).......... H. mitiae n. sp.

23(21). Striae on mesosoma rugose ( Fig. 16A View FIGURE 16 )................................................................... 24

- Striae on mesosoma regular ( Fig. 12B View FIGURE 12 ) or irregular ( Fig. 16B View FIGURE 16 )................................................. 29

24(23). Small to midsized ant (TL 4.28–5.23 mm, WL 1.08–1.40 mm); brownish body; propodeal spine longer than the dorsal tooth of propodeal lobe...................................................................................... 25

- Large-sized ant (TL 5.32–5.78 mm, WL 1.34–1.48 mm); black body; propodeal spine with length similar to the dorsal tooth of propodeal lobe ( Brazil)................................................................... H. primavesi n. sp.

25(24). Posterior surface of profemur mostly smooth; base of first gastral segment with short striae, shorter than postpetiole length 26

- Posterior surface of profemur with transverse striae; first gastral segment with long striae, similar to or longer than postpetiole length............................................................................................. 28

26(25). Dorsal margin of mesosoma continuous, without differentiated metanotal groove ( Fig. 16A View FIGURE 16 ) ( Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay).............................................................................................. H. balzani View in CoL

- Dorsal margin of mesosoma discontinuous, metanotal groove distinguishable by altered sculpture ( Fig. 17A–B View FIGURE 17 ) or a slight depression ( Fig. 17C View FIGURE 17 )................................................................................. 27

27(26). On side of head, thinner striae (microsculpture) occur between the thicker striae (macrosculpture); striae on petiolar node mostly transverse; striae on postpetiolar tergite regular and longitudinal, striae weakly marked on lateral and posterior regions ( Colombia)............................................................................ H. dandarae n. sp.

- On side of head, thinner striae are superimposed on thicker striae; striae on petiolar node mostly longitudinal; striae on postpetiolar tergite regular and longitudinal, striae well-marked ( Colombia, Ecuador)........................ H. macielae n. sp.

28(25). Metanotal groove distinguished by a depression; propodeal spine very long (PSL 0.32–0.37 mm), longer than 2× the dorsal tooth of propodeal lobe; dorsum of petiolar node with rugose striae ( Colombia)........................ H. mariae n. sp.

- Metanotal groove indistinct; propodeal spine short (PSL 0.22–0.26 mm), shorter than 2× the dorsal tooth of propodeal lobe; dorsum of petiolar node with irregular and transverse striae ( Bolivia)................................ H. adelae n. sp.

29(23) Longitudinal striae on head dorsum irregular and with variable thickness; striae on mesosomal dorsum irregular, interspaces in part smooth and in part with thin striation; longitudinal striae on first gastral tergite slightly shorter than postpetiolar length ( Fig. 18A View FIGURE 18 ) ( Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama)..................... H. versuta View in CoL

- Longitudinal striae on head dorsum regular ( Fig. 15C View FIGURE 15 ); striae on mesosomal dorsum regular to irregular, interspaces smooth ( Fig. 12B View FIGURE 12 ); longitudinal striae on first gastral tergite slightly shorter than 1 / 3 of postpetiolar length ( Fig. 18B View FIGURE 18 )............ 30

30(29). Striae between frontal carina (posterior to torulus) and eye margin irregular; in lateral view, mesosomal striae directed to propodeal dorsum; ventral surface of petiole smooth ( Brazil, Paraguay)...................................... H. reitteri View in CoL

- Striae between frontal carina and eye margin rugose; in lateral view, mesosomal striae directed to propodeal spine; ventral surface of petiole striate ( Brazil).............................................................. H. lopesi n. sp.