Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky, 1866)

Gomez, Demian F., Rabaglia, Robert J., Fairbanks, Katherine E. O. & Hulcr, Jiri, 2018, North American Xyleborini north of Mexico: a review and key to genera and species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae), ZooKeys 768, pp. 19-68 : 45-46

Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky, 1866) Fig. 19

Phloeotrogus crassiusculus Motschulsky, 1866.

Xyleborus semiopacus Eichhoff, 1878. Synonymy Wood 1969.

Xyleborus semigranosus Blandford, 1896. Synonymy Schedl 1959.

Xyleborus ebriosus Niisima, 1909. Synonymy Choo 1983.

Dryocoetes bengalensis Stebbing, 1908. Synonymy Beeson 1915.

Xyleborus mascarenus Hagedorn, 1908. Synonymy Eggers 1923.

Xyleborus okoumeensis Schedl, 1935. Synonymy Schedl 1959.

Xyleborus declivigranulatus Schedl, 1936. Synonymy Schedl 1959.

Type material.

Syntypes female; Ceylon; IZM.

Distribution.

Africa; Asia; Central America (introduced): Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama;, North America (introduced): Antilles, Canada: Ontario; United States: Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia; Oceania (introduced); South America (introduced): Argentina, Brazil, Fr. Guiana, Uruguay.

Notes.

A widely introduced species around the globe, X. crassiusculus has spread in the US along the lower Piedmont region and coastal plain to North Carolina, Louisiana, Florida, and beyond ( Atkinson et al. 2012). The first US record is based on a specimen collected in South Carolina in 1974 ( Anderson 1974, as Xyleborus semiopacus ). Distinguished by the confused declivital granules giving the declivity a dull appearance. Causes economic damage in nurseries and stored hardwood lumber ( Smith and Hulcr 2015).