Catherinum Zevina, 1978

Young, Paulo S., 2002, Revision of the Scalpellidae (Crustacea, Cirripedia) in the collection of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, France, studied by Abel Gruvel, Zoosystema 24 (2), pp. 309-345 : 318-321

Genus Catherinum Zevina, 1978

Catherinum recurvitergum (Gruvel, 1900) ( Figs 7-9 )

Scalpellum recurvitergum Gruvel, 1900a: 190 ; 1902a: 67, pl. 2, figs 3H, 21, 22; 1902c: 245; 1902d: 523; 1905: 49, fig. 54. — Weltner 1922: 72. — Nilsson- Cantell 1938: 8; 1955: 218. — Zevina 1976: 1155.

Scalpellum (Episcalpellum) recurvitergum – Broch 1924: 41.

Catherinum recurvitergum – Zevina 1978b: 1348, fig. 14; 1981a: 245, fig. 181. — Young 1998a: 40, figs 4, 5; 2001: 741, fig. 25.

TYPE MATERIAL. — SW of Azores, Talisman, 1883 , drag. 118, 3175 m, holotype by monotypy, cl (tl) 11.2 (14.2) mm ( MNHN Ci 402).

DIAGNOSIS. — Capitulum with 14 plates striated longitudinally. Inframedian-latus hourglass-shaped with umbo nearly central. Carino-latus about twice higher than wide. Rostro-latus trapezoidal, a little wider than high. Cirrus I with anterior ramus three quarters the length of posterior ramus. Median article of cirrus VI with four pairs of setae on anterior margin. Caudal appendage longer than protopodite.

DESCRIPTION

Capitulum ( Fig. 7A ) oval, length less than twice the width, carinal and occludent margins similarly curved. Plates striated, except by carina and most of tergum; with thin growth lines. Cuticle thin.

Tergum ( Fig. 7A ) with its surface area greater than scutum; without apicobasal ridge. Basal margin nearly straight. Carinal margin slightly convex at lower portion and concave near apex. Occludent margin convex. Apex acute, curved toward carina.

Scutum ( Fig. 7A ) with carinal portion with a large furrow in front of upper-latus apex and occludent portion regularly convex, with conspicuous apicobasal ridge; height about twice the greatest width. Basal margin straight. Tergal margin nearly straight, presenting a lid. Occludent margin accentually convex. Lateral margin convex, except for upper concavity, to accept apex of upper-latus. Apex slightly curved, superimposed on tergum.

Carina ( Fig. 7A, C ) arching regularly, wider at upper portion, with umbo apical. Tectum flat bordered by high lateral ridges, angularly flexed to laterals; basal margin nearly rounded.

Upper-latus ( Fig. 7A ) pentagonal with apex curved toward scutum, umbo subapical, projecting. Scutal margin largest, followed in size by tergal, carino-lateral, carinal and, the smallest rostro-lateral margins; scutal and carino- lateral margins concave; other margins almost straight.

Carino-latus ( Fig. 7A, C ) nearly pentagonal, about twice higher than wide, with umbo at carinal base, not projecting backward; curving regularly under carina. Carino-latera slightly interdigitating with one another below carina.

Inframedian-latus ( Fig. 7A ) hourglass-shaped, higher than wide, umbo nearly central and projected.

Rostro-latus ( Fig. 7A ) trapezoidal, little wider than high, with conspicuous apico-basal ridge; basal one half of distal margin, parallels, umbo not projecting backwards.

Rostrum ( Fig. 7B ) reduced, small, elongate, mostly situated bellow carino-latera.

Peduncle ( Fig. 7A ) with one quarter capitulum length, mostly covered by wide, large scales in an eight-plated pattern: sr-l-sc; rl-cl.

Labrum ( Fig. 8A ) bullate, with a series of about 35 teeth. Palp ( Fig. 8A ) long, thin, with simple setae on margins. Mandible ( Fig. 8B ) with three acute teeth, distance between first and second tooth 1.25 times distance between second and third; lower angle denticulate. Maxilla I ( Fig. 8C ) with anterior border nearly straight, having a shallow, medial notch; two large and two median strong spines above notch and four median spines below. Maxilla II ( Fig. 8D ) nearly rectangular, covered by numerous simple or finely pinnate setae; papilla of maxillary gland strongly pronounced.

Cirrus I ( Fig. 9A) with unequal rami, anterior ramus three quarters the length of posterior ramus; former with protuberant articles. Cirrus II to VI with equal, long rami. Median article of cirrus VI ( Fig. 9B) almost three times longer than wide, four pairs of simple or finely pinnate large setae on anterior margin; two to three setae on posterior angle. Setal-article ratio about 4:1. Caudal appendage ( Fig. 9C), with eight articles, 1.3 times longer than protopodite of cirrus VI; articles with long setae on distal margins, and cluster of simple setae on apex. Penis absent. Number of articles of cirri I-VI and caudal appendage is presented in Table 3.

REMARKS

The holotype shows an intermediate stage in the development of longitudinal ridges: the larger specimens have their plates with a greater number of longitudinal ridges ( Young 1998a: 40). This species was originally described from Azores region ( Gruvel 1900a) and posteriorly recorded from the West European and Iberian basins ( Young 1998a, 2001). The characters of the specimens taken after Gruvel agree with the holotype description. Furthermore, C. recurvitergum was recorded from Indian Ocean, near the coast of Somali by Weltner (1922) but he did not described or figured these specimens. This last record needs to be reevaluated. In the Atlantic, it was recorded from 34 to 44°N and from 2 to 36°W, between depths of 2900 and 4270 m.

Figures

FIG. 7. — Catherinum recurvitergum (Gruvel, 1900), holotype (MNHN Ci 402); A, right lateral view; B, rostral view; C, carinal view. Scale bars: A, 3 mm; B, C, 2 mm.

FIG. 8. — Catherinum recurvitergum (Gruvel, 1900), holotype (MNHN Ci 402); A, labrum and palp; B, mandible; C, maxilla I; D, maxilla II. Scale bars: A-C, 0.2 mm; D, 0.5 mm.