Eriococcus roboris Goux, 1931

Hodgson, Chris & Trencheva, Katia, 2008, A new species of Eriococcus (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) and redescriptions of Eriococcus roboris Goux and E. thymelaeae Newstead, with a key to the Eriococcus species on Quercus in the western Palaearctic, Zootaxa 1959 (1), pp. 1-38 : 2-12

Eriococcus roboris Goux, 1931 .

Eriococcus roboris Goux, 1931: 58 .

Nidularia roboris (Goux) : Lindinger, 1933: 116.

Acanthococcus roboris (Goux) : Borchsenius, 1949: 346.

Distribution. This species appears to be restricted to the western Palaearctic, as far East as about Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan ( Miller & Gimpel, 2000) and has been recorded off Fagaceae ( Castanea and Quercus spp ), Hippocastenaceae ( Aesculus sp. ) and Pterocaryaceae ( Pterocarya sp. ) ( Miller & Gimpel, 2000). However, it is possible that some of these records refer to E. melnikensis described as new below.

Material studied: Paratype: FRANCE, Courzien (Rhône), on Quercus robur , 30.vii.1927, L. Goux ( MNHN): 1/1adf in good condition (restained and remounted) .

Non-type: FRANCE, Biot. (A.M.), on Quercus pubescens , -. iv.1930, A. Balachowsky ( BMNH): 2/3adff, fair (one missing head). HUNGARY, Csopak, on Quercus sp. , 29.iii.1969, Kozár ( HNM), 1/7 2 nd ff + 3 2 nd mm, in fair poor; Bp. Adyliget, on Quercus gyökér , 5.ix.1998, Kozár ( HNM): 2/ 12 adff (poor) + 3 2 nd -instar ff, fair to good; Mátrafüred, on Quercus petreae , 26.iii.2003, Csóka ( HNM): 1/1 2nd-instar f, good; Bgs Ady- Liget, on Quercus sp. , 28.vi.2001, Kaydan ( HNM): 2/3 adff, fair to good. ITALY, Calvene, on Quercus pubescens , 9.x.1995, G. Pellizzari ( DEAE): 2/4 2nd ff, 2 2nd mm + 2 1st-instar nymphs, most in fair to good condition.

Adult female ( Fig. 1 ). Described from 6 specimens in fair to good condition from France plus comparison with others .

Unmounted material. Not seen.

Instar diagnosis. Rather large, 3.25–5 mm long; venter wider than dorsum — dorsum 1.7–3.5 mm widest, greatest total width 4.12 mm. More or less oval but slightly more pointed posteriorly. Anal lobes sclerotised, comparatively small; median plate triangular. Dorsum covered in truncate spinose setae; those along margin slightly larger. Dorsum also with numerous macrotubular ducts (of one size) and microtubular ducts (each with a divided dermal orifice); venter with macro- and microtubular ducts similar to those on dorsum, restricted to near margin; also with smaller macrotubular ducts present posteriorly on venter of abdomen and metathorax; quinquelocular pores abundant on abdomen, less frequent more anteriorly; cruciform pores present submarginally, mainly in groups on anterior abdominal segments and thorax. Legs relatively small but normally developed; metacoxae without pores but with spicules; claws with a strong denticle. Antennae 7 or 8 segmented, with setae on all segments; frontal lobes present but obscure on available specimens.

Dorsum. Derm membranous. Dorsal setae all spinose, of approximately one size, each with a truncate apex, narrowing slightly, with a narrow basal socket; each 17–45 µm long, longer on margin; present throughout although in distinct segmental bands on abdomen; with 1–3 on abdominal segment VIII, 14–29 on VII, 27–32 on VI, and 33–38 on V. Dorsal pores absent. Dorsal ducts of two types: (i) macrotubular ducts, each quite large, outer ductule broad, about 17–25 µm long; cup-shaped invagination well developed and symmetrical; inner ductule narrow, widening towards distal end, length about 20–25 µm; present throughout and about as abundant as dorsal spinose setae (with 2 on abdominal segment VIII, about 21 on VII, 27 on VI and 36 on V), and (ii) microtubular ducts, each small, dark and narrow, outer ductule about 8–12 µm long, with an inner dark line, and a small, bulbous inner ductule; dermal orifice oval, bifid when seen from side and triangular when seen end on; present throughout (also on dorsal surface of each anal lobe); about as abundant a macrotubular ducts. Anal lobes sclerotised throughout, finger like, each about 103–135 µm long, 58–66 µm wide; inner margins slightly serrated or nodulated; dorsal surface with 3 truncate setae and a long apical seta: anterior inner margin seta about 45–52 µm long; posterior inner margin seta about 54–68 µm long; outer margin seta about 46–60 µm long; apical setose seta about 240–330 µm long. Median plate triangular, with many nodulations; about 50 µm long and 65 µm wide. Anal ring with 4 pairs of long setae, each about 125–150 µm long; with outer row of cone-shaped pores .

Margin. Not demarcated but probably represented by longer truncate spines, similar but larger than those dorsally, each 30–60 µm long; most abdominal segments with 4 (or 5) on each side.

Venter. Membranous throughout apart from anal lobes which are sclerotised; with a short, sclerotised bar extending anterolaterally from base of basal setae; bar about 50–54 µm long. Ventral setae: with a group of about 4–6 truncate spinose setae plus 4 sharply pointed spinose setae near anterior margin of head; remaining setae mainly setose, most abundant anteriorly between antennae and clypeolabral shield (with about 12–15 pairs of flagellate setae anterior to clypeolabral shield), and medially on posterior 5 or 6 abdominal segments (no. setae across each segment: II 16 , III 18 , IV 23–25 , V about 20, VI 16–18 , and VII 10–13 ); longest up to about 95–125 µm long; also with sparse groups mesad to each coxa; submarginal setae shorter (each about 25 (posteriorly)–60 (anteriorly) µm long), sharply pointed and more spinose, especially on thorax and head; in a sparse submarginal band 1 or 2 setae wide along head and thorax margins and with 1 or 2 on each side of each abdominal segment. Ventral surface of each anal lobe with 2 setose setae: a single long seta near apex, about 110–160 µm long, and basal seta on outer margin 50–90 µm; suranal setae on either side of anal ring each about 90–150 µm long. Ventral pores of three types: (i) quinquelocular pores, each about 5 µm wide; abundant in segmental bands on posterior abdominal segments, becoming less abundant anteriorly and only sparse medially on thorax and head; also present sparsely in a submarginal band and associated with each spiracle; (ii) cruciform pores, each oval, about 5 µm long, and 3 µm wide, appearing to have a partially bilocular pore; in large submarginal groups on meso- and metathorax, and on abdominal segments I and II, and with small groups on abdominal segments III & IV; scarce or absent along head submargin, and absent medially on head; and (iii) a small preantennal pore (1–2) present anterior to each scape. Ducts of 4 sizes present: (i) large macrotubular ducts similar to those on dorsum (each with cup-shaped invagination about 8–10 µm wide), present in a fairly broad submarginal band; (ii) slightly smaller macrotubular ducts, each with cup-shaped invagination about 7 µm wide, possibly restricted to posterior abdominal segments; (iii) small macrotubular ducts with an asymmetric cup-shaped invagination, each with outer ductule 15–18 µm long, 2.5–3.0 µm wide, inner ductule about 28 µm long: medially on abdominal segments as follows: abdominal segment VIII 0, VII 0–12, VI 7–24 , V 19–30 , IV 20–32 , III 17–20 and II 11–15 ; also with 2–4 anteriorly and posteriorly on metathorax; and (iv) microtubular ducts similar to those on dorsum, but restricted to a sparse marginal band .

Eyespots distinctly displaced ventrally from margin, each about 25–30 µm wide. Antennae each 7 or 8 segmented, each about 315–385 µm long; 7-segmented antennae with setae as follows: scape 4, pedicel 3 + a campaniform sensillum; III 2 long setae + 1 short seta; IV 2 long setae; V 1 fleshy seta; VI with 1 fleshy seta + 3 setose setae; and VII with 3 stout fleshy setae, 2 rather thin stiff setae and 4 stiff setose setae; 8-segmented antennae have segment IV without setae, apical 3 segments then remaining similar: apical seta each about 65–80 µm; each antenna with a small, membranous frontal lobes, each about 17–22 µm long and 14–18 µm wide but obscure on many specimens. Clypeolabral shield about 165–255 µm long; labium 210–250 µm long, 3 segmented: basal segment with 2 pairs of setae, middle segment with 1 or 2 pairs and apical segment with 5 pairs; length of stylet loop unknown. Spiracles quite small, width of peritremes: anterior about 38–46 µm, posterior 40–55 µm. Legs proportionately rather small; data for metathoracic legs: lengths (µm): coxa 136–170; trochanter + femur 200–245; tibia 115–145; tarsus 150–180; with few spinulae on anterior surface of procoxae but more on meso- and metacoxae; each coxa with 6 setae; each trochanter with 2 long setae (longest about 90–120 µm) + 1 or 2 short seta; each femur with 5 setae; each tibia with 2–4 setae, and each tarsus with 3–6 setae; tarsal campaniform sensillum present; tarsal digitules with relatively narrow apices and subequal to length of claw digitules; claw about 28–37 µm long, with a distinct denticle; claw digitules capitate and longer than claw. Vulva opening between segments VII and VIII, occasionally with a complex area of sclerotisation associated with opening.

Comment. For differences from E. melnikensis sp. nov., see under that species below. Whilst the material from Hungary was in poor condition, it had at least 15 small macrotubular ducts ventrally on one or more abdominal segments and is therefore beileved to be E. roboris .

Second-instar female ( Fig. 2 ). Described from three specimens in fair to good condition.

Unmounted material. Not seen.

Instar diagnosis. Small, oval but more pointed posteriorly; about 1.2–1.45 mm long; venter clearly wider than dorsum: dorsum 457–730 µm wide, total width of mounted specimens about 620–860 µm. Anal lobes sclerotised, comparatively large; median plate present. Dorsum with truncate spinose setae; those along margin slightly larger, those forming longitudinal rows submedially and medially on abdominal segments II–VII tending to be smaller. Dorsum also with numerous microtubular ducts (each dermal orifice with two large wing-like extensions); macrotubular ducts absent from both surfaces; quinquelocular pores absent from dorsum but frequent on venter. Cruciform pores present submarginally, in groups on anterior abdominal segments and meso- and metathorax. Legs comparatively well developed; claws with a strong denticle. Antennae 6 or 7 segmented, with well-developed frontal lobes.

Dorsum. Derm membranous. Dorsal setae all spinose, each with a truncated apex, narrowing slightly from a broad base; each with a narrow basal socket; of two sizes, most quite large, mainly 25–40 µm long, but with short setae of similar structure but only 7–18 µm long submedially on abdominal segments II–VII; those medially on segments II–VII also tending to be smaller; setae mainly in six longitudinal lines on abdomen (only 4 on VI and VII) but more randomly distributed on thorax and head. Dorsal pores absent. Dorsal microtubular ducts small, each with outer ductule about 7–8 µm long, dark and narrow, with an inner dark line; inner ductule thin, short, thread-like; dermal orifice oval, with two wing-like extensions; rather evenly distributed over dorsum, not apparently mainly associated with each dorsal seta, plus 1 or 2 on dorsal surface of each anal lobe. Anal lobes sclerotised throughout, finger like, each about 70–75 µm long, 50–55 µm wide; inner margins barely serrate; dorsal surface with 3 truncate setae and a long apical seta: anterior inner margin seta about 30–38 µm long; posterior inner margin seta about 46–50 µm long; outer margin seta about 38–52 µm long; apical setose seta about 195–225 µm long. Median plate tending towards triangular, with several lightly sclerotised projections along posterior margin; about 30 µm wide and 25 µm long. Anal ring with 3 pairs of long setae, each about 90–100 µm long.

Margin. Marked by longer truncate spinose setae, similar to but slightly larger than those dorsally, each about 38–50 µm long; most abdominal segments with 2 on each side.

Venter. Membranous. Ventral setae mainly setose but with a group of 6–8 truncate spinose setae anteriorly on head, similar in size to those on dorsum; with 4–6 pairs of long flagellate setae between antennae and clypeolabral shield (longest about 66–70 µm long); also medially on thoracic segments and with 1–3 on each side of abdominal segments II – VIII (no. setae across each segment: I 2, II 4 , III – VI 6 , and VII 2 ); also with submedial and submarginal short setae on most abdominal and thoracic segments, submarginal becoming more spinose anteriorly where up to 35 µm long. Ventral surface of each anal lobe with 1 setose seta, 66–100 µm long; suranal setae on either side of anal ring, each about 75–90 µm long. Preantennal pores: single pores present just anterior to each scape, each about 3 µm tall. Other ventral pores of two types: (i) quinquelocular pores, each about 4 µm wide, frequent throughout venter, and (ii) cruciform pores, each oval, about 3 µm long, distributed in submarginal groups, each group associated with a submedial seta; with (on each side): mesothorax 11–18, metathorax 7–14, abdominal segments I 8–14, II 4–9 , III 0–4 IV 0–1; absent along head submargin. Macrotubular absent. Microtubular ducts mainly absent, but with a very few present just ventral to margin .

Eyespots distinctly displaced ventrally from margin, each about 20–22 µm wide. Antennae each 6 or 7 segmented, about 185–225 µm long; setae when 6-segment: scape 4, pedicel 3 + a campaniform sensillum; segment III 2; IV 1 fleshy seta; V 1 fleshy seta + 3 setose setae; and VI with 3 stout fleshy setae + 6 or 7 other setae, mainly flagellate; when 7 segmented, segment III without setae, apical 4 segments otherwise similar. Frontal lobes present. Clypeolabral shield about 150–165 µm long; labium about 140–160 µm long, 3 segmented, basal segment with 2 pairs of setae, middle segment with 1 pair and apical segment with 4 pairs; length of stylet loop unknown. Spiracles quite small, width of peritremes each about 15–17 µm. Legs well developed; lengths metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 90–100; trochanter + femur 120–150; tibia 75–80; tarsus 110–120; with a few spinulae on anterior surface of all coxae; each coxa with 5 setae; trochanter 3 setae, longest about 60–75 µm; femur 5 setae; tibia with 4 setae and each tarsus with 6 or 7 setae; tarsal campaniform sensillum present; tarsal digitules with small capitate apices, slightly longer than claw; claw about 30 µm long, with a distinct denticle; claw digitules with small capitate apices, longer than claw.

Comment. The 2nd-instar female of E. roboris is very similar to that of E. melnikensis sp.n. described below but differs in: (i) being significantly larger in almost all measurements, (ii) having more quinquelocular pores throughout the venter, (iii) having many more cruciform pores submarginally on the venter, and (iv) in the number and distribution of the dorsal spinose setae on the thorax, with only 5 on the metathorax on E. roboris but 7 on E. melnikensis .

Second-instar male ( Fig. 3 ). Described from 1 specimen in good condition.

Instar diagnosis. Small, oval but more pointed posteriorly; about 1.4 mm long; venter clearly wider than dorsum: dorsum 510 µm wide, total width of mounted specimens about 650 µm. Anal lobes sclerotised, comparatively large; approximately rectangular median plate present. Dorsum with truncate spinose setae; those along margin slightly larger, those in longitudinal rows submedially and medially on abdominal segments II–VII distinctly smaller. Dorsum also with numerous microtubular ducts (each dermal orifice with two large wing-like extensions); macrotubular ducts present throughout dorsum and marginally on venter; quinquelocular pores absent from dorsum but frequent on venter. Cruciform pores present submarginally in groups on venter of anterior abdominal segments and thorax. Legs comparatively well developed; coxae without pores; claws with a strong denticle. Antennae 7 segmented, with well-developed frontal lobes.

Dorsum. Derm membranous. Dorsal setae all spinose, each with a truncated apex, narrowing slightly from a broad base; each with a narrow basal socket; of two sizes, most quite large, mainly 25–40 µm long, in four (on abdominal segments VI & VII) or six (on segments V–I) longitudinal lines but more randomly distributed anteriorly; with short setae of similar structure but only 10–18 µm long, present submedially on abdominal segments I–VII, and medially on segments II–VI. Dorsal pores absent. Dorsal microtubular ducts each small, with outer ductule about 7–8 µm long, dark and narrow, with an inner dark line; inner ductule thin, short, thread-like; dermal orifice oval, with two wing-like extensions; rather evenly distributed over dorsum, not apparently mainly associated with each dorsal seta, plus 1 or 2 on dorsal surface of each anal lobe. Dorsal macrotubular pores frequent, each with a membranous outer ductule about 15–18 µm long and 6–7 µm wide, with a well-developed, symmetrical cup-shaped invagination; inner ductule narrow; distributed fairly evenly over dorsum. Anal lobes sclerotised throughout, finger like, each about 60–66 µm long, 33–36 µm wide; inner margins slightly serrate; dorsal surface with 3 truncate setae and a long apical seta: anterior inner margin seta about 23–25 µm long; posterior inner margin seta about 38–42 µm long; outer margin seta about 38–40 µm long; apical setose seta about 180 µm long. Median plate more or less rectangular, about 32 µm wide and 25 µm long; with a total of about 16 small projections. Anal ring with 3 pairs of long setae, each about 80–88 µm long.

Margin. Marked by longer truncate spinose setae, similar to but slightly larger than those dorsally, each up to about 35–40 µm long; abdominal segments I–VII with 2 on each side.

Venter. Membranous. Ventral setae mainly setose but with a group of 6–8 truncate spinose setae anteriorly on head, similar in size to those on dorsum; longest anteriorly about 23–30 µm long; with 5 pairs of long flagellate setae between antennae and clypeolabral shield (longest about 65 µm long); medially on thoracic segments and with 2 or 3 on each side of abdominal segments II – VIII (no. setae across each segment: I 2, II 4 , III – VI 6 , and VII 2 ); also with submedial and submarginal short setae on most abdominal and thoracic segments, latter becoming more sharply spinose anteriorly and up to 25 µm long. Ventral surface of each anal lobe with 1 long setose seta, 60 µm long; each suranal seta on either side of anal ring about 53–58 µm long. Preantennal pores: single pores present just anterior to each scape, each about 3 µm tall. Ventral pores of two types: (i) quinquelocular pores, each about 4 µm wide, frequent throughout venter, and (ii) cruciform pores, each oval, about 3–3.5 µm long; in submarginal groups each associated with a submedial seta and a macrotubular duct, distributed on each side as follows: mesothorax 8 or 9; metathorax 7; abdominal segments I 6 or 7; II 4–6 ; III 3–6 and IV 1–4 ; absent along head submargin. Microtubular ducts absent. Macrotubular ducts of similar structure to those on dorsum, present in a narrow submarginal band (most ventral ducts sometimes slightly smaller) .

Eyespots distinctly displaced ventrally from margin, each about 17–20 µm wide. Antennae each 7 segmented, each about 170–190 µm long; setal distribution: scape 4, pedicel 3 + a campaniform sensillum; segment III 0, IV 2; V 1 fleshy seta; VI 1 fleshy seta + 3 setose setae; and VII with 3 stout fleshy setae + 6 or 7 other setae, mainly stiff setae; frontal lobes present. Clypeolabral shield about 133 µm long; labium about 115 µm long, 3 segmented, basal segment with (on each side) 2 setae, middle segment with 1 seta and apical segment with 4 setae; length of stylet loop unknown. Spiracles quite small, width of peritremes each about 13–15 µm. Legs well developed; lengths metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 93; trochanter + femur 138–140; tibia 80–82; tarsus 108–112; with a few spinulae on anterior surface of all coxae; each coxa with 5 setae; trochanter 3 setae, longest about 50–55 µm; femur 4 setae; tibia with 4 setae and each tarsus with 6 setae; tarsal campaniform sensillum present; tarsal digitules with small capitate apices, slightly longer than claw; claw about 25–26 µm long, with a distinct denticle; claw digitules with small capitate apices, longer than claw.

Comment. The 2nd-instar male is easily separable from the 2nd-instar female due to the presence of macrotubular ducts. The 2nd-instar male of E. roboris differs from those of E. melnikensis sp.n. described below in (i) being rather larger in almost all measurements, (ii) having more frequent quinquelocular pores ventrally, (iii) having more cruciform pores, and in (iv) the size and distribution of the dorsal spinose setae on the thorax.

First-instar nymph ( Fig. 4 ). Described from 2 specimens in good condition.

Instar diagnosis. Oval in outline, rather more pointed posteriorly, 750–850 µm long, dorsum 350–375 µm wide (venter wider); anal lobes short but with 3 pairs of quite sharply-pointed spinose setae dorsally in addition to long flagellate apical seta; median plate indicate by a small membranous outgrowth with perhaps 1 or 2 protuberances. Antennae 6 segmented; frontal lobes absent; dorsal microtubular ducts present, each outer orifice with two large wing-like extensions; quinquelocular pores present ventrally on head, thorax and abdomen; cruciform pores present submarginally on venter of thorax; marginal and dorsal setae all spinose and sharply pointed, each with a slightly swollen base; dorsal spinose setae in 4 longitudinal lines + marginal setae; claw with a well-developed denticle.

Dorsum. Derm membranous. Dorsal setae all quite sharply spinose, with pairs medially and submedially on most segments, of two sizes: mostly large (each 20–25 µm long) but with short setae (each mainly 5–10 µm long) medially on abdominal segments II–VI and submedially on abdominal segments II–VII; with only one pair of long setae medially on abdomen, on segment VII. Marginal setae similar to large spinose setae on dorsum, but perhaps a little larger, each mainly 20–28 µm long, with about 21 on each side. Dorsal microtubular ducts, each with a long dark outer ductule about 6–7 µm long and a large outer orifice with two wing-like extensions, sparsely distributed, submedially on abdomen (1 pair per segment) and submarginally and medially on thorax and head. Other pores absent. Anal lobes short, each about 30–33 µm long (to base of inner margin), more or less unsclerotised, with (on dorsal surface) two spinose setae on inner margin (anterior about 18–19 µm long, posterior about 36 µm long), a long flagellate apical seta about 175–180 µm long, and a spinose seta on outer margin about 30–33 µm long. Anal ring with 6 setae, each about 65–70 µm long.

Venter. Derm membranous. Setae: spinose setae, similar to those on dorsum but slightly smaller, in a group of 4 on anterior margin of head; long flagellate setae distributed as follows: with 3 pairs between antennae, longest about 38–40 µm; 1 associated with each meso- and metacoxa; and medially on abdominal segments II and III, and medially and submedially on abdominal segments IV–VII; short submedial and submarginal setae present on most thoracic and abdominal segments; suranal setae about 40–46 µm long; ventral seta on each anal lobe about 60 µm long. Preantennal pores: single pores present just anterior to each scape, each about 4 µm tall; frontal lobes absent. Quinquelocular pores few, each about 5 µm wide, present on head, thorax and medially/submedially on abdomen. Cruciform pores, each about 4–4.5 µm wide, present submarginally on thorax, with 3 between spiracles. Eyespots 12–14 µm wide.

Antennae 6 segmented, each 130–132 µm; scape with 4 setae, pedicel with 3 setae + campaniform sensillum, segment III with 2 flagellate setae, IV with 1 fleshy seta, V with 1 fleshy seta + 2 flagellate setae, and VI with 3 fleshy setae, and about 6 other setae, mainly flagellate. Clypeolabral shield about 90–110 µm long; labium about 96–103 µm long, with 7 pairs of setae, 2 on basal segment and 4 on apical segment; length of stylet loop unknown. Spiracles: width peritremes each about 6.5 µm. Metathoracic legs: lengths (µm): coxa 48–51; trochanter + femur 86–88; tibia 48–50; tarsus 70–72; claw 22; without spinulae on anterior surface of coxae; number of setae: coxa 4 or 5; trochanter 3 (longest about 36 µm); femur 4; tibia 3 (tibial spurs not differentiated); tarsus 6. Tarsal digitules both capitate and longer than claw; claw digitules slightly longer than claw and both slightly capitate; claw with a distinct denticle near tip.

Comment. The first-instar nymphs of E. roboris are very similar to those of E. melnikensis described below but differ in having (character-states on E. melnikensis in brackets): (i) almost sharply-pointed apices to dorsal spinose setae (definitely truncate), and (ii) only one pair of large dorsal spinose setae medially on the posterior end of the abdomen (2 pairs). In addition, most measurements on E. roboris are slightly larger, particularly lengths of dorsal spinose setae. It also differs from the first-instar nymph of E. aceris in having large and small spinose setae in median band on abdomen – those on E. aceris are all large.

Also available was a slide with 10 1 st -instar nymphs labelled: Eriococcus roboris ?, Hungary, Bátorliget, on Quercus sp. , 15.vi.1989, C.P. Malumphy & F. Kozár (BMNH). These are very similar to those of E. roboris and E. melnikensis except that the abdominal median setae, which are small on these latter two species, are significantly larger. Nonetheless, the most posterior pair is still noticeably the largest and so they may be E. roboris .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Adult female Eriococcus roboris Goux. On this and the following figures, the letters refer to the following structures unless otherwise stated: A = large dorsal spinose seta; B = dorsal microtubular duct; C = small dorsal spinose setae; D = dorsal macrotubular duct; E = median plate; F = anal ring; G = dorsal view of anal lobes; H = ventral view of anal lobes; J = ventral spinose seta; K & K1 = quinquelocular pore; K2 = trilocular pore; L = cruciform pore; M = preantennal pore; N = claw; P = vulva opening; Q = antenna; R = large ventral macrotubular pore; S = medium sized ventral macrotubular pore; T = small ventral macrotubular pore; U = ventral submarginal seta; V = ventral seta; X = posterior view of metacoxa, Y = anterior view of metacoxa, and atp = frontal lobe, atub = frontal tubercle.

FIGURE 2. Second-instar female Eriococcus roboris Goux. For labels, see Fig. 1.

FIGURE 3. Second-instar male Eriococcus roboris Goux. For labels, see Fig. 1.

FIGURE 4. First-instar Eriococcus roboris Goux. For labels, see Fig. 1.