Lamprospora bulbiformis M.Vega & Janošík, 2021
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2021v42a6 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4402CB28-FFBD-F455-FC8E-FB54F026F800 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Lamprospora bulbiformis M.Vega & Janošík |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Lamprospora bulbiformis M.Vega & Janošík View in CoL , sp. nov.
MYCOBANK NUMBER. — MB835293.
ETYMOLOGY. — bulbiformis refers to the bulbous warts of the ascospore ornamentation.
DIAGNOSIS. — Lamprospora bulbiformis sp. nov. differs from other species of Lamprospora by its ascospores with an ornamentation of coarse bulbous warts together with an infection on the rhizoids of Fissidens viridulus (Sw. ex anon.) Wahlenb.
HOLOTYPE. — Portugal, Funchal (Madeira),Jardim Botânico da Madeira, 32°39’43”N, 16°53’43”W, 290 m alt., under trees in a mixed orchard. 17.XII.2014, leg. MV. Host: Fissidens viridulus , accompanying bryophytes: Leptophascum leptophyllum (Müll.Hal.) J.Guerra & M.J.Cano , Didymodon sp. (holotypus B 70 0100012, isotypus PO _ F 2128).
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Spain, Málaga (Málaga), Camino del Jardín Botánico, 36°45’41”N, 4°25’30”W, 60 m alt., on soil in a roadside ditch, 03. I.2017, leg. MV. Host: F. viridulus , accompanying mosses: Aloina sp. , Didymodon sp. (paratypus B 70 0100013).
MACROSCOPIC FEATURES ( Fig. 2 View FIG A-E)
Apothecia gregarious on soil among shoots of F. viridulus and other bryophytes, sessile, 0.5-1 mm in diameter, first spherical, becoming cup-shaped, finally discoid with an inconspicuous fimbriate margin; hymenium pale-orange to orange, margin and outer surface slightly paler than the hymenium; subiculum present, whitish en masse.
MICROSCOPIC FEATURES ( Figs 3-4 View FIG View FIG )
Asci
Straight, cylindrical, narrowing toward base, 180-310 × 18-23 µm, operculate, IKI-, arising from perforated croziers, 8-spored.
Spores
Uniseriate, hyaline, globose, (15)16-17(18) µm diam., with an excentric lipid drop 9-11 µm in diameter. Spore surface generally covered with isolated warts of different sizes, remaining space between the warts showing either no ornamentation or appearing slightly asperulate in SEM. Larger warts in side view mostly hemispherical, bulbous, knobbly and rarely acute; in face view rounded, oval, onion-shaped, dacryoid or pyriform, occasionally also elongated or confluent, rarely with subtle interconnections between warts. Larger warts wider than high, 2-4(6.5) µm wide and 1-2.5 µm high. Smaller warts usually ± hemispherical, 0.5-1(1.5) µm wide and 0.4-1 µm high.
Paraphyses
Filiform, cylindrical, straight, 3.5-5.5 µm wide, multiseptate, at times branched at the base, with abundant orange carotenoid pigment, mostly in lipid bodies (LBs), carotenoids occasionally form larger crystals (iridescent in polarised light), pigment turns green in IKI, apical cell slightly thickened, 35-90 × 5-7 µm with colourless slightly refractive vacuolar bodies (VBs) of 1-3 µm in diameter.
Structure of the apothecium
Ectal excipulum consisting of a textura angularis-intricata of mostly thin-walled cells 10-30 × 7-20 µm, cells of the outer edge thick-walled, with cell walls 1.5-2.5 µm thick. Medullary excipulum consisting of a textura intricata with thin-walled cells 14-40 × 6-10 µm. Margin consisting of a textura porrecta with cells 22-54 × 5-12 µm. Subiculum with numerous hyaline septate anchoring hyphae.
INFECTION ( Fig. 8A, B View FIG )
Lamprospora bulbiformis sp. nov. infects the rhizoids of the moss Fissidens viridulus ; no growth modifications of the infected cells were observed. An infection structure consists, as in all other bryophilous Pezizales , of appressorium, infection peg and haustorium. The ellipsoid appressoria are 20-43 × 10-25 µm in side-view and are single-celled or sometimes with a thin septum. They are mostly free and not covered by accompanying hyphae. From the appressorium an infection peg grows through the rhizoid wall forming a ramified haustorium inside the host cell. The penetration point is surrounded by a circular thickening of the rhizoid cell wall.
HABITAT AND OCCURRENCE ( Fig. 2F View FIG )
The site of the Portuguese holotype collection is situated in the ‘Plantas Agro-Industriais’-section of Funchal’s Jardim Botânico da Madeira in a mixed orchard of mainly tropical and subtropical fruit trees. Apothecia grew below them on soil among different mosses.
The Spanish locality is a roadside-ditch with pioneer mosses alongside the road leading to Málaga’s botanical garden Jardín Botánico-Histórico La Concepción. Several plants of the host moss near the apothecia showed brown leaves, suggesting the host could be weakened by the infection.
Fissidens viridulus grows on basic to slightly acidic soil in mostly open situations such as banks, grasslands, amongst rocks and also in woodlands. It has a wide-temperate circumpolar distribution occurring in most of Europe, Macaronesia, Africa, Asia, North and Central America as well as in Australia ( Smith 2004; Ros et al. 2013). In North America it was synonymized with F. bryoides Hedw. View in CoL ( Pursell 2007) but most European floras treat it as distinct species, a concept supported by sequencing results ( Hassel et al. 2013).
| MV |
University of Montana Museum |
| B |
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet |
| PO |
Collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences |
| F |
Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department |
| I |
"Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University |
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