Costalimada, Martin, 2011

Martin, Jon H., 2011, Description of a new genus and species of whitefly from Lafoensia pacari in Brazil (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae, Aleurodicinae), Zootaxa 2790, pp. 54-60 : 55

Costalimada gen. nov.

Type species: Costalimada brasiliensis sp. nov.

Diagnosis (puparium) ( Figs 1 , 2 ). [Characters of greatest diagnostic importance are given in bold.] Costalimada is characterised by the following combination of characters: outline evenly ovoid, generally widest at transverse moulting sutures; margin almost smooth ( Fig. 2 ); rays (leading mesad from margin into subdorsum) absent; a pair of anterior and a pair of posterior marginal setae present ( Fig. 1 ); 13 pairs of submarginal setae present (including the nominal caudal pair but excluding the posterior marginal setae); paired submedian thoracic setae present; at least some anterior abdominal segments each with a pair of submedian setae present; a pair of 8th abdominal setae present; dorsal disc sparsely provided with tiny simple pores of at least two types, one type being the notched type (see Martin, 2008b: 8); cephalic pair and 6 abdominal pairs of subdorsal compound pores present (on segments III–VIII, figs 1, 2), posteriormost 2 pairs not smaller than remainder; compound pores of two types ( Figs 1 , 2 ), large type each with an axial process extending slightly beyond pore pit; cicatrices present on thorax (scars of compound pores present in third-instar nymph); with 4 stout lingular setae clearly visible, lingular apex extending beyond cordate vasiform orifice. Ventrally, legs very large and each with an apical claw, and each middle and hind leg basally with a single fine seta; antennae long and reaching to at least middle legs.

Diagnosis (third-instar nymph) ( Fig. 5 ). With 2 pairs of thoracic compound pores and with 2 pairs of cicatrices (scars of compound pores in second-instar nymph); chaetotaxy as in puparium.

Etymology. This genus is named for Angelo Moreira da Costa Lima (1887 – 1964), who made significant contributions to the study of whiteflies in Brazil in the first half of the twentieth century ( Costa Lima, 1928, 1936, 1942a, 1942b) and whose descriptions and illustrations were a marked improvement on those of earlier authors.

Comments. There are two characters that are considered to distinguish Costalimada from other genera. The presence of submedian setal pairs on the anterior abdominal segments is apparently unique in the Aleurodicinae . This character is combined with a submarginal setal count of 13 pairs (including the caudal setae, an unusual total that precludes its accommodation within Aleurodicus or Austroaleurodicus as presently understood. If the puparia of the type species did not possess submedian setae on anterior abdominal segments, and had a submarginal setal count of 12 pairs, then it would probably be placed in Aleurodicus . Although the combination of large and small types of compound pores would be atypical for Aleurodicus , it remains to be seen whether this feature is a generic or a specific character.

The key to world genera of Aleurodicinae (Martin, 2008b) may be modified, as follows, to include Costalimada .

12 Lingula with 2 stout setae clearly visible, with a much smaller second pair occasionally visible under the highest magnification. With 6 pairs of very large abdominal compound pores, all similar in size (largest 0.08–0.10mm) and distinctly larger than the cephalic pair. Adults with 8-segmented antennae.................................. Aleuroctarthrus Martin, 2008b - Lingula with 4 stout setae. If with 6 pairs of abdominal compound pores that are all similar in size, then they are much smaller and are similar in size to the cephalic pair. All known adults with 7-segmented antennae.......................... 12A 12A Dorsal submedian setae present on at least some anterior abdominal segments. With 13 pairs of submarginal setae. Anterior marginal setae present................................................................ Costalimada gen. nov. - Without submedian dorsal setae on anterior abdominal segments. Usually with 12 or 15 pairs of submarginal setae....... 13

Figures

FIGURE 1. Costalimada brasiliensis sp. nov., puparium, line drawing.

FIGURE 2. Costalimada brasiliensis sp. nov., puparium, dorsum (montage photomicrograph).

FIGURES 3 – 5. Costalimada brasiliensis sp. nov. (3) Adult female, head pre-emergence individual to show pair of stout spines in relation to compound eye. (4) Adult female, abdomen to show positions and shapes of four pairs of wax plates. (5) Third-instar nymph, line drawing to show legs and vestigial antenna (ventral) in relation to thoracic compound pores (dorsal).