Coendou nycthemera ( Olfers, 1818 )

Voss, Robert S., 2011, Revisionary Notes on Neotropical Porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) 3. An Annotated Checklist of the Species of Coendou Lacépède, 1799, American Museum Novitates 2011 (3720), pp. 1-1 : 1-

Coendou nycthemera ( Olfers, 1818)

H [ystrix]. nycthemera Olfers, 1818: 211 ; type locality “ Brazil,” probably somewhere on the south (right) bank of the Amazon below Óbidos (Voss and Angermann, 1997).

Cercolabes nycthemera: Waterhouse, 1848: 417 (name combination).

Synetheres (Synetheres) nycthemera: Trouessart, 1881: 183 (name combination).

Coendu nycthemera: Trouessart, 1897: 622 (name combination).

Coendou (Sphiggurus) nycthemera: Tate, 1935: 307 (name combination).

Coendou (Coendou) nycthemera: Ellerman, 1940: 187 (name combination).

Coendou koopmani Handley and Pine, 1992: 238 ; type locality Belém , Pará, Brazil .

Coendou nycthemerae: Eisenberg and Redford, 1999: 450 (misspelling).

DISTRIBUTION: Specimens of Coendou nycthemera have been collected from the Rio Madeira eastward along the right (south) bank of the Amazon to Marajó Island in the Brazilian states of Amazonas and Pará ( Handley and Pine, 1992). Interviews with indigenous hunters suggest that the range of this species also extends into the adjacent Atlantic coastal watershed of Maranhão (Oliveira et al., 2007) .

REMARKS: The authorship of this species has often been misattributed; see Voss and Angermann (1997) for nomenclatural details. Olfers’ (1818) original Latin description of Coendou nycthemera is virtually useless, but detailed morphological descriptions were provided by Handley and Pine (1992), Emmons and Feer (1997), and Voss and Angermann (1997). This species has historically been confused with C. bicolor , a substantially larger western Amazonian species.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: See Voss and Angermann (1997).