Mustelus Linck, 1790

Ebert, David A., White, William T., Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Last, Peter R., Nakaya, Kazuhiro, Séret, Bernard, Straube, Nicolas, Naylor, Gavin J. P. & De Carvalho, Marcelo R., 2013, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of Taiwan, Zootaxa 3752 (1), pp. 279-386 : 324-325

Genus Mustelus Linck, 1790

Smoothhounds / ȇḛé

Mustelus Linck, 1790: 31 . Type species: Squalus mustelus Linnaeus, 1758 , by subsequent designation by the ICZN (Opinion 93: 1925:5).

Mustelus griseus Pietschmann, 1908

Spotless Smoothhound / Dzȇḛ

Mustelus griseus Pietschmann, 1908: 132 . Holotype: NMW 85501, Japan.

Local synonymy: Galeorhinus kanekonis: Nakamura, 1936: 39 , pl. 16, fig. 1. Mustelus griseus: Wang & Chen, 1981: 25 ; Wang & Chen, 1982: 1; Shen, 1984a: 58, fig.; Chen & Yu, 1986: 132; Chen & Joung, 1993: 58, pl. 6 (fig. 7); Chen, 2004: 21; Shao et al., 2008: 236; Shen & Wu, 2011: 66, fig. Mustelus kanekonis: Chen, 1948: 31 ; Chen, 1956: 19; Teng, 1962: 103; Chen, 1963: 48, fig. 13 (THUP 0001); Chen & Yu, 1986: 132.

Taiwan voucher material: (15 spec.) NMMB-P 4698-1 (1 of 4 spec.), Penhu, 8 Jul 1967 ; NMMB-P 6435 , Keelung, 11 Oct 1959 ; NMMB-P 6494 , Dong-gang , 20 Apr 1962 ; NMMB-P 15771 , 24 Apr 2011 ; CSIRO H 6294-29 , 2 embryos 244 and 246 mm TL, Da-xi, 23 May 2005 ; CAS 235413 , female 650 mm TL , CSIRO H 6295-17 , adult male 675 mm TL , CSIRO H 6295-18 , female 654 mm TL , CSIRO H 6295-19 , female 685 mm TL , UF 159312, female 685 mm TL, Da-xi, 24 May 2005 ; CSIRO H 7397-03 (tissue accession GN10072 ), female 580 mm TL, Daxi, 15 Mar 2012 ; CAS 236068 (tissue accession GN9888 ), male 656 mm TL, Wu-chi, Taichong, 10 Mar 2012 ; NMMB-P HO-224 (tissue accession GN10111 ), female 919 mm TL, 22°26'N, 120°30'E, Dong-gang, 19 Mar 2012 ; NMMB-P HO-277 , female, 923 mm TL, 22°26'N, 120°30'E, Dong-gang, 21 Mar 2012 .

Remarks: Common in Taiwan, particularly off northwestern Taiwan.

Conservation status: Data Deficient.

Mustelus manazo Bleeker, 1855

Starspotted Smoothhound / Êȇḛ

Mustelus manazo Bleeker, 1855: 126 . Syntypes (3): RMNH 7396 , 350– 460 mm TL, Nagasaki, Japan.

Local synonymy: Galeorhinus manazo: Nakamura, 1936: 38 , pl. 9, fig. 2. Mustelus griseus: Liang, 1951: 3 ; Chen, 1956: 19; Chu, 1957: 14 (Penghu Islands); Teng, 1962, 103. Mustelus manazo: Matsubara, 1936b: 62 , fig. 44; Chen, 1948: 31; Chen, 1956: 19; Teng, 1962: 102, fig. 27 (Keelung); Chen, 1963: 46, fig. 12 (THUP 0972); Shen, 1984a: 58, fig.; Chen & Yu, 1986: 132; Chen & Joung, 1993: 58, pl. 6 (fig. 8); Shao et al., 1993: 133; Yamaguchi et al., 1998: 732; Yamaguchi & Taniuchi, 2000: 1039; Yamaguchi et al., 2000: 221; Chen et al., 2001; Yamaguchi et al., 2003: 337; White & Last, 2008: 194; Shen & Wu, 2011: 66.

Taiwan voucher material: (28 spec.) FRIP 00706 (2 of 3 spec.) ; NMMB-P 3228 ; NMMB-P 4698-2 (1 of 4 spec.), Penhu, 8 Jul 1967 ; NMMB-P 6440 , Penhu , 20 Jan 1961 ; NMMB-P 6449 , Keelung, 18 Dec 1960 ; NMMB-P 6450 , Taichong , 18 Jan 1962 ; CSIRO H 6292-23 , female 506 mm TL, Da-xi, 21 May 2005 ; CSIRO H 6293-33 , adult male 723 mm TL , CSIRO H 6293-34 , adult male 616 mm TL , CSIRO H 6293-35 , adult male 707 mm TL , CSIRO H 6293-32 , juvenile male 513 mm TL, Da-xi, 22 May 2005 ; CAS uncatalogued (TAI-148), adult male 668 mm TL, CSIRO H 6294-28 , embryo 275 mm TL , CSIRO H 6294-29 , 2 embryos 244 and 246 mm TL , CSIRO H 6294-32 , female 867 mm TL , UF 159311-1 , adult male 706 mm TL , UF 159311-2 , adult male 765 mm TL, Da-xi, 23 May 2005 ; NMMB-P 12205 , NMMB-P 12206 , Da-xi , 22 Jan 2010 ; MNHN 2013-0512 (tissue accession GN9915 ), female 459 mm TL , MNHN 2013-0513 (tissue accession GN9916 ), female 508 mm TL, Da-xi, 13 Mar 2012 ; HUMZ 213812 , juvenile male 525 mm TL , HUMZ 213813 (tissue accession GN10043 ), juvenile male 468 mm TL , AMNH 258162 , female 387 mm TL , CAS 236069 (tissue accession GN10043 ), juvenile male 387 mm TL, Da-xi, 14 Mar 2012 ; HUMZ 213814 , female 575 mm TL , MNHN 2013-0514 (tissue accession GN10071 ), adult male 650 mm TL, Da-xi, 15 Mar 2012 .

Remarks: Very common bycatch in commercial bottom trawling and longlining fisheries, particularly off northeastern Taiwan. Population genetic studies have shown that the Taiwanese populations are separate from Japanese populations ( Chen et al., 2001); females and males in Taiwan are adult at a smaller size, at an earlier age and have a shorter life span than in Japan ( Yamaguchi et al., 1998, 2000). Juveniles often lack white spots and can be mistaken for M. griseus , but can be readily distinguished in having upper labial furrows distinctly longer than lowers, versus lower labial furrows longer in M. griseus .

Conservation status: Data Deficient.