Siphonorhinidae Cook, 1895

Wesener, Thomas, 2023, Madagascarhinus, a new genus of the family Siphonorhinidae with two new species from Madagascar (Diplopoda, Siphonophorida), Zootaxa 5278 (1), pp. 163-175 : 164

Family Siphonorhinidae Cook, 1895

Containing 12 species currently grouped in four genera ( Siphonorhinus , Illacme , Nematozonium and Kleruchus ), distributed in California, South Africa and southeastern Asia ( Jeekel 2001; Marek et al. 2016). A fifth monotypic genus was recently discovered in Chile, South America (Moritz & Parra-Gómez in press).

Placement of the new genus in the family Siphonorhinidae : The two species of the new genus are characterized by the head being pear-shaped, but not elongated or beak-like like in members of the Siphonophoridae .Antennomere 2 slender, longer than wide, as long as 3 and 4 combined (wide, usually wider than long in Siphonophoridae ), antennae elbowed between antennomeres 3 and 4 (antennae straight in Siphonophoridae ), antennomeres 5 and 6 apically with clusters of sensilla basiconica (sensilla basiconica in deep pits in Siphonophoridae ). Anterior margin of collum straight (emarginate in Siphonophoridae ). Posterior gonopods distal podomere deeply divided into at least two slender branches (variable in Siphonophoridae ).