Diochus schuelkei, Irmler, 2017

Irmler, Ulrich, 2017, A review of the Neotropical genus Diochus ERICHSON, 1840 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 67 (1), pp. 1-62 : 16-18

Diochus schuelkei spec. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4551D562-B65C-42EB-A4C5-5AA6F195F8D5

Figs 14A–C , 39A , 43A

Type material: male, Holotype: Costa Rica: 4 km S San Vito, Jardin Botanico Wilson (82°57.33'W, 8°47.05'N), compost heap, sifted, 8.12.2012, leg. M. Schülke ( MSC).

Paratypes: Guatemala: Zacapa, 3.5 km SE La Union (89°16.5'W, 14°57.3'N), 1600 m elevation, berlesate forest litter, female, 25.6.1993, leg. Anderson & Ashe #93-15E ( KNHM) ; Nicaragua: Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé (-85.69664, 13.56675), 1400 m elevation, cloud forest, Malaise trap, female, 23.– 26.5.2011, LLAMA11 Ma-D-05-2-02 ( KNHM) ; Costa Rica: Alajuela Prov., Rd. Rio Cuarto> Sarchi , N-side (84°18.31'W, 10°12.31'N), dead wood and litter, sifted, female, 27.11.2013, leg. M. Schülke ( UIC) ; San José, Zuruqui de Moravia (84°1.0'W, 10°3.0'N), 1600 m elevation, flight intercept trap, 1 male, 1 female, 1.– 30.3.1996, leg. P. Hanson, #CR1H95-96 04 (1 KNHM, 1 UIC) ; Guanacaste, Guanacaste Conservation area, Patilla Field Station (85°25.33'W, 10°59.22'N), 1000 m elevation, cloud-wet montane forest transit., litter, female, 14.2.1996, leg. R. Anderson, #CR1A96 011D ( KNHM) ; same location, but 610 m elevation, collected by flight intercept trap, male, 13.– 15.7.2000, leg. R. Anderson, #CR1ABF00 135 ( KNHM) ; Heredia, Finca Murillo , 9 km NE Vara Blanca (84°06.06'W, 10°14.17'N), 1450–1550 m elevation, INBio- OET-Atlas transect, female, 14.– 20.2.2005, leg. R. Anderson #CRA105 007 ( KNHM) ; Vara Blanca , 1800– 2000 m elev, 1 male, 1 female, 1936, leg. A. Bierig ( FMNH) ; Cartago, P.N. Tapanti (83°49'W, 9°45'N), 1500 m elevation, forest litter, berlese, 1 female, 4.6.1997, leg. R. Anderson #CR1A97 001G ( KNHM) ; La Selva, Field Sta., Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, Rio Puerto Viejo , (83°59'W, 10°26'N), Berlese, epiphytic root fibers, cups, axils, 2 males, 1 female, 5.– 11.3.1973, leg. J. Wagner & J. Kethley ( FMNH) ; Cartago, Ref. Nac. de Fauna Silvestre Tapanti , 2.5 km E Station (83°46.82'W, 9°44.23'N), 1330 m elevation, collected by flight intercept trap, 2 females, 30.10.– 1.11.2001, leg. R. Brooks #CR1B01 16 ( KNHM) ; 10 km S Tapanati, Rio Grande de Orosi (83°47'W, 9°42'N), 1500 m elev., Berlese , litter conc. moss on logs and loam, male, 14.4.1973, leg. J. Wagner & J. Kethley ( FMNH) ; San José, La Hondura, Rio Claro (83°58'W, 10°3'N), 1150 m elev., Berlese, epiphyte duff on log next to Rio Claro , 1 male, 3 females, 5.4.1973, leg. J. Wagner & J. Kethley ( FMNH) ; same Prov. , 1 male, 2 females, 1935, 1936, 1937, leg. A. Bierig ( FMNH) ; Alajuela, E.B. San Ramón, R.B. San Ramón , 27 km N & 8 km W San Ramón (84°35.30'W, 10°13.30'N), 950 m elevation, forest litter, berlese, 1 male, 1 female, 15.6.1997, leg. R. Anderson #CR1A97 015B ( KNHM) ; same location, 810 m elevation, collected by flight intercept trap, 4 females, 8.7.2000, female collected from treefall litter, 7.7.2000, leg. J. Ashe, R. Books, Z. Falin, #CR1ABF00 084 ( KNHM) ; same location, wet montane forest litter, 1120 m elevation, female, 29.6.– 6.7.1999, leg. R. Anderson #CR1A99-109D ( KNHM) ; Alajuela, Rio Peñas Blancas (84°43'W, 10°19'N), wet forest, sifted litter, 800 m elevation, female, 27.4.1988, leg. J. Longino #2015-5 ( KNHM) ; same location, 875 m elevation, collected by flight intercept trap, 2 females, 19.5.1989, leg. J. Ashe, R. Brooks, R. Leschen, #267 ( KNHM) ; Puntarenas, Las Cruces, Biol. Sta., San Vito , 5 km SW (82°59.18'W, 8°46.59'N), 1425 m elevation, leaf litter, berlese, male, 22.6.1998, leg. R. Anderson #CR1A98 108 ( KNHM) ; same location, but (82°57.58'W, 8°47.14'N), 1330 m elevation, collected by flight intercept trap, female, 28.– 31.5.2004, leg. J.S. Ashe, Z. Falin, I. Hinojosa, #CR1AFH04 060 ( KNHM) ; same location, OTS station, 4700 ft. La Fila, Berlese , logmold, 2 males 2 females, 21.3.1973, leg. J. Wagner & J. Kethley ( FMNH) ; same location (82°58'W, 8°46'N), but 4000 ft., Berlese , forest floor litter on slope dry, male, 16.3.1973, leg. J. Wagner & J. Kethley ( FMNH) ; San Vito, Est., Biol. Las Alturas , 1500 m elevation, female, May 1992, leg. P. Hanson ( UIC) ; Puntarenas, Monte Verde , 1570 m elevation, leaf & bark litter, female, 11.5.1989, leg. J. Ashe, R. Brooks, R. Leschen #142 ( KNHM) ; Chitaría , female, 1943, leg. A. Bierig ( FMNH) ; La Caja, 2 females, 2.4.1940, leg. A. Bierig ( FMNH) ; La Estrella, male, 24.10.1941, leg. A. Bierig ( FMNH) ; Panama: Chiriqui, 5.6 km N Boquete, La Culebra Trail (82°25.18'W, 8°49.23'N), 1800 m elevation, cloud forest litter, male, 15.6.1996, leg. R. Anderson, #PAN2A96 96-131A ( KNHM) ; 5.7 km N Boquete (82°26.0'W, 8°48.0'N), 1500 m elevation, oak forest litter, 2 females, 19.6.1995, leg. R. Anderson, #PAN2A95 35C (1 KNHM, 1 UIC) ; Chiriqui, 20 km N Gualaca, Finca La Suiza (82°12'W, 8°39'N), 1450–1600 m elevation, oak forest litter, 2 females, 11.7.1995, leg. R. Anderson #PAN2A95 18B ( KNHM) ; Coclé , 7.2 km NE El Cope (80°35'W, 8°37'N), 750 m elevation, forest litter, berlese, male, 7.7.1995, leg. R. Anderson #PAN2A95 07 ( KNHM) ; Coclé , 7.2 km NE Copé (8°37'N, 80°35'W), 730 m elev., flight intecept trap, female, 20.5.– 7.6.1995, leg. J. Ashe & R. Brooks #140 ( KNHM) ; Chiriqui Prov., NW Volcan (8°49.16'N, 82°40.26'W), litter near stream, 1410 m elev., female, 17.5.2001, leg. L. Herman & W. Opitz ( AMNH) ; Qda. los Caidos, Cerro Colorado , 1200 m elev., litter at tree fern nr. water fall, litter small quebrada, buttressed tree, litter at log, 4 males, 4 females, 6.1.1981, leg. W. Suter (7 FMNH, 1 UIC) ; Finca Lerida, nr. Boquete , 5650 ft. elev., forest floor litter, 2 females, 14.3.1959, leg. H.S. Dybas ( FMNH) ; 24 km W El Hato del Volcan, 3800 ft. elev., Berlese , cloud forest litter, 2 males, 1 female, 26.– 27.6.1976, leg. A. Newton (2 FMNH, 1 UIC) ; 3.5 km E Escopeta (81°50'W, 8°34'N), 1856 m elev., Berlese, litter & root mat Cerro Bollo cloud forest, 1 male, 3 females, 13.6.1980, leg. J. Wagner ( FMNH) ; El Mirador, Finca Collins, nr. Boquete, 6000 ft. elev., Berlese , cloud forest litter, female, 25.6.1976, leg. A. Newton ( FMNH) ; Bocas del Toro, Almirante , floor litter, 1 male, 2 females, 27.3.1959, leg. H.S. Dybas ( FMNH) ; Cerro Colorado, Qda. , 3w, 1490 m elev., conc. of woody slash, small clearing, male, 11.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; trail to Cerro Colorado peak, 1475 m elev., litter at stump, 28.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; Cerro Colorado, Qda. Gato , 1345 m elev., log, fern trunk core on rdside, 2 females, 21.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; same location, but moss on strap fern rhizome, ecotonal slash and bamboo litter, 1290 m elev., 2 females, 17.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; same location, E side, 1175 m elev., gully litter, oak fringe, male, 27.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; same location, 1290 m elev., grassy ecotonal debris, female, 10.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; same location, but E side, 1175 m elev., epiphytes on mossy log, gully litter, oak fringe, 1 male, 3 females, 27.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; same location (W), Qda. lw., 1450 m elev., debris on forest slope, 8.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; same location, but 1290 m elev., butress tree hole, 14.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; same location, but Qda. 3w., litter along path on slope, male, 1490 m elev., 24.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; same location, but floor litter pocket nr. tree, 1 male, 1 female, 10.1.1981, leg. W. Suter ( FMNH) ; 25 km NNE San Felix (81°50'W, 8°34'N), Berlese, epiphytic soil-root mat on log Quebrada, Alicia cloud forest, 2 males, 1 female, 17.6.1980, leg. J. Wagner ( FMNH) ; pipeline road 1 km N jct. Fortuna / Chiriqui Grande road (82°10'W, 8°53'N), 300 m elev., tropical wet forest litter, sifting, female, 28.– 30.7.1987, leg. D.M. Olson ( FMNH) ; same location (82°13'W, 8°47'N), but 1250 m elev., Sandero Divisa , premontane rain forest litter, sifting, 2 females, 9.– 11.7.1987, leg. D.M. Olson ( FMNH) ; same location (82°11'W, 8°47'N), tropical wet forest litter, sifting, female, 16.– 18.7.1987, leg. D.M. Olson ( FMNH) ; Colombia: Valle del Cauca, PNN Farallones del Cali, Anchicaya (76°48'W, 3°26'N), 900 m elevation, Malaise , male, 3.– 17.7.2001, leg. S. Sarria #M2834 ( KNHM) ; same location, but Cgto. La Meseta (76°40'W, 3°34'N), 2200 m elevation, female, 27.8.– 10.9.2003, leg. S. Sarria, M. Losso #M4570 ( KNHM) ; Nariño, R.N. La Planada, Via Hondón (1°15'N, 78°15'W), 1930 m elev., Red. , female, 9.8.– 12.8.2004, leg. D. Arias #M4897 ( KNHM) ; Vaupés, Estación Biologica Mosiro- Itajura ( Caparú ) (1°4'S, 69°31'W), Igapo, Malaise trap, male, 1.– 9.2.2003, leg. J. Pinzón #M3637 ( KNHM) ; Ecuador: Zamora-Chinchipe, Rio Bambuscaro (78°59.0'W, 4°7.0'S), flight intercept trap, female, 26.– 4.7.1996, leg. P. Hibbs, #ECU1H96 001 ( KNHM) ; Pichincha, Macquipucuna Biological Station (0°7.12'N, 78°37.48'W), malaise trap, female, 24.2.– 2.3.1996, leg. P. Hibbs #ECU2H96008A ( KNHM) ; Sucumbios, Sacha Lodge (0.5°S, 76.6°W), 270 m elev., malaise trap, 2 females, 4.– 14.3.1994, leg. Hibbs ( KNHM) ; Pichincha, 17 km SE St. Domingo de Colorados, Tinalandia , foliage, 3000 ft. elev., 3 males, 4 females, 16.– 21.10.1988, leg. L. Herman (6 AMNH, 1 UIC) ; W of Alluriquin, Tinalandia , 2600– 2800 ft. elev., litter nr. stream, 3 females, 19.– 20.5.1993, leg. L. Herman #2724-2725 ( AMNH) ; 18–20 km NE Alluriquin, old Quito - Sto. Domingo rd. , litter, 4700– 4900 ft. elev., female, 21.10.1988, leg. L. Herman ( AMNH) ; Peru: Loreto Prov., Iquitos , 90 m elev., flight intercept trap, 1 male, 1 female, 9.5.1992, leg. J. Danoff- Berg ( KNHM) .

Diagnosis: D. schuelkei is one of the largest species of the genus Dichous. It is totally black with long narrow head. In particular, the characteristic shape of the paramere cannot be confused with other Diochus species.

Description: Length: 5.1 mm. Colouration: unicoloured black.

Head 0.76 mm long, 0.56 mm wide; slightly divergent to posterior margin; eyes not prominent; small; temples more than three times as long as eyes; EL: HL 0.21; temples divergent posteriad; PW: EW 1.15; posterior angles widely rounded; posterior margin convex; neck width less than one third of head’s width; setiferous punctation deep and moderately dense; adjacent to wide impunctate midline with longitudinal row of four to five punctures; posterior vertex with few setiferous punctures; laterad to medial rows two further irregular rows of about five punctures; transverse microsculpture weak, but distinct; surface slightly shiny.

Antenna nearly as long as head and half of pronotum combined; three basal antennomeres conical; first slightly thicker and longer than second and third antennomere; second and third antennomeres nearly twice as long as apical width; fourth antennomere slightly longer than wide; fifth approximately quadrate; following antennomeres one fourth wider than long; all antennomeres pubescent; basal antennomeres with few long setae.

Pronotum 0.85 mm long, 0.66 mm wide; sides parallel; anterior angles widely rounded; posterior angles slightly shorter rounded; lateral margin fine; in dorsal aspect, visible in posterior half; setiferous punctation deep and sparse; adjacent to impunctate midline with row of four punctures; interstice between first pair twice as wide as between two posterior pairs; irregular number of punctures laterad to medial row of punctures; ranging between four and five; along lateral margin several setiferous punctures; on disc with sparse micro-punctation; without microsculpture; surface polished.

Elytra 0.90 mm long, 0.90 mm wide; sides divergent to posterior angles; shoulders obtusely angulate; posterior angles obtuse; posterior margin slightly emarginate; setiferous punctation moderately dense and deep; on average, interstices between punctures as wide as diameter of punctures; weak coriaceous ground sculpture; surface less shiny than that of pronotum.

Abdomen densely pubescent.

Aedeagus with thick seminal vesical; slightly longer than half of total length of central lobe; basal inner duct looped; with funnel-like widening; ending in winged sclerotised forceps; apical filamentous duct with long coil; paramere projecting central lobe; continuously widened to apex; apex at outer side with long triangular process pointing to apex; slender apex with four long setae; shaft with numerous sensillae.

Spermatheca 0.83 mm long, 0.31 mm wide; bursa copulatrix in central position of elongate coiled duct; coiled duct oval; widest at middle; sides of each narrowed end nearly parallel; evenly rounded at both ends.

Etymology: The species name honours the collector Manfred Schülke, who extensively collected Staphylinidae in Costa Rica during several trips.

Figures

Figs 43: Fore-bodies of Diochus schuelkei (A), D. tricolor (B), D. vicinus (C), D. brooksi (D), D. ecuadoriensis E), D. maculicollis (F), D. mexicanus (G), D. peruvianus (H); scale bar: 0.5 mm.

Figs 14–17: Diochus inornatus-group: of D. schuelkei (14), D. hermani (15), D. amazonenis (16), D. hibbsi (17); aedeagus (A),

Fig. 39: Spermathecae of Diochus inornatus-group: D. schuelkei (A), D. plaumanni (B), D. tricolor (C), D. vicinus (D); Diochus maculicollis-group: D. brooksi (E), D. ecuadoriensis (F), D. maculicollis (G), D. pumilio (H), D. peruvianus (I), D. mexicanus (J), D. panamaensis (K); Diochus schaumii-group: D. angustiformis (L); scale bar: 0.1 mm.