Belisana xiuwen Wang, S. Li & Yao, 2024

Wang, Bing, Li, Jinglin, Li, Shuqiang & Yao, Zhiyuan, 2024, Nine new spider species of Belisana Thorell, 1898 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from karst caves, with a list of species of the genus from Guizhou, southwestern China, ZooKeys 1216, pp. 265-302 : 265-302

Belisana xiuwen Wang, S. Li & Yao sp. nov.

Figs 12 , 13 , 22 K, L , 25 A, B

Type material.

Holotype: China • ♂; Guizhou, Guiyang, Xiuwen County, Liutong Town, Daxing Village, Duobing Cave ; 27 ° 06.552 ' N, 106 ° 29.675 ' E; alt. 1035 m; 20 Apr. 2007; J. Liu & Y. Lin leg.; IZCAS - Ar 45214 . Paratypes: China • 3 ♀; same data as for holotype; IZCAS - Ar 45215 –17 .

Diagnosis.

The new species resembles B. yongcong sp. nov. (Figs 14 , 15 , 23 A, B , 25 C, D ) by having similar male chelicerae (tips of distal apophyses widely separated and pointing inwards; Fig. 13 D ), bulbal apophysis (hooked; Fig. 13 C ), and epigyne (epigynal pockets on lateral part of epigynal plate, epigynal plate posteriorly curved; Figs 13 A , 25 A ), but can be distinguished by procursus with distal spine (arrow 1 in Figs 12 C , 22 K vs absent) and without ventro-subdistal membranous lamella, prolatero-distal membranous lamella, and sclerotized dorso-subdistal apophysis (Figs 12 C , 22 K vs present), and by vulval pore plates long elliptic (3 × longer than wide, pp in Figs 13 B , 25 B vs curved and 9 ×).

Description.

Male (holotype): Total length 1.35 (1.48 with clypeus), prosoma 0.57 long, 0.59 wide, opisthosoma 0.78 long, 0.60 wide. Leg I: 10.06 (2.48, 0.21, 2.73, 3.36, 1.28), leg II: 6.94 (2.00, 0.22, 1.74, 2.18, 0.80), leg III: 5.08 (1.50, 0.20, 1.14, 1.64, 0.60), leg IV: 6.72 (1.94, 0.20, 1.72, 2.15, 0.71); tibia I L / d: 46. Eye interdistances and diameters: PME – PME 0.09, PME 0.05, PME – ALE 0.02. Sternum width / length: 0.45 / 0.40. Habitus as in Fig. 13 E, F . Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish, without marks; clypeus and sternum yellowish. Legs whitish, without darker rings. Opisthosoma yellowish, without spots. Thoracic furrow absent. Clypeus unmodified. Eye pigments indistinct. Chelicerae with pair of proximo-lateral apophyses (pa in Fig. 13 D ) and pair of curved distal apophyses (distance between tips: 0.30; da in Fig. 13 D ). Palp as in Fig. 12 A, B ; trochanter with ventral apophysis (as long as wide, arrow 1 in Fig. 12 B ); femur with retrolatero-proximal protrusion (arrow 2 in Fig. 12 B ); procursus simple, with distal spine (arrow 1 in Figs 12 C , 22 K ) and retrolateral membranous flap (f in Figs 12 D , 22 L ); bulb with hooked apophysis (ba in Fig. 13 C ) and simple embolus (e in Fig. 13 C ). Retrolateral trichobothria on tibia I at 6 % proximally; legs with short vertical setae on metatarsi; tarsus I with 15 distinct pseudosegments.

Female (paratype, IZCAS - Ar 45215 ): Similar to male, habitus as in Fig. 13 G, H . Total length 1.75 (1.85 with clypeus), prosoma 0.56 long, 0.59 wide, opisthosoma 1.19 long, 0.80 wide; tibia I: 2.19; tibia I L / d: 44. Eye interdistances and diameters: PME – PME 0.09, PME 0.05, PME – ALE 0.02. Sternum width / length: 0.44 / 0.38. Epigyne simple and flat, posteriorly curved, with pair of lateral pockets 0.33 apart (ep in Figs 13 A , 25 A ). Vulva with ridge-shaped anterior arch (aa in Figs 13 B , 25 B ) and pair of long elliptic pore plates (3 × longer than wide, pp in Figs 13 B , 25 B ).

Variation.

Tibia I in the other two female paratypes ( IZCAS - Ar 45216 –17): 2.10, 2.18.

Habitat.

The species was found in the dark zone inside the cave.

Distribution.

China (Guizhou, type locality; Fig. 1 ).

Etymology.

The specific name refers to the type locality; noun in apposition.

Figures

Figure 1. Distribution records of the Belisana species from Guizhou, China 1 Belisana bijie sp. nov. 2 B. daji Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 3 B. douqing Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 4 B. galeiformis Zhang & Peng, 2011 5 B. lii Chen, Yu & Guo, 2016 6 B. liupanshui sp. nov. 7 B. majiang sp. nov. 8 B. nayong sp. nov. 9 B. qixingguan sp. nov. 10 B. wangchengi Wang, Yao & Zhang, 2024 11 B. xishui Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 12 B. xiuwen sp. nov. 13 B. yanhe Chen, Zhang & Zhu, 2009 14 B. yongcong sp. nov. 15 B. yuhaoi Yang & Yao, 2023 16 B. zhangi Tong & Li, 2007 17 B. zhouxi sp. nov. 18 B. zunyi sp. nov.

Figure 12. Belisana xiuwen sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventral apophysis, arrow 2 points at retrolatero-proximal protrusion) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at distal spine D retrolateral view). Abbreviations: f = flap, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 (A, B); 0.02 (C, D).

Figure 13. Belisana xiuwen sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 (A – D); 0.50 (E – H).

Figure 14. Belisana yongcong sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventral apophysis, arrow 2 points at retrolatero-proximal protrusion) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventro-subdistal membranous lamella, arrow 2 points at prolatero-distal membranous lamella, arrow 3 points at sclerotized dorso-subdistal apophysis D retrolateral view). Abbreviations: b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, e = embolus, f = flap, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 (A, B); 0.02 (C, D).

Figure 15. Belisana yongcong sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 (A – D); 0.40 (E – H).

Figure 22. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (The arrows point at the same structures as those shown in the photos of each species) A, B Belisana bijie sp. nov. C, D B. liupanshui sp. nov. E, F B. majiang sp. nov. G, H B. nayong sp. nov. I, J B. qixingguan sp. nov. K, L B. xiuwen sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10.

Figure 23. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (The arrows point at the same structures as those shown in the photos of each species) A, B Belisana yongcong sp. nov. C, D B. zhangi Tong & Li, 2007 E, F B. zhouxi sp. nov. G, H B. zunyi sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10.

Figure 25. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana xiuwen sp. nov. C, D B. yongcong sp. nov. E, F B. zhangi Tong & Li, 2007 G, H B. zhouxi sp. nov. I, J B. zunyi sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10.