Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851

Lonsdale, Owen, 2021, Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states, ZooKeys 1051, pp. 1-481 : 1

Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy

Figs 814-818

Phytomyza Robinaldi Goureau, 1851: 142 ["Priority should … be accorded to R.-D. but a submission to the I.C.Z.N. will be required under Article 79(c) (1) of the 1985 code" ( Spencer and Martinez 1987)].

Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851: 404. Frost 1924: 82; Hendel 1935: 455; Frick 1959: 434; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 190; Černý 2018: 132; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88; Eiseman et al. 2019: 316; Papp and Černý 2020: 515; Černý et al. 2020: 218.

Phytomyza genualis Loew, 1869: 52. Frick 1957 [synonymy].

Phytomyza crassiseta (Zetterstedt). Misidentification, in part. Melander 1913: 271.

Phytomyza nannodes Hendel, 1935: 59. Spencer 1963a [synonymy].

Phytomyza biseriata Hering, 1936: 77. Spencer 1963a [synonymy].

Phytomyza plantaginicaulis Hering, 1944: 118. Spencer 1963a [synonymy].

Description.

Wing length 1.6-1.8 mm (♂), 1.9-2.3 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.5-2.9. Parafacial relatively pronounced when seen laterally; fronto-orbital plate slightly evident laterally, more so anteriorly; cheek evident, nearly 1/2 height of gena, continuing as ring around eye. First flagellomere well-developed, slightly longer than high with dorsal and ventral margins usually subparallel and anterodorsal margin more produced.

Chaetotaxy: One ori; two ors. Acrostichal setulae absent or several setulae present in two rows anteriorly. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly. Posterior notopleural seta and additional medial presutural supra-alar absent.

Colouration: Head mostly whitish yellow with frons between fronto-orbital plates yellower; small brown spot surrounding ocellar tubercle; first flagellomere black, pedicel and sometimes scape brownish towards base; posterolateral corner of frons brown to base of inner vertical seta, but not extending far laterally along margin of eye, leaving most of border around eye yellow; back of head dark brown, often with ventral margin yellowish and one pair of yellow spots dorsally lateral to tubercle; clypeus light brown to yellowish or brown; palpus dark yellow to light brown. Thorax dark brown with dense grey pruinosity, pruinosity more faintly present on rest of body, but only evident on pigmented regions. Halter white. Calypter entirely white. Legs brown with fore coxa (excluding base) and apex of femora yellow; sometimes base of tibiae narrowly yellow, usually on fore leg. Abdomen dark brown.

Genitalia: (Figs 814-818 ) Hypandrium short, rounded and stout with shallow apical process and narrow inner lobe with one pair of medial setae. Postgonite broad with curved ventral subapical process and one medial seta. Phallophorus flanked by one pair of narrow membranous plates that are only sclerotised at pointed apex. Basiphallus divided into several sclerites, including one pair of long diverging bars, several smaller, irregular, thinner interlocking dorsomedial plates, and several minute medial spinulae. Paraphallus C-shaped, distal 1/2 parallel to distiphallus. Long apical section of duct pigmented. Mesophallus indistinct. Distiphallus short, tubular, angled ventrally, length 2 × width. Ejaculatory apodeme very short with base produced to one side.

Hosts.

Plantaginaceae - Plantago spp.

Distribution.

Canada: BC*, ON, QC. USA: Widespread, including HI ( Sasakawa 1964). Algeria ( Černý 2018). Bermuda*. Europe, Cyprus, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Russia, Israel, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Canary Islands, Azores, Egypt, Tunisia, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Taiwan, Thailand ( Papp and Černý 2020; Černý and Merz 2006). Iran ( Hazini et al. 2013).

Type material.

Syntypes [ Phytomyza biseriata ]: Germany. Near Berlin (♂♀, ZMHU). [Not examined]

Holotype [ Phytomyza genualis ]: USA. DC: "Loew coll., Phytomyza genualis m." (1♀, MCZ; type No. 13430). [Not examined]

Syntypes [ Phytomyza nannodes ]: "Aus dem Jakutsk-Gebiet, Ost-Sibirien, aus Dyn-nan-yn, N.-Alashan, China und aus Japan, Misaki, Kiu-Shiu" (type data unknown, NMW). [Not examined]

Holotype [ Phytomyza plantaginicaulis ]: France. "La Baule, Loire inf." (♂♀, ZMHU). [Not examined]

Syntypes [ Phytomyza plantaginis ]: France [not given] ([type information not given], UMO?). [Not examined]

Holotype [ Robinaldi ]: France. [not given] ([type information not given], UMO?). [Not examined]

Material examined.

Australia. NSW: Bowral, 30.i.1961, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480142, CNC480145 (2♀, CNC). Bermuda. St. Georges, 28.i.1936, A.L. Melander (11♀, USNM). Canada. BC: Aiken, 12.vi.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480160 (1♀, CNC). England. Busk[?], Slough, "14/6 em. 27/6/39", ex. Plantago lanceolata , det. and coll. O.W. Richards (1♂, USNM), Berry Head, Brixham, 1.ix.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480173 (1♀, CNC), Devon, Newton Abbot, 22.vi.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480172 (1♀, CNC), Dor., Lyme Regis, 14.vi.1958, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480143 (1♀, CNC), Hampstead, 20.vi.1971, [K.A. Spencer], mine Plantago major em. 25.vi.1971, CNC480146 (1♂, CNC), S Devon, Hope, 17.ix.1954, [K.A. Spencer], Plantago major em. 11.x.1954, CNC480144 (1♀, CNC), Torquay, 17.vi.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480166, CNC480168, CNC480169 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), 25.vi.1960, CNC480170 (1♀, CNC), 30.vi.1960, CNC480167, CNC480171 (1♂ 1♀, CNC). Germany. Junsternheida, M. Hering, 30.vi.1922, Plantago major (1♂ 3♀, USNM), Berlin, 24.vi.1932, Hering, Plantago major (1?, USNM). New Zealand. Bay of Plenty: Coromandel, 26.xii.1974, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480140, CNC480141 (2♀, CNC), Rotoura, 13.xii.1974, [K.A. Spencer], mine Plantago , em. 16-20.xii.1974, CNC480137-480139 (3♀, CNC), Southland: Bluff, 24.i.1975, [K.A. Spencer], mine Plantago , em. 1.ii.1975, CNC480136 (1♀, CNC). Spain. Canary Islands: Tenerife, San Andreas, 14.ii.1963, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480135 (1♀, CNC), Extremadura: 23.1 km SW Talarrubias, Dense Patch of Flowers in Short Grassland, 38°52'N, 5°23'W, 430 m, 4.vi.2008, J. and R. Skevington, CNC311345, CNC311349 (2♂, CNC), Extremadura: 4 km NW Guadelupe, Along Creek in Oak Forest, 39°28'N, 5°22'W, 1027 m, 5.vi.2008, J. and R. Skevington, CNC287132, CNC287136, CNC287139, CNC287150, CNC287152, CNC287154 (3♂ 3♀, CNC), Extremadura: 5.7 km WSW Navalvillar de Ibor, Wet Meadow in Oak Forest, 39°35'N, 5°21'W, 1026 m, 5.vi.2008, J.andR. Skevington, CNC286150, CNC286195, CNC286202, CNC286247, CNC286254, CNC286289, CNC286299-286301, CNC286303 (5♂ 5♀, CNC). USA. AR: Hot Springs, 17.v.1979, K.A. Spencer (3♀, USNM), CA: Ukiah, 7.ix.1941, R.M. Bohart, ex. lawn grass (1♀, USNM), DC: Potomac Pk., 18.iv.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM), DE: Newark, 22.vi.1955 (1♀, UDCC), IN: Lafayette, 26.vii.1916, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Michigan City, 29.vi.1915 (4♀, USNM), GA: Pine Mt., 1mi N, 12.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC480149 (1♀, CNC), KS: Lawrence, 23.v.1934, M.W. Sanderson (2♀, USNM), MA: Concord, 27.vii.1961, marshy pond, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), MD: Cabin john, 20.vi.1916, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), Cabin John Bridge, “vi-6”, J.M. Aldrich (9♀, USNM), Beltsville, 3.vii.1926, W.L. McAtee (1♀, USNM), Glen Echo, J.M. Aldrich [no date] (14♀, USNM), 28.v.1919 (4♀, USNM), 29.v.1919 (25♀, USNM), Montgomery Co., Chevy Chase, "Woodend", 7.vi.1975, G.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), P.G. Co., Temple Hills 17.vii.1978, G.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), Baltimore Co., Soldiers Delight, 3 km N Deer Park, 29.x.1986, W.E. Steiner, J.M. Swearington and J.M. Hill (1♀, USNM), MI: Isle Royale, 3-7.viii.1936, C. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM), E Lansing, 29.v.1937, C. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), NC: Franklin, 609 m, 10.vi.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480152-480154 (3♀, CNC), 8.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480155-480159 (5♀, CNC), Highlands, 14.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC480148 (1♀, CNC), Highlands, 1158 m, 17.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480147 (1♂, CNC), Toxaway, 30.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC480150, CNC480151 (2♀, CNC), NY: Pocantico Hills, 22.vi.1935, C.W. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), Oswego Co., Pulaski, Hinman Rd., 30.viii.1997, sweep net, old field, 30.viii.1997 (1♀, UDCC). UT: Salt Lake, on Plantago lanceolata , P.H. Timberlake, [various dates]. vi.1914 (8♀, USNM), VA: Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 5.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Blacksburg, 640 m, 28.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480161, CNC480163, CNC480164 (3♀, CNC), 29.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480162 (1♀, CNC), Giles Co., Mountain Lake, 975 m, 28.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480165 (1♀, CNC), WA: Kamiac Butte, 1.vi.1912, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM). No locality data: Phyt. plantaginis ♂ det. Hendel (1♂, USNM).

Comments.

The missing hind notopleural seta, not previously noted for Phytomyza plantaginis , is highly diagnostic, and only otherwise found in North America in the Californian species P. minutissima Spencer. The latter is slightly smaller with only one ors, the head is anterodorsally projecting, and the phallus is small and membranous.

Figures

Figures 814 - 818. Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy, male genitalia 814 external genitalia, posterior 815 postgonite, lateral 816 hypandrium, ventral 817 phallus, ventral 818 phallus, left lateral.