Neophyllognathopus Galassi & De Laurentiis

Galassi, Diana M. P., Laurentiis, Paola De & Fiasca, Barbara, 2011, Systematics of the Phyllognathopodidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): re-examination of Phyllognathopus viguieri (Maupas, 1892) and Parbatocamptus jochenmartensi Dumont and Maas, 1988, proposal of a new genus for hyllognathopus bassoti Rouch, 1972, and description of a new species of Phyllognathopus, ZooKeys 104, pp. 1-65 : 14-16

Neophyllognathopus Galassi & De Laurentiis gen. n.

Diagnosis.

Phyllognathopodidae . Habitus slightly dorsoventrally flattened with no clear demarcation between prosome and urosome. Integumental dorsal window on cephalosome not confirmed. Integument without surface pits, moderately sclerotized. Ceph alosome rounded; rostrum elongate, clearly articulated to cephalosome. Cephalosome and both thoracic and abdominal somites with cuticular ornamentation represented by dorsal sensilla. First pedigerous somite free. Hyaline frills of cephalosome, somites bearing P1-P4 plain both dorsally and ventrally. P5-bearing somite with large paired pores laterodorsally. Sexual dimorphism in antennule, P5, P6, urosomal segmentation and ornamentation, and morphology of anal operculum. Female first and second abdominal somites fused forming the genital double-somite. Female urosomal segments with plain hyaline frills ventrally. Female genital apparatus simplified; copulatory pore located at the end of the proximal third of the genital double-somite. Seminal receptacles laterally located and condensed close to the lamellar sixth legs. Male urosome with different arrangement of hyaline frill ornamentations: urosome consisting of 6 segments, second urosomite with indented hyaline frill, third and fourth urosomites with deep ventral sockets; socket on third urosomite plicate, with smooth free distal margin, and 2 setules laterally inserted close to the socket opening; socket on fourth urosomite with free distal margin ornamented by strong and long spinules, covering the opening; fifth urosomite with indented hyaline frill. Anal somite with paired sensilla on dorsal side. Anal operculum protruding free distal margin of anal somite and extruded in strong spinular processes. Sexual dimorphism in the number of spinular processes of anal operculum (3 in females vs. 4 in males; and, in general, anal operculum in male more armed than in female). Caudal rami sub-quadrate, with incomplete setal pattern (6 setae). Dorsal seta inserted on distal third of caudal ramus. Antennule: 8-segmented in female, basically 9-segmented in male; geniculation between segments 7 and 8; penultimate and last segments, each with suture line marking original segmentation between former segments 8 and 9, and 10 and 11, respectively. Long tube-pores on segments 1 and 2 in both sexes. Antenna: armature of the second endopodal segment as in Phyllognathopus and Parbatocamptus , consisting of 10 elements. Exopod 1-segmented, with 3 lateral and 2 apical setae. Mandible: mandibular palp biramous, basis with inner spinule row, exopod with 1 apical and 1 inner setae; endopod with 1 inner, 1 subapical and 2 apical setae. Armature of maxillule and maxilla as in Phyllognathopus . Maxilliped: phyllopodial, lamelliform, 1-segmented. Clear trace of ancestral 2-segmented condition marked by the presence of outer and inner incisions as in Parbatocamptus . Armature consisting of 11 elements: 1 strong spine inserted at inner corner of former segment 1; 4 spines and 1 spiniform short seta inserted along inner margin, 5 bipinnate setae in apical position, armature topology basically referable to that of Parbatocamptus .

P1-P3 with 3-segmented exopods and endopods. P4 with 2-segmented exopod and endopod. P1-P3 praecoxa well developed. P1 exopod and endopod of about the same length; P2-P3 endopods shorter than exopods, reaching about tip of exp-2. P4 small - sized, praecoxa missing. Female P5: free, with clear articulation to P5-bearing somite; right and left legs distinct; baseoendopod and exopod coalescent, deep incision marking original segmentation between them; endopodal lobe well developed, elongate, longer than exopodal lobe, rectangular in shape, bearing 1 long pinnate seta, subdistally inserted, close to outer margin and a spinule row apically inserted. Exopodal lobe wide, fully incorporated into baseoendopod; exopodal armature consisting of 4 elements, the outermost bipinnate seta inserted in subdistal position, and three apical elements: 2 spinulose and 1 short setae; basipodal outer seta present. Female P6 rudimentary, each leg defined by a small cuticular lateral plate bearing a short, naked seta with rounded tip. Male P5: free, with clear articulation to P5-bearing somite; right and left legs separate, intercoxal sclerite rudimentary, but still discernible. Basis of each leg expanded, endopod strongly trasformed, consisting of a sclerotized and strong protrusion articulated to basis. Endopodal seta bipinnate, inserted on posterior surface of the endopod, close to its articulation to basis. Exopod distinct, clearly articulated to basis, wide and short, rectangular in shape, representing most part of the free distal margin of each leg; exopodal armature consisting of 6 elements, the innermost spiniform seta curved inward. Male P6: right and left legs distinct but closely adjacent to each other along their medial margin, and symmetrical; each leg consisting of a well developed lamellar plate, with spinule row on the anterior surface; armature consisting of 2 inner spines of different length and 1 outer seta.

Type species by monotypy.

Phyllognathopus bassoti Rouch, 1972 = Neophyllognathopus bassoti (Rouch, 1972), comb. n.

Etymology.

The genus name is derived from the type genus Phyllognathopus and the Latinised Greek prefix νέοσ which means “new”, referring to the new position of Phyllognathopus bassoti in the systematics of the family Phyllognathopodidae .