Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling) Keyserling, 2014

Piacentini, Luis N., 2014, A taxonomic review of the wolf spider genus Agalenocosa Mello-Leitão (Araneae, Lycosidae), Zootaxa 3790 (1), pp. 1-35 : 5-6

Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling) new combination

( Figs 2–7 , 8 a, 9, 10, 24a, 25)

Pirata velox Keyserling, 1891: 265 , pl. 10, f. 200; female holotype from Brazil, state of Rio Grande do Sul, von Ihering (NHM number 1870.7.1.2787), examined.

Agalenocosa singularis Mello-Leitão, 1944: 338 , f. 26–27; male and female from Argentina, Buenos Aires, General Guido (MLP 16010 and MLP 16011) examined. New synonymy.

Remarks. The catalogue of the type material available at the Museu Nacional (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) published by Silva Moreira et al. (2010) refers a vial of A. singularis from the type locality labelled as “ type ”, but in the original description of Mello-Leitão (1944) clearly indicates that the types are deposited in the MLP with the numbers 16010 and 16011, both examined in this work.

The types of P. velox and A. singularis were compared, and show no significant morphological differences.

Other material examined. ARGENTINA. Entre Ríos: Parque Nacional Predelta, bañado cerca de entrada, 6 km S Diamante, S32.12194° W 60.62996° (GPS, +- 20m), elev. 10m, Ramírez, M. J., Piacentini, L. N., González, M. E., Laborda, A. & Aisen, S., 30.iv.2013, hand collection in marshes, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 30310); Arroyo Gualeguaychú y ruta 14, Goloboff, P. A. & Ramírez, M. J., 10. xii.1982, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 22713); Ruta 12 en el Empalme con ruta a Paranacito, Galiano, M. E. & Scioscia, C. L., 11. x.1987, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 22775). San Luis: Villa Elena, Maury, E., 12. xi.1982, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 22723); Cortaderas, Roig, A., 10. xi.1982, 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 22733). Buenos Aires: no precise locality, Viana, J. M., x.1941, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 22768); Tigre, INTA Delta, xii.1988, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 30625); Delta del Paraná, San Antonio, frente al Urion, Bachmann, A., 15. i.1950, 6 ♀ 5 eggsac (MACN-Ar 3096); Campana, Reserva Natural Otamendi, Estación Río Luján, -34,277352º -58,88054º (WG84), elev. 5m, Ramírez, M. J., Grismado, C., Piacentini, L., Soto, E. González-Marquez, M. E., Guala, M., Andía Navarro, J. M., López, N., Ortega Insaurralde, I., & Zermoglio, P., 9.ix.2010, in marsh and grassland, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 28440); same locality, Grismado, C.J., Damer, L., López, N., Trivero, S. & Grismado, A., 3–17.ii.2007, pitfall on grassland of “pelo de chancho”, Distichlis sp, 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 12122); same locality, Grismado, C. J., Damer, L., López, N., Trivero, S., Crudele, I. & Olejnik, N., 10.iii.2007, hand collected on grassland, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 12215); same locality and collectors, 30. vi.2007, 1 ♀ 1 immature (MACN-Ar 12663); same locality, Grismado, C. J., Damer, L., Crudele, I., Olejnik, N., López, N. & De Biase, S., 28.vii.2007, hand collected on grassland, 1 ♂ 1 immature (MACN-Ar 12788); same locality, Zanetic, C. & Goloboff, P. A., 12. i.1980, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 28988); Tigre, 23. xii.1979, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 22744); Isla entre Zárate y Brazo Largo, del lado de Zárate, Zanetic, A. & Goloboff, P. A., 10. i.1979, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 22750); Don Torcuato, Ropps, J. J., 1939, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 22726); Adolfo Sordeaux, Piacentini, L., i.2002, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 22741); Punta Lara, Galiano, M. E. & Scioscia, C. L., 17. ix.1986, 2 ♂ 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 22716); same locality, 2. xi.1946, 1 ♀ (MACN- Ar 22757); same locality, Fuentes, B, 27.x.1997, hand collected on grassland, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 28493); same locality, Goloboff, P. A., 28. xii.1989, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 30641); Mar del Plata, Sander, V., x.2002, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 22747); Carmen de Patagones, Daguerre, J. B., 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 22770). Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Palermo, Frers, A. G., 11.x.1914, under trunks in marshes, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 22715); Reserva Ecológica Costanera Sur: Laguna de los Macáes, S 34º36'21,7'' W 58º20'55'', Turienzo, P., 13.x.2008, collected with pitfall traps, 2 ♂ (MACN-Ar 28446); same locality, Benedictto & Mamani, A., 5.i.2009, collected with pitfall traps, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 28448); same locality, Mamani, A. & Zapata, L., 24. xi.2008, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 28445); same locality, Mamani, A. & Turienzo, P., 2. ii.2009, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 28480); same locality, Benedictto & Mamani, A., 5. i.2009, 1 ♀ (MACN- Ar 28444); Reserva Ecológica Costanera Sur: Canal Viamonte, S 34º35'47'' W 58º21'36,8'', Turienzo, P., 13.x.2008, collected with pitfall traps, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 28479); same locality, Mamani, A., 27. x.2008, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 28449); same locality, Turienzo, P., 13. x.2008, 1 ♀ 1 immature (MACN-Ar 28450); same locality, Mamani, A. & Turienzo, P., 29. ix.2008, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 28478).

Diagnosis. Males and females of A. velox resemble those of A. punctata by the coloration pattern; males can be distinguished by the straight and larger tibial apophysis ( Figs 8 a, c). Females can be distinguished by the large epigynal plate, that cover almost the anterior ventral side of the abdomen ( Figs 10 a, 16a). Agalenocosa velox vulvae also resemble those of A. punctata , but differs by the long twisted stalk of spermathecae ( Fig. 10 b), instead of short and straight as in A. punctata ( Fig. 16 b).

Description. Male (MACN-Ar 12788). Carapace brown with a light brown median band, with a conspicuous Y-shaped dark mark that extends from the fovea to the PLE and with marginal pale bands ( Fig. 9 ). Sternum yellow, sparsely covered with brown bristles, more abundant on the margins ( Fig. 9 f). Labium dark grey ( Fig. 9 f). Chelicerae lighter than labium, light brown, covered with brown bristles. Dorsum of abdomen brown with longitudinal, irregular pale marks on the center and longitudinal lines of white pubescence on its lateral side, composed by bunches of glistening setae ( Figs 3 b, 9). Venter pale brown ( Fig. 9 f). Legs pale brown without annulations. Leg formula IV> I> II> III.

Spination: femur I p 0-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r d1-0-d1, II p d1-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r d1-0-d1, III p d1-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r d1-0- d1, IV p d1-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r 0-0-d1; patella I d 1-1, II p 1 d 1-1, III p 1 d 1-1 r 1, IV p 1 d 0-1 r 1; tibia I v 2-2-0, II p d1- 1 v r1-2-0, III p 1-1 d 1-1 r 1-1 v 2-2 -2ap, IV p 1-1 d 1-1 r 1-1 v 2-2 -2ap; metatarsus I v 2-2-2ap, II p 0- 1-2ap r 0-0-2ap v 2-2 -0, III p d1-1-2ap r d1-0-2ap v 2-2 -1ap, IV p d1-1-2ap r d1-1-2ap v 2-2 -1ap.

Palp. Basal apophysis of the palpal tibia longer than the diameter of the tibia ( Figs 3 a, 8a). Subtegulum in the mesal side of the alveolus ( Fig. 10 d). Tegulum with deep prolateral furrow ( Figs 2 a, 10d). Ventral branch of the median apophysis triangular, the dorsal branch triangular, with the tip apicad ( Figs 2 , 10 c–e). Terminal apophysis with a triangular end, pointing apicad ( Figs 2 , 10 c–e).

Female (MACN-Ar 22716). Color ( Fig. 9 ), as in male. Leg formula IV> I> III> II.

Spination: femur I p 0-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r d1-0-0, II p d1-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r d1-0-d1, III p d1-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r d1-0-d1, IV p d1-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r 0-0-d1; patella I d 1-0, II p 1 d 1-0, III p 1 d 1-1 r 1, IV p 1 d 1-1 r 1; tibia I v 2-2-0, II p d1-d 1 v r1-2-0, III p d1-1 d 1-1 r 1- 1 v 2-p1-2ap, IV p d1-1 d 1-1 r d1- 1 v p1-p1-2ap; metatarsus I v 2-2-2ap, II p 1-0-2ap r 0-0-1ap v 2-2 -1ap, III p 1-1-2ap r 1-1-2ap v 2-2 -1ap, IV p d1-1-2ap r d1-1-2ap v 2-2 -1ap.

Epigynal plate without pockets or atria, enlarged anteriorly, covering almost all the ventral surface between the pedicel and the epigastric furrow, with two oval soft sclerotised parts that surround the copulatory opening ( Figs 4 b, 10a). Vulva: head of spermatheca simple, not wider than the U-shaped stalk ( Fig. 10 b). Vulval chamber rounded, behind of the base of spermathecae in dorsal view ( Figs 4 a, 10b).

Measurements. Female, MACN-Ar 22716 (Male, MACN-AR 12788): TL 6.33 (5.60), CL 3.00 (2.80), CW 2.07 (2.13), CH 0.93 (1.00), AL 3.33 (2.80). Eyes: AME 0.13 (0.17), ALE 0.10 (0.10), PME 0.27 (0.27), PLE 0.20 (0.20). Row of eyes: AER 0.60 (0.57), PME 0.63 (0. 60), PLE 0.83 (0.83). Sternum (length/width) 1.53/1.20 (1.33/ 1.07). Labium (length/width) 0.40/0.37 (0.33/0.33). Legs: length of segments (femur + patella/tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length): I 2.20 + 2.53 + 1.67 + 0.93 = 7.33, II 2.13 + 2.27 + 1.67 + 0.93 = 7.00, III 1.93 + 2.27 + 1.73 + 0.8 = 6.73, IV 2.67 + 3.40 + 2.80 + 1.07 = 9.94 (I 2.00 + 2.60 + 1.73 + 0.93 = 7.26, II 2.00 + 2.33 + 1.67 + 0.93 = 6.93, III 2.00 + 2.00 + 1.73 + 0.87 = 6.60, IV 2.60 + 3.20 + 2.67 + 1.07 = 9.54).

Variation. Females (Males) (range, mean ± s.d.): TL 4.60 – 7.46, 5.82 ± 0.85; CL 2.53 – 3.33, 2.93 ± 0.20; CW 1.80 – 2.40, 2.14 ± 0.19 n = 10; (TL 4.80 – 7.34, 5.67 ± 0.68; CL 2.60 – 3.67, 2.89 ± 0.30; CW 1.87 – 2.67, 2.09 ± 0.23 n = 10). Variation in coloration was observed in males and females, there are some darker specimens, which have dark annulations on the legs and show a thin marginal dark band on the carapace.

Distribution. Central and central-eastern Argentina (San Luis, Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires Province) and one record from southern Brazil (state of Rio Grande do Sul) (Fig. 25).

Natural history. Representatives of this species were found under dead vegetation in flooded grasslands or marshes, between the water surface and the dead vegetation in the Otamendi National Reserve. Some specimens were collected with pitfall traps placed on the margins of a canal in the Costanera Sur Ecological Reserve.

Figures

FIGURE 2. SEM images of Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling) male bulb, dissected. a ventral; b retrolateral; c dorsal; d prolateral. Scale bars, 0.20 mm; Upper right corner in b detail of the terminal apophysis tip. Abbreviations: DB dorsal branch of embolic division, dbMA dorsal branch of median apophysis, EH embolic hood, PTL prolateral tegular lobe, ST subtegulum, T tegulum, TA terminal apophysis, VB ventral branch of embolic division, vbMA ventral branch of median apophysis.

FIGURE 3. SEM images of Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling). a Left male tibial palp, retrolateral, upper left corner in a, detail of the stout setae; b Female abdomen, glistening setae. Scale bars, a 0.20 mm, b 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 4. SEM images of Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling). a vulva dorsal, upper right corner in a, detail of the Dictynoid pore; b epigyne, ventral. Scale bars, a 0.50 mm, b 0.10 mm. Abbreviations: BS Base of spermatheca, FD fertilization ducts, HS head of the spermatheca, SS stalk of spermatheca.

FIGURE 5. SEM images of Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling); female. a Spinnerets antero-ventral view; b ALS spinning field; c PMS spinning field; d PLS spinning fied. Scale bars, a 0.50 mm, b – d 0.10 mm. Abbreviations: 1 º MAP primary major ampullate gland spigot, 2 º MAP secondary major ampullate gland spigot, 1 º mAP primary minor ampullate gland spigot, 2 º mAP secondary minor ampullate gland spigot, Ac aciniform gland spigot, ALS anterior lateral spinnerets, AMS anterior median spinnerets, Cy cylindrical gland spigot, Pi piriform gland spigot, PLS posterior lateral spinnerets.

FIGURE 6. SEM images of Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling); male. a Spinnerets antero-ventral view; b ALS spinning field; c PMS spinning field. Scale bars, a 0.20 mm, b – c 0.05 mm. Abbreviations: 1 º MAP primary major ampullate gland spigot, 1 º mAP primary minor ampullate gland spigot, Ac aciniform gland spigot, ALS anterior lateral spinnerets, AMS anterior median spinnerets, N nubbins, Pi piriform gland spigot, PLS posterior lateral spinnerets, T tartipore.

FIGURE 7. Left male palp of Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling), expanded. a retrolateral; b apical; c prolateral. Scale bars, 0.20 mm. Abbreviations: BH basal haematodocha; DB dorsal branch of embolic division, DH distal haematodocha, dbMA dorsal branch of median apophysis, E embolus, EH embolic hood, MA median apophysis, PTL prolateral tegular lobe, ST sub tegulum, T tegulum, TA terminal apophysis, VB ventral branch of embolic division, vbMA ventral branch of median apophysis.

FIGURE 8. Tibiae of male palps of Agalenocosa Mello-Leitão species, ventral view. a A. velox (Keyserling); b A. luteonigra Mello-Leitão; c A. tricuspidata (Tullgren); d A. punctata Mello-Leitão; e A. pirity sp. nov.; f A. grismadoi sp. nov. Scale bars, 0.20 mm.

FIGURE 9. Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling), habitus. a – c female; d – f male; a, d dorsal; b, e lateral; c, f ventral. Scale bars, a – c, e 1.00 mm, d, f 2.00 mm.

FIGURE 10. Agalenocosa velox (Keyserling), genitalia. a epigyne ventral; b vulva, cleared, dorsal; c – e male palp, c prolateral, d ventral, e retrolateral. Scale bars, 0.20 mm. Abbreviations: BS Base of spermatheca, DB dorsal branch of embolic division, dbMA dorsal branch of median apophysis, EH embolic hood, EP epigynal plate, FD fertilization ducts, HS head of the spermatheca, PTL prolateral tegular lobe, SS stalk of spermatheca, ST sub tegulum, T tegulum, TA terminal apophysis, VB ventral branch of embolic division, vbMA ventral branch of median apophysis.

FIGURE 16. Agalenocosa punctata Mello-Leitão, genitalia. a epigyne ventral; b vulva, cleared, dorsal; c – e male palp, c prolateral, d ventral, e retrolateral. Scale bars, a, c – e 0.20 mm, b 0.10 mm. Abbreviations: BS base of spermatheca, DB dorsal branch of embolic division, dbMA dorsal branch of median apophysis, EH embolic hood, EP epigynal plate, FD fertilization ducts, HS head of the spermatheca, MA median apophysis, PTL prolateral tegular lobe, SS stalk of spermatheca, ST sub tegulum, T tegulum, TA terminal apophysis, VB ventral branch of embolic division, vbMA ventral branch of median apophysis.