Kaysara flavovariegata (Smith)

Carnimeo, Fernando Henrique & Noll, Fernando Barbosa, 2018, On the dumping ground genus Scotaena Klug, 1810 (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae): Phylogeny, taxonomy and geographic distribution, Zootaxa 4399 (4), pp. 451-490 : 463-465

Kaysara flavovariegata (Smith)

( Figs 33–38 , 108, 116, 118 )

Thynnus flavovariegatus Smith, 1879: 170 . Holotype, AUSTRÁLIA: (erroneous locality) date unknown, 1♂ (NHM–UK).

Scotaena flavovariegata Turner, 1908b: 253 .

Spilothynnus flavovariegatus Turner, 1910a: 19 .

Scotaena flavovariegata Kimsey, 1992: 134 . Kimsey, 2004a: 511. Carnimeo et al, 2017: 255.

Male redescription. Structure: Mesopleural transverse sulcus thin and well-marked; forewings hyaline, castaneus on the anterior margins, stigma and on a big spot at the apex, covering the marginal cell and the submarginal II and III; epipygium with deep and broad punctures and several longitudinal striae converging towards the apex and forming a subapical transverse carina; first sternite with tuft of hairs growing medially on the ventral surface, not emerging from an elevation; hypopygium subquadrate, with apical margin enlarged in two acute and sublateral teeth, with a deep concave emargination between them;

Genital capsule: Dorsal surface of the basal ring almost 2x longer than its ventral surface, mostly on its apical margin. With a longitudinal line medially in dorsal view; gonocoxite narrow, tapering towards the apex, with 3/4 the gonostylus extension, slightly depressed basally. The apex rounded. Slightly curved ventrally in lateral view; slender digitus of the volsella visible in ventral view. The acute cuspis appears externalized between the gonostylus and the gonocoxite; aedeagus with narrow lamellae, as long as the gonostylus, with a small rounded lobe apically; gonostylus subtriangular, tapering towards rounded apex. With golden pubescence on the half apical region.

Coloration. Body black with several yellow markings. Clypeus except for the basal and apical margins. Mandibles with dark margins and teeth. Frontal lobes, except for a line between them. Internal surface of the scape and tip of the apical flagellomere. Apex of the internal surface of the flagellomeres brightening towards the apical one, that is almost entirely fuscous. Bands contouring the frontal margin of the eyes, from the clypeus margin to the posterior ocelli. And the genal margin of the eyes narrowing towards the vertex. A pair of oval spots on the vertex. A spot covering the space between the ocelli. The anterior margin of the neck. The anterior margin of the pronotum, interrupted dorsally and stretching to the lateral margin, where is broadened and fused to the fasciae of the posterior margin. Prosternum with a pair of diffuse spots. Mesepisternal lamellae and tegulae yellow. A pair of triangular spots on the mesoscutum surface and oval spots on the scutellum. Lateral spots reaching from the mesoscutum to the scutellum anterior margin. The metanotum except for the fossae. Eliptical spot on the metapleuron. Propodeum with a pair of large spots ‘u’ shaped and a minimal one before the petiolar socket. Mesopleuron except for the transverse sulcus and margins. Legs except for the castaneus trochanter, tibiae and tarsi. A pair of lateral spots on the first metasomal tergite, stretching trough the lateral and converging on a submarginal transverse posterior fasciae. Trasversal fasciae before the apex of tergite I–IV, broader on the lateral and narrowing towards the dorsal surface. Sternite I with a triangular spot medially. Broad transverse fasciae on the sternite II–IV.

Female: unknown.

Distribution. This species is known from southern Brazil, close to Missiones Province, to the coastal region of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The following records are known: Nova Teutônia, Santa Catarina, Brazil (NHM– UK) and Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Picinguaba, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP, DZSJRP).

Discussion. The forewing of the holotype presents the recurrent vein ramified on its junction with the cubital vein. The ramification is wider on the left wing and narrower on the right one. This probably represents a morphological aberrancy on the individual. The two specimens from MZUSP had lost the tuft of hair of the first metasomal sternite. According to Turner (1908b), the locality data informed on the type’s label of S. flavovariegata and S. fastuosa are erroneous: “I have omitted from the list of Australian species two which I am convinced have been described as Australian by mistake and are almost certainly South American.” This was confirmed by the current records found for these species.

Figures

FIGURES 33–38. Kaysara flavovariegata, holotype male. 33, frontal head; 34, dorsal habitus; 35, lateral habitus. Genital capsule:36, dorsal view; 37, ventral view; 38, lateral view.Scale bar = 1mm.

FIGURES 106–121. Kaysara characters. 106, 110, 115, 121: K. marginoplicata; 107, 111, 113, 117: K. laterolata; 108, 116, 118: K. flavovariegata; 109, 119: K. levicrenata; 112, 114, 120: K. apiciconcava. Scale bar = 1mm.