Zanthoxyloideae A.Juss. ex Arn.

Appelhans, Marc S., Bayly, Michael J., Heslewood, Margaret M., Groppo, Milton, Verboom, G. Anthony, Forster, Paul I., Kallunki, Jacquelyn A. & Duretto, Marco F., 2021, A new subfamily classification of the Citrus family (Rutaceae) based on six nuclear and plastid markers, TAXON 70 (5), pp. 1035-1061 : 1051

Subfam. Zanthoxyloideae A.Juss. ex Arn. [clade C].

Genera [109]: Acmadenia , Acradenia , Acronychia , Adenandra , Adiscanthus , Agathosma , Andreadoxa , Angostura , Apocaulon , Asterolasia , Balfourodendron , Boronia , Bosistoa , Bouchardatia , Brombya , Calodendrum , Casimiroa , Choisya , Conchocarpus , Chorilaena , Coatesia , Coleonema , Comptonella , Correa , Crossosperma , Crowea , Cyanothamnus, Decagonocarpus , Decatropis , Decazyx , Desmotes , Dictamnus , Dinosperma , Diosma , Diplolaena , Drummondita , Dryades , Dutailliopsis , Dutaillyea , Empleurum , Eriostemon , Ertela , Erythrochiton , Esenbeckia , Euchaetis , Euodia , Euxylophora , Fagaropsis , Flindersia , Galipea , Geijera , Geleznowia , Halfordia , Helietta , Hortia , Ivodea , Leionema , Leptothyrsa , Lubaria , Lunasia , Maclurodendron , Macrostylis , Medicosma , Megastigma , Melicope , Metrodorea , Microcybe , Muiriantha , Myrtopsis , Naudinia , Nematolepis , Neobyrnesia , Neoschmidea , Neoraputia , Orixa , Peltostigma , Perryodendron , Pentaceras , Phebalium , Phellodendron , Philotheca , Phyllosma , Picrella , Pilocarpus , Pitavia , Pitaviaster , Plethadenia , Polyaster , Ptelea , Raputia , Raputiarana , Rauia , Raulinoa , Ravenia , Raveniopsis , Rhadinothamnus , Rutaneblina , Sarcomelicope , Sheilanthera , Sigmatanthus , Skimmia , Spiranthera , Tetractomia , Tetradium , Ticorea , Toxosiphon , Vepris , Zanthoxylum , Zieria ; Number of species: ca. 1700; Characteristics: Trees or shrubs, rarely subshrubs or herbs; schizogenous oil glands present; leaves alternate or opposite or rarely whorled, simple or variously compound; flowers (3–) 4–5 (–poly)- merous, haplo- or diplostemonous; gynoecium syncarpous or fused at style, carpels 3–5 (or more), ovules 1 to several per locule; fruits dehiscent, drupaceous or baccate (rarely samaras or samaroids); endosperm lacking, scanty or copious; base chromosome number x = 18. Range: temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres with major centers of diversity on southern continents.