Pachyphymus samwaysi, Bazelet, Corinna S. & Naskrecki, Piotr, 2014

Bazelet, Corinna S. & Naskrecki, Piotr, 2014, Taxonomic revision of the southern African genus Pachyphymus Uvarov, 1922 (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Euryphyminae), Zootaxa 5, pp. 401-420 : 404-406

Pachyphymus carinatus Dirsh, 1956

Figs. 1 , 5A–D, 6J–K, 8A

Dirsh 1956: 134–136 >> Pachyphymus carinatus Dirsh 1965: 258 >> Pachyphymus carinatus

Diagnostic redescription (male, except where specified)

General characteristics as for the genus, and as described in Dirsh (1956). Here, only diagnostic characters are described. The species can easily be distinguished by the degree of infumation on the hind wing ( Figs. 6 J,K), shape of male supraanal plate ( Fig. 1 G), shape of male cercus (Figs. 5A–D), and shape of female subgenital plate ( Figs. 1 H–J). P. carinatus is most similar to P. samwaysi n. sp. but can be distinguished on the basis of the position of the hind wing infumation at the apex of the wing in P. carinatus as opposed to closer to the center of the wing in P. samwaysi (compare Fig. 6 K vs. 6L). The male cercus of P. s a m w a y s i forms a right angle when viewed laterally (Fig. 5T vs. 5D), and the pronotal crests in P. samwaysi are less elevated when viewed laterally than those of P. carinatus ( Fig. 4 B vs. 1D).

Wings. Tegmen greatly surpassing end of abdomen ( Fig. 8 A). Hind wing interior clear or with distinct bluish tinge. Distinct band of pale or dark infumation at apical edge of wing, reaching but not including extreme apex of hind wing ( Figs. 6 J–K).

Abdomen. Supraanal plate transverse, with a medial longitudinal concavity, lateral margins upcurved; posterior margin of supraanal plate with two lateral and one large median projection; central, basal pair of round tubercles and lateral pair of elongated tubercles ( Fig. 1 G). Cercus, when viewed laterally, with apical projection which is short, robust, blunt or slightly pointed; basal surface of cercus with large posterior bulge (Figs. 5A–D).

Phallic complex. Epiphallus with short ancorae and broad, lobiform lophi with distinct apical projection ( Fig. 1 M).

Female. Subgenital plate trilobate, with posterior margin shallowly indented between lobes, median lobe rounded, broad and sometimes slightly or greatly notched ( Figs. 1 H–J), even to the extent of appearing quadrilobate (e.g. Fig. 1 H).

Measurements. (♂ n=29, ♀ n=29) body: ♂ 17.0–20.3, ♀ 21.7–26.8; pronotum: ♂ 3.0–3.8, ♀ 3.2–4.7; tegmen: ♂ 12.7–16.7, ♀ 16.0–21.3; hind femur: ♂ 7.3–9.5, ♀ 8.7–10.7 mm.

Material examined. South Africa: Northern Cape: 25 mi W De Aar (-30.6518, 24.0129) 4–5. xii.1960—12 ♀, 7♂ ( SANC); 2 mi SE De Aar (-30.6518, 24.0129) 5.xii.1960 coll. H.D. Brown, Furst, Haacke—12♀, 6♂ ( SANC); 72 km SE Pofadder (-29.1273, 19.3963) 23.ii.1989 — 2♂ ( SANC); Vanwyksvlei (-30.3547, 21.8231) iii.1956 coll. H.D. Brown—1♀ ( SANC); 60 km SE Vanwyksvlei (-30.3547, 21.8231) 20.ii.1990 —2♀, 1♂ ( SANC); Kenhardt (- 29.3486, 21.1552) xi.1948—1 ♀ (paratype, SANC); Kenhardt (-29.3486, 21.1552) 22.xi.1957 —1♀ ( SANC); Gous se Kolk, N Brandvlei (-30.4500, 20.4667) 2.iii.1969 —1♀ ( SANC); 10 mi S Brandvlei (-30.4649, 20.4815) 28.ii.1969 — 1♂ ( SANC); 4 mi NW Brandvlei (-30.4649, 20.4815) 28.ii.1969 — 1♂ ( SANC); Ongeluksfontein, 25 km NE Williston (-31.3407, 20.9174) 22.ii.1990 — 3♂ ( SANC); 25 km SE Williston (-31.3407, 20.9174) 26.ii.1974 —1♀, 2♂ ( SANC); “Gordonia District” xi.1948—1 ♀ (paratype, SANC); Eastern Cape: 20 mi S Aberdeen (-2.4761, 24.0627) 16.xii.1960 — 1♂ ( SANC); 4 mi NW Miller Stn. (-33.0667, 23.9167) 13.xii.1961 coll. H.D. Brown, W. Furst, F. Pick—14♀, 10♂ ( SANC); Western Cape: 8 mi N Beaufort West (-32.3512, 22.5824) 5.xii.1961 —4♀, 4♂ ( SANC); Tankwa Karoo NP (-20.0291, 32.2314) 24.i.2011 coll. P. Naskrecki—1♀, 1♂ ( UUSTB); Namibia: Fish River Canyon, Keetmanshoop (-26.5761, 18.1236) 10.iii.1969 —1♀ ( SANC).

Remarks. Only one female specimen from Fish River Canyon, Keetmanshoop, Namibia was available and was distinct morphologically from the rest of the species. She was much larger (body: 26.8 cm) and had slight variation in the subgenital plate ( Fig. 1 J) and shape of pronotal crests ( Figs. 1 C–D; although this is not generally a good diagnostic character).

One male and one female specimen collected from Tankwa Karoo National Park were also slightly distinct morphologically. The hind wing had a distinct bluish tinge ( Fig. 6 J) and the male cercus was of slightly different shape than the norm for the species (Figs. 5C–D).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Pachyphymus carinatus (Serville, 1838): ♂ head, dorsal (A) and lateral view (B); ♀ head from Fish River Canyon, Namibia, showing intraspecific variation in shape and height of pronotal crests, dorsal (C) and lateral view (D); ♀ head from Tankwa Karoo showing intraspecific variation in shape and height of pronotal crests, dorsal (E) and lateral view (F); ♂ supraanal plate (G); ♀ subgenital plate (H), from Tankwa Karoo (I), from Fish River Canyon, Namibia (J) showing intraspecific variation; phallic complex, ectophallic membrane removed, lateral (K) and dorsal view (L); epiphallus (M). Black scale bar refers to two phallic complex illustrations (K – L); dotted scale bar refers to epiphallus and supraanal plate (G, M); white scale bar refers to head images (A – F). All scale bars are approximate. Abbreviations are as follows: A—ancorae; Apapical projections of lophi; Apd—apodeme of cingulum; Bp—basal valve of penis; Cv—valve of cingulum; Ejs—ejaculatory sac; L—lophi; Rm—ramus of cingulum; Zyg—zygoma of cingulum.

FIGURE 4. Pachyphymus samwaysi n. sp.: ♂ head, dorsal (A) and lateral view (B); ♀ head, dorsal (C) and lateral view (D); ♂ supraanal plate (E); ♀ subgenital plate (F) and (G); epiphallus (H); phallic complex, ectophallic membrane removed, dorsal (I) and lateral view (J). Black scale bar refers to two phallic complex illustrations (I – J); dotted scale bar refers to epiphallus and supraanal plate (E, H); white scale bar refers to head images (A – D).

FIGURE 6. Map showing geographic variation in degree of infumation and color of hind wing for species and populations as follows: P. namaquensis (A – B), from Bushmanland (C) and from Hondeklipbaai (D); P. cristulifer from Leipoldtville (E – G), from Touwsrivier (H), and from Seekoegat (representative of most common wing morph) (I); P. carinatus from Tankwa Karoo (J) and from De Aar (representative of most common wing morph) (K); P. samwaysi (L).

FIGURE 8. Photographs of lateral habitus of live Pachyphymus carinatus Dirsh (A) and P. namaquensis n. sp. (B). Photo credit P. Naskrecki.