Nanaphora verbernei ( Moolenbeek & Faber, 1989 )

Fernandes, Maurício Romulo, 2024, Triphoridae (Gastropoda) from Martinique sampled by the MADIBENTHOS expedition, with notes on shallow-water species from Guadeloupe, Zoosystema 46 (18), pp. 457-503 : 478-480

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5252/zoosystema2024v46a18
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:650979F1-53CD-4B0A-B9A2-E6B1A49E9C2B
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F0B8D3B-FFA4-D20C-FF2E-C19D0763FC84
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Nanaphora verbernei ( Moolenbeek & Faber, 1989 )
status

Treatment

Nanaphora verbernei ( Moolenbeek & Faber, 1989) View in CoL

( Figs 12 View FIG ; 13 View FIG )

Triphora verbernei Moolenbeek & Faber, 1989: 77 View in CoL , figs 6-8.

Triphora exiguum non C. B. Adams, 1850 – De Jong & Coomans 1988: 49.

Cheirodonta verbernei View in CoL – Rolán & Fernández-Garcés 1994: 20, figs 17-18, 22, 30 CV.

Cosmotriphora verbernei – Rolán & Fernández-Garcés 2007: 20, pl. 1, figs 17-18.

Nanaphora verbernei View in CoL – Fernandes & Pimenta 2015: 500 View Cited Treatment (new generic allocation, but the species was misidentified – see below).

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Curaçao • sh; ZMA.MOLL.136613 . Paratypes. Curaçao • 19 sh; type locality; ZMA.MOLL.136655.

TYPE LOCALITY. — Curaçao: Boca Labadera, Santa Catarina, beach.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Guadeloupe. KARUBENTHOS 1 • 1 sh [worn – previously identified as Nanaphora decollata ]; sta. GM06; MNHN • 1 sh [idem]; sta. GM11; MNHN • 1 sh [juvenile – previously identified as Coriophora novem ]; sta. GS13; MNHN. — KARUBENTHOS 2 • 1 sh; sta. DW4545; MNHN • 1 sh [juvenile]; sta. DW4551; MNHN.

Martinique. MADIBENTHOS. ‘Nord Atlantique’ • 1 sh; sta. AD261; MNHN • 1 sh; sta. AD275; MNHN. — ‘Nord Caraibe’ • 1 sh; sta. AD280; MNHN. ‘Sud Caraibe’ • 1 sh; sta. AD115; MNHN.

MATERIAL EXAMINED OF NANAPHORA CF. VERBERNEI ( Figs 1 View FIG F-I; 1 I). — Martinique. ‘Sud Atlantique’ • 4 sh; sta. AB130; MNHN • 2 sh, 1 spm; sta. AB149; MNHN.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. — Cuba ( Rolán & Fernández-Garcés 1994); Puerto Rico ( Moolenbeek & Faber 1989); Guadeloupe and Martinique (this study); Bonaire and Curaçao ( Moolenbeek & Faber 1989).

BATHYMETRIC DISTRIBUTION. — Recorded depth in Guadeloupe: 0- 82 m. Recorded depth in Martinique: 11- 80 m. Recorded depth of N. cf. verbernei in Martinique: 1-2 m (live specimen at 2 m). Previous recorded depth in the West Atlantic: 0-90 m ( Moolenbeek & Faber 1989).

EMENDED DESCRIPTION

Shell sinistral, cyrtoconoid, convex profile, up to 3.9 mm long, 1.4 mm wide, length/width ratio 2.8-3.0. Protoconch multispiral, conical/columnar, of 5.0-5.5 slightly convex whorls, 0.54-0.57 mm long, 0.42-0.44 mm wide; embryonic shell dome-shaped, covered by rounded granules; larval shell initially with two spiral threads but adapical one soon disappearing, with one spiral cord (abapical) remaining until the emergence of adapical cord in the penultimate whorl, the two cords situated at 32-36% and 61-68% of last whorl height; c. 27 nearly rectilinear to slightly sigmoid axial ribs. Teleoconch with up to nine whorls; two spiral cords (adapical and abapical) at the beginning, abapical one continuous to that of protoconch; median spiral cord emerging narrowly at sixth or seventh whorl, bordering close the adapical cord, reaching the same size of abapical cord (adapical one is slightly more prominent on body whorl) after 1.5-2.0 whorls; rounded nodules of large size; 17-19 opisthocline axial ribs on seventh whorl; shallow suture, with small sutural cord; spiral micro-sculpture present in all teleoconch; subperipheral cord nodulose, adapical basal cord slightly nodulose to wavy, nearly smooth abapical basal cord; supranumerical cords not discernible (but peristome never intact); nearly circular aperture, 0.55-0.57 mm long, 0.50-0.58 mm wide, length/width ratio 0.9-1.1; anterior canal almost closed, crossed in its base by projection of outer lip, slightly curved backward, 0.34-0.50 mm long, 0.22-0.26 mm wide, length/width ratio 1.3-2.2; posterior canal as a small hole, detached from aperture. Light brown to orange protoconch; teleoconch light brown to nearly orange, with adapical spiral cord often whitish on body whorl, and some shells also show abapical cord lighter than adapical cord on mid whorls.

REMARKS

The author initially allocated this species in Coriophora due to the spiral sculpture of the protoconch ( Fig. 13H, K View FIG ), combined with a micro-sculpture on teleoconch ( Fig. 13G, J View FIG ), shell shape, opisthocline axial ribs, shallow suture and late emergence of median spiral cord of teleoconch ( Fig. 13 View FIG A-E) – regarding there are substantial divergences between the single species from the West Atlantic ( C. novem ) and the type species of Coriophora ( Fernandes & Pimenta 2020) . However, after reviewing details on the protoconch sculpture of Nanaphora verbernei in the literature from the Caribbean ( Moolenbeek & Faber 1989; Rolán & Fernández-Garcés 1994), an error was detected. Fernandes & Pimenta (2015) interpreted the embryonic shell of the Caribbean species as reticulated (following shells from Brazil), owing to the inadequate SEM images previously available, despite being described with hemispheric tubercles in the material from Cuba ( Rolán & Fernández-Garcés 1994). Fernandes & Pimenta (2015) also considered that N. verbernei had always two spiral cords in the larval shell, following shells from Brazil and the dubious image of a shell from Cuba ( Rolán & Fernández-Garcés 1994: fig. 22, which is bright in part of the protoconch, hampering a proper visualization), but they equivocally contested the description of the larval shell as having initially one but further two spiral cords ( Moolenbeek & Faber 1989: fig. 7). In fact, the Caribbean N. verbernei has rounded granules on the embryonic shell and the pattern 2-1-2-(1) spiral cords on the larval shell ( Fig. 13H, K View FIG ). The Brazilian morph, despite showing a much similar teleoconch morphology, is not N. verbernei , as indicated by discrepant features on the radula and on the color of living specimens ( Fernandes & Pimenta 2019b), and it will be discussed under the following species. Accordingly, the record of N. verbernei from Antigua ( Zhang 2011) is related to the next species, and the records from Cayman and Grenada ( Rosenberg 2009) are invalid (see remarks of N. decollata ).

The identification of N.verbernei from Guadeloupe by Rolán & Fernández-Garcés (2015), and followed by Lamy & Pointier (2018), is also incorrect (see next species); the real N. verbernei was hidden under the names of two other species (see material examined). Because E. Rolán was one reviewer of the manuscript that resulted in Fernandes & Pimenta (2015), nearly at the same time of the publication of Rolán & Fernández-Garcés (2015), it may have influenced the wrong identification of shells from Guadeloupe. Comparing the material from Guadeloupe and Martinique with previous records from Caribbean ( Moolenbeek & Faber 1989; Rolán & Fernández-Garcés 1994, 2007), shells from the French Antilles seem to be slightly darker and may reach up to 3.9 mm vs 3.5 mm (in Cuba, but with a broken apex) and 3.2 mm (holotype); as consequence, they are less ovoid than small shells. Moolenbeek & Faber (1989) already noticed a micro-sculpture on the teleoconch of N. verbernei ( Fig. 13G, J View FIG ), in addition to supranumerical cords, which were not evident in the present material owing to the broken or repaired condition of the peristome in all shells ( Fig. 13I View FIG ), but are evident in the holotype ( Fig. 12A View FIG ). The definitive generic placement of this species may require a molecular phylogeny; despite similarities with the shell of C. novem (as abovementioned), the radula of N. verbernei is strikingly different ( Rolán & Fernández-Garcés 1994, 1995).

The head-foot of a specimen with a decollate shell, herein determined as N. cf. verbernei , is whitish ( Fig. 19I View FIG ), agreeing with the description of the external morphology of this species by Rolán & Fernández-Garcés (1994).