Ozeoura, Theischinger & Billingham & Growns, 2018

Theischinger, Gunther, Billingham, Zacariah D. & Growns, Ivor, 2018, Ozeoura-a New Genus of Chioneinae (Insecta: Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae) from Australia, Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 70 (5), pp. 447-468 : 462-468

Ozeoura larva

Figs 54–57

Material examined. New South Wales: 3, Dingo Forest, Caparra Creek off Rumba Dump Trail (-31.70148° 152.19244°), 14-iv-1997, NSW OEH; 2, Sandy Hill, Macleods Creek off Macleods Creek Rd (-28.96709° 152.27192°), 6-v-1997, NSW OEH; 1, Douglas Park, Nepean River off Douglas Park Drive (-34.19159° 150.71113°), 9-xii-1997, NSW OEH; 1, Tom Groggin, Murray River By Tom Groggin Camp Ground (-36.54413° 148.12866°), 24-iii-1998, NSW OEH; 4, Backwater, Backwater Creek off Horseshoe Bend Fire Trail (-30.06242° 151.92784°), 10-v-1998, NSW OEH; 2, Nightcap, Terania Creek by Terania Creek Picnic Ground (-28.56845° 153.31098°), 11-v-1998, NSW OEH; 3, Wadbilliga, Wadbilliga River off Wadbilliga Rd (-36.27666° 149.61194°), 26-v-1998, NSW OEH; 1, Wombeyan Caves, Mares Forest Creek off Mares Forest Rd (-34.31759° 149.92180°), 26-v-1998, NSW OEH; 2, Jinden, Jinden Creek off Jinden Ridge Rd (-35.88256° 149.56436°), 26-v-1998, NSW OEH; 2, New South Wales, Wandella, Paddy’s Creek off Paddy’s Fire Trail (-36.33407° 149.80830°), 2-vi-1998, NSW OEH; 4, Wonboyn North, Wonboyn River off Wonboyn Link Track (-37.25665° 149.88505°), 3-vi-1998, NSW OEH; 1, Nightcap, Terania Creek by Terania Creek Picnic Ground (-28.56845° 153.31098°), 8-x-1998, NSW OEH; 5, Never Never, Rosewood River off Rosewood Creek Track (-30.36494° 152.80733°), 9-x-1998, NSW OEH; 1, Wombeyan Caves, Mares Forest Creek off Mares Forest Rd (-34.31759° 149.92180°), 03-xi-1998, NSW OEH; 8, Jinden, Jinden Creek off Jinden Ridge Rd (-35.88256° 149.56436°), 09-xi-1998, NSW OEH; 4, Tallaganda, Mulloon Creek by Mulloon Camp Ground (-35.43827° 149.56962°) 09-xi-1998, NSW OEH; 16, Wandella, Paddy’s Creek off Paddy’s Fire Trail (-36.33407° 149.80830°), 10-xi-1998, NSW OEH; 4, Tom Groggin, Murray River By Tom Groggin Camp Ground (-36.54413° 148.12866°), 11-xi-1998, NSW OEH; 3, Geehi, Swampy Plain River by Geehi Camp Ground (-36.37875° 148.17781°), 11-xi-1998, NSW OEH; 11, Wonboyn North, Wonboyn River off Wonboyn Link Track (-37.25665° 149.88505°), 13-xi-1998, NSW OEH; 2, Upper Kangaroo River, Kangaroo River off Upper Kangaroo River Rd (-34.68807° 150.60078°), 13-xi-1998, NSW OEH; 1, Conjola, Bunnair Creek off Calgaroo Rd (-35.23277° 150.40397°), 22-xii-1998, NSW OEH; 7, Tom Groggin, Murray River By Tom Groggin Camp Ground (-36.54413° 148.12866°), 25-iii-1999,NSW OEH; 10, Geehi, Swampy Plain River by Geehi Camp Ground (-36.37875° 148.17781°), 25-iii-1999, NSW OEH; 2, Rocky River, Nelson Creek off Rocky River Rd (-29.07364° 152.34743°), 19-iv-1999, NSW OEH; 4, Dingo Forest, Caparra Creek off Rumba Dump Trail (-31.70148° 152.19244°), 21-iv- 1999, NSW OEH; 14, Megalong Valley, Megalong Creek off Nellies Glen Rd (-33.73025° 150.24451°), 29-ix-1999, NSW OEH; 3, Wolgan Valley, Wolgan River off Wolgan Rd (-33.30052° 150.12407°), 29-ix-1999, NSW OEH; 3, Tuckers Nob, Never Never River off Promised Land Rd (-30.35981° 152.90500°), 11-x-1999, NSW OEH ( ZB). Victoria: 2, Benambra, Tambo River (-36.99945° 147.88255°), 1-v-2011, Z. Billingham; 5, Warburton, Yarra River off Whitegum Dr (-37.72144° 145.76951°), 14-ix-2011, Z. Billingham; 1, McMahons Creek,Starvation Creek off Road 17 (-37.75735° 145.85014°), 27-ix-2011, Z. Billingham;1, Healesville, Donnelly Creek off Donnelly Weir Rd (-37.62945° 145.53388°), 11-x-2011, Z. Billingham; 3, Healesville, Graceburn Creek off Road 1 (-37.65375° 145.56664°), 11-x- 2011, Z. Billingham; 3, Reefton, Bakers Creek off Road 12 (-37.72794° 146.05417°), 3-xi-2011, Z. Billingham; 4, Reefton, Woods Creek off Road 11 (-37.72866° 146.06235°), 3-xi-2011, Z. Billingham; 5, Bindi, Tambo River at Blackfellows Flat (-37.05809° 147.82798°), 29-xi-2011, Z. Billingham; 17, Bindi, Tambo River upstream of Blackfellows Flat (-37.05820° 147.83888°), 29-xi-2011, Z. Billingham; 3, Humevale, Jacks Creek off Road 10 (-37.46896° 145.16974°), 14-xii-2011, Z. Billingham; 1, Reefton, Bakers Creek off Road 12 (-37.72827° 146.05439°), 19-iii- 2012, Z. Billingham; 1, East Warburton, Yarra River off Whitegum Dr (-37.72144° 145.76951°), 3-iv-2012, Z. Billingham; 7, Rawson, Coopers Creek (-37.96061° 146.40477°), 19-iv-2012, Z. Billingham; 1, The Basin, Dobsons Creek off Basin Olinda Rd (-37.85657° 145.32459°), 15-x-2012, Z. Billingham; 4, Glencairn, Macalister River (-37.52230° 146.56620°), 5-xii-2012, Z. Billingham; 2, Weeragua, Cann River West Branch off Monaro Hwy (-37.37295° 149.19899°), 11-xii-2012, Z. Billingham; 2, Shannonvale, Big River off Omeo Hwy (-36.93300° 147.47300°), 12-xii- 2012, Z.Billingham; 1, Suggan Buggan, Suggan Buggan River (-36.95260° 148.32520°), 12-xii-2012, Z. Billingham; 9, Mitta Mitta, Snowy Creek at Omeo Hwy (-36.54600° 147.41045°), 13-xii-2012, Z.Billingham; 20, Nariel Valley, Nariel Creek off Benambra-Corryong Rd (-36.44357° 147.82987°), 14-xii-2012, Z. Billingham; 12, Harrietville, Ovens River off Mill Rd (-36.90145° 147.05372°), 14-xii-2012, Z. Billingham; 2, Matong North, Dandongadale River (-36.80725° 146.63114°), 15-xii-2012, Z.Billingham; 9, McMahons Creek, Starvation Creek off Starvation Creek Rd (-37.71905° 145.80258°), 17-xii-2012, Z.Billingham; 2, Reefton,Tributary of Alderman Creek off Road 19 (-37.72178° 145.94089°), 17-xii-2012, Z. Billingham; 13, McMahons Creek, O’Shannassy River (-37.70119° 145.79151°), 2-v-2013, Z. Billingham; 7, Reefton,Woods Creek off Road 11 (-37.72898° 146.06312°), 27-xi-2013, Z. Billingham; 1, Reefton, Tributary of Alderman Creek off Road 19 (-37.72178° 145.94089°), 28-iv-2014, Z. Billingham; 2, Rawson, Coopers Creek (-37.95948° 146.40448°), 30-iv-2014, Z. Billingham; 2, Rawson, Coopers Creek (-37.95948° 146.40448°), 12-xi- 2014, Z. Billingham; 6, Reefton, Woods Creek off Road 11 (-37.72898° 146.06312°), 10-xii-2014, Z. Billingham; 3, Reefton,Armstrong Creek off Armstrong Creek Rd (-37.63615° 145.86061°), 11-xii-2014, Z. Billingham; 1, Clonbinane, Plenty River at Road 54 (-37.45954° 145.16346°), 11-xii- 2014, Z. Billingham; 7, Weeragua, Cann River West Branch off Monaro Hwy (-37.37295° 149.19899°), 11-x-2015, Z. Billingham; 3, Glencairn, Macalister River (-37.52230° 146.56600°), 12-xii-2015, Z. Billingham; 2, Jamieson, Goulburn River off Mansfield Woods Point Rd (-37.33836° 146.13557°), 17-xi-2015, Z. Billingham; 1, Shannonvale, Big River off Omeo Hwy (-36.93300° 147.47300°), 28-xi-2015, Z. Billingham; 1, Reefton, Yarra River at Rd 12 (-37.73295° 146.06704°), 21-xi-2017, Z. Billingham ( ZB). Tasmania: 2, South Springfield, Forester River (-41.27069° 147.51335°), 2-xii-2013, GHD; 1, Tayene, St. Patrick River (-41.31784° 147.49182°), 4-xii-2013, GHD ( ZB).

Description. Mature larvae long cylindrical and rarely exceeding 11mm ( Figs 55–57 ). Off white to yellow in colour, a short downy pubescence, which thickens noticeably around the groves in the thoracic segments and the base of the terminal abdominal segment, lends a deep gold to brown colour to some individuals. Head capsule with frontoclypeal apotome elongate rectangular, moderately sclerotised throughout, the posterior margin minutely notched. Genae heavily sclerotised along the margins, central area lightly sclerotised to membranous. Eye spots on dorsolateral margin of head capsule, just anterior to the articulation of the genae with the frontoclypeal apotome and posterior to the antennal pedestal. Antenna two segmented beyond the pedestal, not extending further than the distal margin of the labrum. First antennal segment elongate, terminally bearing two short stout setae and a third long fine seta reaching approximately three quarters the length of the maxillary palp; the second antennal segment short, globose and fleshy. At the anterior margin of the frontoclypeal apotome arise two “cylindrical papillae” their distal ends heavily setose so as to form a brush like structure, Hynes (1963) describes these structures in Cryptolabis as belonging to the labrum, this is difficult to discern but is most likely the case also in Ozeoura . The labrum is large and triangular in shape, fleshy and greatly setose along its distal margin and ventral surface ( Fig 57 ). The thick labral setation obscures much of the structure of the ventral oral cavity. The mandibles however are discernible through dissection, 7–8 toothed and with molar surface often bearing a setal tuft ( Fig 57 ). The basal sections of the maxilla are obscured, the greatly developed, membranous, maxillary palp is clearly discernible and extends anteriorly well beyond the labral brush. Terminal abdominal segment constricted at base, considerably narrower than the preceding segment. Spiracular disc with four lobes, the shorter dorsal

( Herbert et al., 2003; Rubinoff et al., 2006), the intrageneric divergence values (0–3%) compared against the intergeneric divergence (11–15%) illustrate a clear association of larval Ozeoura at the generic level.

Discussion. The structure of the spiracular disc readily distinguishes the larvae of Ozeoura from any other known Australian crane fly larvae. Insufficient material is available to identify species specific characters among larvae.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. Specimens collected from protected areas were done so under Vic DEPI permit numbers 10006248, 10006838 and 10008065. The upper tributaries of the Yarra and Plenty River closed catchments were accessed with permission from Melbourne Water. The map provided in Fig. 1 was modified from wikipedia. org. Photographs used in Figs 2 and 3 were taken by the second author and are used with permission from Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey (GHD Pty Ltd). The senior author is deeply indebted to Daniel Bickel and John Martin (Sydney), Fenja Brodo, Scott Brooks and Bradley Sinclair (Ottawa), the late Don Colless (Canberra), Jon Gelhaus (Philadelphia), the late Arturs Neboiss (Melbourne), Pjotr Oosterbroek (Amsterdam), Duncan Sivell (London), Jaroslav Stary (Olomouc) and Geoff Williams (Taree) for kindly providing material on loan or gifted, photographs of type and other material, specific literature and information and for giving invaluable suggestions to improve the manuscript. The Trustees of The Natural History Museum (NHM), London are thanked for use of the images of the holotype of Erioptera nigrolateralis Alexander , the Trustees of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. for use of the images of type material of Cryptolabis convoluta Alexander and Baeoura hemmingseni Alexander. The second author wishes to thank Ros StClair (EPA Victoria), the GHD water sciences team, NSW Office of Water and NSW Office of Environment and Heritage for providing access to larval material and Dr Nick Murphy (Latrobe University) for guidance and assistance with interpretation of molecular results.

Figures

Figure 54. Phylogenetic tree produced using CO1 sequence data, Geneious 9.0.5 (Kearse et al., 2012). Table 2. P-distance values between CO1 sequences produced for larval andadult specimens,Geneious 9.0.5 (Kearse etal., 2012).

Figures 55, 56. Ozeoura larvae. (55) general habitus; (56) spiracular disc, lateral.

Figure 57, 58. Ozeoura larva. (57) head capsule, dorsal; (58) mandible.

Figures 1–3. (1) Occurrence records of Australian Ozeoura (then Baeoura), as of December 2017. (2, 3) Habitats of Ozeoura spp.; (2) O. convoluta, Big River, Glen Valley Victoria; (3) O. tonnoiri, Bakers Creek, Reefton Victoria.