Clepsis acclivana (Zerny, 1933)

Zlatkov, Boyan & Huemer, Peter, 2019, Remarkable confusion in some Western Palearctic Clepsis leads to a revised taxonomic concept (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae), ZooKeys 885, pp. 51-87 : 51

Clepsis acclivana (Zerny, 1933) stat. rev.

Cacoecia acclivana Zerny, 1933:108, pl. 1, fig. 11 (Lebanon)

Material examined.

Lectotype ♂ by designation of Razowski (1979), pinned, with 6 labels: "Nord-Libanon / Becharré, 1400 m / 21.-28.vi.[19]31. Zerny" "Cacoecia / acclivana / Zerny Type!" [handwritten] “Cacoecia” ♂ / acclivana Zerny / N. Obraztsov det. 1965 / prep. No. V. 49" [handwritten and printed] “Lectotype” [green label] "Nat. hist. Mus. / Wien / Gen. Praep. / MV 2533" [blue label] "NHMW / Type fot / 2013"; male genitalia on a slide with two labels: “Cacoecia” / acclivana / Zerny / Nord-Libanon / Becharré / 1400 m 21.-28.vi / 1931 Zerny" "♂ / V. 49 / Mus. Vind. 2533 / Lectotypus" [both handwritten].

LEBANON • 1 ♂; Bsharri; alt. 1400 m; 21-28 Jun. 1931; Zerny leg.; GS V. 49; NHMW 2533.

Paralectotype ♂, pinned, with four labels: "Nord-Libanon / Becharré, 1400 m / 11.-20.vi.[19]31. Zerny" “Lectoparatype” [green label] "Cacoecia / acclivana / Zerny Type!" [handwritten] "NHMW / Gen. Prep. ♂ / No. 1/15.2.2018"; male genitalia on a slide with two labels: "Paralectotype / Cacoecia acclivana / Zerny, 1933 / Nord-Libanon, Becharré, 1400 / m, 11.-20.vi.[19]31, Zerny" [red label] "NHMW / Gen. prep. / ♂ / No. 1/15.2.2018 / B. Zlatkov 2018 Euparal".

LEBANON • 1 ♂; Bsharri; alt. 1400 m; 11-20 Jun. 1931; Zerny leg.; GS 1/15.2.2018; NHMW.

Diagnosis.

Clepsis acclivana is most similar to C. trivia but the forewings are paler and wider with more distinct markings, the uncus is narrower, the median part of the gnathos is smaller and its arms are not angled, the sacculus is more curved, the labis is more massive and with shorter acanthae, and the apex of the phallic process is curved ventrolaterally instead of dorsally.

Description.

Adult. Sexual dimorphism unknown. Male ( Fig. 2L, M ). Head. Vertex pale fulvous, frons, palps and antennae with ochreous scales. Antennae with numerous sensilla trichodea as long as width of flagellomeres. Thorax dorsally pale fulvous, ventrally creamy, legs pale brown, tegula pale fulvous. Forewing with length of 7.8 mm (in both specimens), costa basally convex, apically straight, with costal fold extending from base to 0.4 × length of costal margin ( Fig. 3D ). Upperside background pale yellowish with fulvous reticulate pattern. Markings ill-defined, consisting of brown and ferruginous scales: basal blotch faint, with remnants only at costa as dark line; median fascia narrow, more prominent at dorsum; subapical blotch reduced, dash-like. Cilia concolourous with background. Underside pale grey-brown, costal and terminal areas creamy with some reticulate pattern. Hindwings upperside monochrome pale grey, cilia concolourous, underside whitish. Abdomen pale grey. Male genitalia ( Fig. 10A, B ). Uncus round apically, with parallel lateral margins, gnathos relatively small, socius membranous. Valvae pointed laterally or ventrolaterally when mounted on slide. Costal sclerite of valva very wide, with short wide labis covered with small acanthae ( Fig. 5E ). Basal and apical parts of sacculus with equal length forming angle of ca. 140°, saccular process almost right-angled, relatively large. Membranous part of valva with protuberance devoid of tuft of setae but has deciduous scales; its terminal part with nearly symmetrical dorsal and ventral curvature, brachiola prominent, pointed laterally. Posterior part of phallus slightly sinuate, with lateral process as long as 0.29 × distance between anterior opening and tip of phallus, apically bent ventrolaterally. Anterior and posterior part of phallus form angle of 130°. Caulis large, diverging widely from coecum. Vesica bent at ca. 110° dorsad, with basal widening and terminal diverticulum dorsally, slightly pointed to right. Three sockets of ventroapically located deciduous cornuti adjacent to gonopore are detectable ( Fig. 6D ).

Female unknown.

Preimaginal stages unknown.

Molecular data.

Unknown.

Distribution.

Known from the type locality only: Lebanon ( Fig. 17 ).

Ecology.

Not known.

Remarks.

Comparison of the wing pattern and genitalia of the lectotype and paralectotype of C. acclivana with the species considered above confirmed the assumption that it is a distinct species. The barcoding distance to the other species was not studied because of lack of fresh material, but the great similarity in all morphological characters of the two specimens convinced us that they can represent a distinct species, therefore we resurrect the initial status of the taxon acclivana synonymised by Razowski (1979) with C. neglectana .

Taxa incertae sedis.

Without further morphological or genetic support the following species cannot be interpreted with certainty, but the synonymy with C. neglectana , C. acclivana or C. trivia does not seem justified for now. They demonstrate some morphological gap; at least the differences between them are not smaller than the differences with the above mentioned species of the group. Additional material and genetic study is necessary to solve their real status.

Figures

Figure 2. Adults of Clepsis neglectana species group A-C C. neglectana: A lectotype of Tortrix neglectana B male, Southern Germany C Female, Germany D-G C. striolana: D lectotype of T. striolana E paralectotype of T. striolana F male, Austria, South Tyrol G female, Austria, South Tyrol H-K C. trivia: H holotype of T. trivia I-J males, Crete K female, Crete L-M C. acclivana: L lectotype of Cacoecia acclivana M paralectotype of C. acclivana N T. severana holotype O Cacoecia unifasciana var. semiana holotype. Scale bar: 5 mm, all to scale.

Figure 3. Costal folds of males of Clepsis spp. A C. neglectana, Germany B C. striolana, Austria C C. trivia, Crete D C. acclivana, lectotype of Cacoecia acclivana E C. consimilana, neotype of Tortrix consimilana F C. eatoniana, Spain. Scale bar: 1 mm, all to scale.

Figure 5. Labides of Clepsis spp. A, B C. neglectana: A Southern Germany B Finland C C. striolana, Austria, North Tyrol D C. trivia, Crete E C. acclivana, paralectotype of Cacoecia acclivana F, G C. consimilana: F Germany, neotype of Tortrix consimilana G Italy H C. eatoniana, Spain. Scale bar: 100 μm, all to scale.

Figure 6. Phalli with vesicae everted of the Clepsis neglectana species group A C. neglectana, Germany B C. striolana, Austria C C. trivia, Crete D C. acclivana, paralectotype of Cacoecia acclivana. The phallus of each species is shown in three aspects from top to bottom: sclerotised phallic tube (without vesica) in dorsal view (viewpoint marked with black arrow), vesica in dorsal view (viewpoint marked with white arrow) and whole phallus in left view. 1 cornutus, 2 diverticulum, 3 location of gonopore, 4 phallic process, 5 caulis. Scale bar: 250 μm.

Figure 10. Male genitalia of the Clepsis neglectana species group (some without phallus) A-B C. acclivana: A Cacoecia acclivana lectotype B C. acclivana paralectotype, right valva intentionally not cleaned from scales C Clepsis semiana, holotype of Cacoecia unifasciana var. semiana. Scale bar: 500 μm, all to scale.

Figure 17. Distribution map of examined material of Clepsis neglectana and C. consimilana species groups. Map created with SimpleMappr (http: // www. simplemappr. net).