Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) metanotalis (Ogloblin, 1938)

Triapitsyn, Serguei V., Huber, John T., Logarzo, Guillermo A., Berezovskiy, Vladimir V. & Aquino, Daniel A., 2010, Review of Gonatocerus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in the Neotropical region, with description of eleven new species, Zootaxa 2456, pp. 1-243 : 179-183

Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) metanotalis (Ogloblin, 1938)

( Figs 372–378 )

Lymaenon metanotalis Ogloblin 1938b: 35 –37 + plate (lámina) III (illustrations). Type locality (of the lectotype, designated here): Puerto Rico, Misiones, Argentina.

Gonatocerus (Gonatocerus) metanotalis (Ogloblin) : De Santis 1967: 104 (catalog).

Gonatocerus metanotalis (Ogloblin) : Yoshimoto 1990: 40 (list); Logarzo et al. 2004: 486 (distribution and host associations of the specimens from Argentina); de León 2005: 298–300 (molecular data on specimens from Argentina); Jones, Logarzo, Virla et al. 2005: 343–344 (host information); de León et al. 2006a: 42 (molecular data); de León et al. 2006d: 52–54 (molecular data); de León et al. 2006e: 56–58 (molecular data); de León & Morgan 2006: 61 (molecular data); Triapitsyn 2006b: 112 (= G. sp. 5); Triapitsyn 2007: 59; de León & Morgan 2007: 83 (molecular data); de León et al. 2008: 99, 104–105 (molecular data); Virla et al. 2008: 59–61 (host information); Luft Albarracin et al. 2009: 9 (list; distribution and host associations in Argentina).

Lymaenon metanotalis Ogloblin : Loiácono et al. 2005: 14 (type information, invalid paratype designation).

Type material examined. Lectotype female [MLPA], here designated to avoid the existing confusion about the status of the type specimens of this species, on slide labeled: 1. “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. ♀ Puerto Rico, A.P. Misiones. 26.xii.1932 A. A. O. Typus!”; 2. “3859”; 3. [Red circle]. The lectotype, although insufficiently cleared, is in good condition, almost complete except lacking three apical tarsomeres of one middle leg and entire tarsus of one hind leg, is well spread out and mounted dorsoventrally. Paralectotypes [all MLPA]: 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A O ♀ nigriflagellum Gir. Loreto, Misiones. 13.iv.1932. A. O.” (mounted under the same coverslip with a male of G. (Cosmocomoidea) garchamp sp. n.); 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A O [ip] ♂ Loreto, Misiones 2.ix.1935. A. A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. [ip] ♀ Loreto, Misiones 13.iii.1934 A. A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. ♀ Loreto, Mision. 23.iv.1933. A. O.”; 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus ? metanotalis [ip] ♂ 23.viii.1932. A. O. Loreto. Misiones.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus ? metanotalis [ip] ♀ Loreto, Misiones 21.vii.1932. A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. ♀ Loreto, Misiones 14.iv.1933. A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. ♀ Loreto, Misiones 25.viii.1933.”; 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus ? metanotalis A O [ip] ♂ Loreto, Misiones 12.iii.1934. A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis ? [ip] ♀ Loreto, Misiones. 25iv.1932. A. A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A Ogl [ip] ♀ Loreto 9.xii.1931. A. O.”; 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. ♂ Loreto, Mision. 11.vi.1933.”; 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis ? [ip] ♂ v.1931. A. O. Loreto, Misiones”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis ♀ Loreto, Misiones 12.x.1933.”; 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. ♂ Loreto, Misiones. 14.iii.1933. A. O A. A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis ♀ A. O. 30.xi.1931. Loreto”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. ♀ Loreto, Misiones 29.ix.1933. A. A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. ♀ Loreto, Misiones 17.iv.1933. A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus metanotalis A. O. ♀ Loreto, Misiones 19.iv.1933. A. O.”.

This species was described from 15 female and 5 male syntypes, collected in Loreto and Puerto Rico , Misiones, Argentina. Altogether, 14 females and 6 males, all collected prior to 1938 and identified by Ogloblin as Gonatocerus metanotalis , were found in MLPA . We consider all of them as part of the original syntype series because it is impossible to determine which extra male from Loreto was not counted by Ogloblin as part of the type series. The female specimen from Puerto Rico is certainly part of the type series and therefore it is selected here as the lectotype. We could not locate in MLPA the female No. 3842/3, collected in Loreto on 21.xi.1931 that was invalidly designated as a paratype by Loiácono et al. (2005) and according to them was marked as such by Ogloblin himself.

Material examined. ARGENTINA. BUENOS AIRES, Hurlingham , USDA-ARS South American Biological Control Laboratory : emerged 5.xi.2004, first generation progeny of original wasps from Santa Clara (Jujuy, Argentina), from sentinel eggs of Tapajosa rubromarginata (Signoret) exposed 22–25.x.2004, G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone [1 ♀, UCRC] ; emerged x.2004, first generation progeny of original wasps from Campo Grande (Misiones, Argentina), from sentinel eggs of T. rubromarginata exposed ix.2004, G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone [10 ♀, 12 ♂, UCRC] . FORMOSA, Clorinda , exposed 18–22.xi.2003, emerged 1–5.xii.2003, G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [4 ♀, 2 ♂, UCRC] . JUJUY, Santa Clara : 22.i.2001, G.A.

Logarzo (from eggs of T. rubromarginata in citrus orchard) [14 ♀, 2 ♂, UCRC]; i.2001, G.A. Logarzo (from sentinel eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [4 ♀, 5 ♂, UCRC]. MISIONES: Campo Grande, emerged 25.ix.2004, G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone (from sentinel eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [8 ♀, 5 ♂, UCRC]. Eldorado, xi.2008, G.A. Logarzo, F. Palottini (from wild eggs of an unknown species of Proconiini ) [3 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]. Loreto: 3.viii.1931, A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♀, MLPA] (misidentified by Ogloblin as Ooctonus nigriflagellum Girault ); 12.iii.1934, A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♀, MLPA] (this specimen was identified by Ogloblin only to genus); 12.xii.1947, A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♂, MLPA]; 18.ii.1949, A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♀, MLPA]; Ruinas Jesuíticas, 21– 26.iii.2000, P. Fidalgo [1 ♀, UCRC]; Ruinas Jesuíticas, 24.iii.2000, P. Fidalgo [1 ♀, UCRC]; 27°20’10.0’’S 55°31’36.9’’W, 172 m, 16.ii.2009, D.A. Aquino, A.V. Ossipov, S.V. Triapitsyn [1 ♀, UCRC]; 27°20’15.5’’S 55°31’50.3’’W, 178 m, 19.ii.2009, D.A. Aquino, A.V. Ossipov, S.V. Triapitsyn [2 ♀, UCRC]. Oberá: x.2006, G.A. Logarzo, V. Varni (from sentinel eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [3 ♀, UCRC]; exposed to sentinel eggs of T. rubromarginata 5–8.x.2006, emerged 24.x.2006, G.A. Logarzo, V. Varni [2 ♀, 4 ♂, UCRC]; xi.2006, G.A. Logarzo, V. Varni (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [3 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]. Parque Nacional Iguazú, 25°42’11.9’’S 54°25’26.6’’W, 194-196 m, near Río Paraná bank, 18-19.ii.2009, D.A. Aquino, S.V. Triapitsyn, A.V. Ossipov [1 ♀, UCRC]. 5 km E of Puerto Iguazú, 2–7.ii.1992, S.A. Marshall [1 ♀, CNCI]. Reserva de Vida Silvestre Urugua-í, 25°58.471’S 54°06.986’W, 400 m, 10–12.xii.2003, B.V. Brown, G. Kung [1 ♀, UCRC]. San Vicente, xii.2000, G.A. Logarzo (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [1 ♀, UCRC]. SALTA: Canyada La Gotera, 19.ii.1993, S.A. Marshall [1 ♀, CNCI]. Tartagal, exposed 6–8.x.2004, emerged 20.x.2004, G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [7 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]. TUCUMÁN: San Miguel de Tucumán, E.G. Virla: 5.i.2001 (second generation in laboratory on eggs of T. rubromarginata , originally from Tafí Viejo, Tucumán) [1 ♀, 2 ♂, UCRC]; 18.i.2001 (third generation in laboratory on eggs of T. rubromarginata , originally from Tafí Viejo, Tucumán) [8 ♂, UCRC]. Tafí Viejo: 18–19.xii.2000, E.G. Virla (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [11 ♀, 2 ♂, UCRC]; xii.2000, E.G. Virla (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [11 ♀, 4 ♂, UCRC]; xi.2000 – iii.2001, G.A. Logarzo, E.G. Virla (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [13 ♀, 5 ♂, UCRC]; 5.i.2001, E.G. Virla (second generation in laboratory, on eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [1 ♀, UCRC]; 19.i.2001, E.G. Virla (from eggs of T. rubromarginata in citrus orchard) [1 ♀, 4 ♂, UCRC]; exposed to sentinel eggs of T. rubromarginata on lemon 12–21.ii.2002, G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone (emerged and died on route to USDA- APHIS Mission Quarantine Laboratory, Edinburg, Hidalgo Co., Texas, USA) [3 ♀, 9 ♂, UCRC]; 1– 18.iii.2002, G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone (from eggs of T. rubromarginata on lemon, 2 ♀ emerged 28.iii.2002 and died at USDA-APHIS Mission Quarantine Laboratory, Edinburg, Hidalgo Co., Texas, USA) [11 ♀, UCRC]. BRAZIL. RONDONIA, Fazenda Rancho Grande (62 km S of Ariquemes), 10°32’S 62°48’W, 12–22.xi.1991, E.M. Fisher [1 ♀, UCDC]. PARAGUAY. ITAPÚA, San Pedro-mí, Reserva San Rafael, 26°31’24’’S 55°48’18’’W, 90 m, 26–30.xi.2000, Z.H. Falin [1 ♀, CNCI].

Extralimital records. USA. TEXAS, Hidalgo Co. , Edinburg, USDA-APHIS Mission Quarantine Laboratory, vouchers from colony on Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) eggs , 4.iv.2002 (first generation progeny, originally from Argentina, Tucumán, Tafí Viejo, 1–18.iii.2002, G.A. Logarzo, from eggs of T. rubromarginata on lemon) [5 ♀, 2 ♂, UCRC] .

Redescription. FEMALE (lectotype, paralectotypes, and non-type specimens). Body length 1150–1700 µm. Body mostly yellow or yellowish-orange, trabeculae dark brown, interocellar area brown; scape yellow, pedicel light brown, and flagellum brown to dark brown; legs mostly yellow except metatibia slightly darker, yellowish brown to brown; gaster pale or light yellow, with 4 narrow brown bands on terga.

Antenna ( Fig. 372 ) with radicle about 0.3x total length of scape, rest of scape 2.3–3.1x as long as wide; pedicel either a little shorter than F1 or about as long as F1; F1 without mps, about as long as or a little longer than F8, F2–F5 longer than other funicle segments; mps on F2 (usually 1, occasionally 0), F3 (1 or 2), F4 (1 or 2), F5 (2), F6 (usually 2, rarely 1), F7 (2), and F8 (2); clava with 8 mps, 3.5–4.1x as long as wide, at least a little longer than combined length of F6–F8.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 374 ). Mesoscutum and scutellum almost smooth; propodeum ( Fig. 373 ) with well-developed submedian carinae, the carinae a little wider at anterior than posterior margin of propodeum but notably widening and connected to each other at anterior margin, smooth between them and also between submedian and lateral carinae. Forewing ( Fig. 375 ) 3.2–3.6x as long as wide; longest marginal seta about 0.2x maximum wing width; disc almost hyaline or at most with a slight brownish tinge (slightly more pronounced behind stigmal vein in some specimens), bare behind submarginal vein, with a cubital row of setae complete and a few setae between it and marginal and stigmal veins, densely setose elsewhere. Hind wing 16–19x as long as wide; disc with a row of setae along each margin and a few additional setae basally and apically, almost hyaline or at most with a slight brownish tinge apically; longest marginal seta 1.7–1.8x maximum wing width.

Petiole 1.0–1.2x as wide as long; gaster longer than mesosoma; ovipositor about 0.7x length of gaster, barely exserted beyond apex of gaster; 1.0–1.1x as long as mesotibia.

Measurements (µm) of the lectotype. Total body length 1690; mesosoma 640; petiole 88; gaster 726; ovipositor 515. Antenna: radicle 79; rest of scape 200; pedicel 73; F1 91; F2 123; F3 113; F4 118; F5 100; F6 88; F7 85; F8 73; clava 294. Forewing 1734:480; longest marginal seta 100. Hind wing 1242:67; longest marginal seta 118.

MALE (paralectotypes and non-type specimens). Body length 1100–1450 µm. Similar to female except for normal sexually dimorphic features and the following. Body generally a little darker: vertex often entirely brownish (notably more so between ocelli), scape yellow, pedicel and flagellum brown to dark brown; pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum, axillae, and dorsellum light brown or brown; brown bands on gastral terga wider than in female. Antenna as in Fig. 376 . Forewing ( Fig. 378 ) 3.3–3.5x as long as wide. Genitalia as in Fig. 377 .

Diagnosis. Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) metanotalis is a member of the ater subgroup of the ater species group. It is almost indistinguishable from G. (Cosmocomoidea) triguttatus Girault , which has at least 1 (usually 2) mps on F1 of the female antenna ( Fig. 472 ). According to de León (2005) and de León et al. (2006e), these two species differ genetically although they are closely related to each other and also to G. (Cosmocomoidea) ashmeadi Girault and G. (Cosmocomoidea) uat Triapitsyn , which, however, have a dark brown mesosoma.

Distribution. NEOTROPICAL: Argentina, Brazil *, and Paraguay *.

Hosts. Oncometopia tucumana Schröder (Virla et al. 2008) , Plesiommata mollicella (Fowler) and Scopogonalia subolivacea (Stål) ( Luft Albarracin et al. 2009), and Tapajosa rubromarginata (Signoret) (Cicadellidae) . Homalodisca liturata Ball , H. vitripennis (Germar) and Oncometopia sp. ( Proconiini ) were factitious hosts under quarantine laboratory conditions in the USA ( Logarzo et al. 2004; Jones, Logarzo, Triapitsyn et al. 2005; Jones, Logarzo, Virla et al. 2005).

Comments. Three distinct molecular clades were reported by de León et al. (2006d) among the specimens of G. metanotalis in Argentina; we have examined the voucher specimens of both sexes from that study and could not find any meaningful morphological differences between them.

Figures

FIGURES 372 – 375. Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) metanotalis ♀ (Tafí Viejo, Tucumán, Argentina): 372, antenna; 373, dorsellum and propodeum; 374, mesosoma and metasoma; 375, forewing.

FIGURES 376 – 378. Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) metanotalis ♂ (Tafí Viejo, Tucumán, Argentina): 376, antenna; 377, genitalia; 378, forewing.

FIGURES 472 – 475. Gonatocerus (Cosmocomoidea) triguttatus ♀ (from colony of Tamaulipas, Mexico, origin – California Department of Food and Agriculture Mt. Rubidoux Field Station, Riverside, California, USA): 472, antenna; 473, dorsellum, propodeum, and petiole; 474, mesosoma and metasoma; 475, forewing.