Tynanthus panurensis (Bureau) Sandwith (1953: 465)

Medeiros, Maria Cláudia Melo Pacheco De & Lohmann, Lúcia G., 2015, Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), Phytotaxa 216 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

10. Tynanthus panurensis (Bureau) Sandwith (1953: 465) (as “ Tynnanthus ”). Schizopsis panurensis Bureau (1865: 373) . Lectotype (designated here):— BRAZIL. Amazonas: “Prope Panuré ad Rio Uaupés”, October 1852 – January 1853, R. Spruce 2626 (P! (barcode 468600); isolectotypes BM! (barcode 992358), BM! (barcode 992358) as photocopy at MO (2300302), BR! (barcode 876218), E! (barcode 394578) photo, G!, G! as photocopy at F (785147), G! as photocopy at MO (1693115), G! as photocopy at NY, G! as photocopy at US, K! (barcode 449548), LE!, P! (barcodes 3606843, 608100), TCD! (barcode 550) photo).

Fig. 14 : E–I

Lianas. Branchlets tetragonal to terete, without ritidome, finely striated, lenticeled to densely lenticeled, puberulent to glabrescent, with simple and peltate trichomes; interpetiolar ridge absent or present; interpetiolar patelliform glands absent; prophylls of the axillary buds 2.5–5 mm long, 1.5–3.5 mm wide, foliaceous, obovate, puberulent throughout, with simple, peltate and patelliform trichomes. Leaves 2–3 foliolated (more commonly 3); terminal leaflets often modified into trifid tendrils, without adhesive-disks on tip; petioles and petiolules puberulent to glabrescent throughout surface, with simple and peltate trichomes; petioles 3–12 cm long; petiolules 0.7–7.8 cm long; leaflets (3.7–) 6.5–20.4 cm long, (2–) 4.1–13.7 cm wide, membranous to chartaceous or coriaceous, discolor, elliptic to ovate; apex acuminate, mucronate; base cuneate or obtuse, symmetrical or asymmetrical; margin entire; the abaxial surface pubescent to glabrescent on and near the veins, with simple, peltate and patelliform trichomes; the adaxial surface pubescent to glabrescent on and near the veins, with simple and peltate trichomes; glandular trichomes distributed especially on the abaxial surface; second venation weak brochidodromous; pocket domatia without trichomes. Inflorescence axilar or terminal, a thyrse, lax, with conical aspect, (3–) 5–13 cm long; axis pubescent to puberulent, with simple and peltate trichomes; bracts of the inflorescence caducous or persistent, pubescent throughout, 1–2.1 mm long; floral bracts 0.6–0.9 mm long; floral pedicels (0.5–) 1–9 mm long. Calyx green, 2.5–4 mm long, 1.9–3 mm wide, with transversal aperture, truncate or minutely 5-denticulate, puberulent throughout outside, without patelliform glands; lobes 0.1–0.3(–0.6) mm long. Corolla cream or pale yellow (sometimes pale lilac), 1.2–1.7 cm long, 4–6 mm wide at the tube opening; tube 6–7 mm long, internally tomentose at the base, with simple and long and short stipitate trichomes; nectar guides absent, but with a path of long and short stipitate trichomes; lobes densely pubescent to pubescent throughout lower ones and at the margin of upper ones; upper ones 0.6–1.4 mm long, 0.9–1.9 mm wide, acute to obtuse; lower ones 3.2–5.1 mm long, 3.1–4.2 mm wide, obtuse to rounded. Androecium with fertile stamens inserted 1.5–3 mm from the base of the corolla; shorter ones 3.5–6 mm long; longer ones 4–8 mm long; anthers thecae 1–1.2 mm long, obovate to elliptic, subexserted; connective extending 0.2–0.4 mm beyond anther attachment; staminode 3–3.3 mm long, glabrous. Gynoecium 7–13 mm long; ovary 1.5–2 mm long, 0.7–0.9 mm wide, conical, densely pubescent; style 5–12 mm long, tomentose to pubescent at the base. Fruit a linear flattened capsule, 22–25 cm long, (0.5–) 0.9–1.4 cm wide, coriaceous to woody, smooth to granular near the midvein and granular near the margins, densely lenticeled, pubescent, with simple, peltate and patelliform trichomes; central ridge single, not prominent; margins slightly raised (unwinged), 0.1–0.2 cm wide. Seeds not seen.

Phenology: —Flowers from October to April. Two fruiting collections were observed, one made in December and the other in May (fallen fruits).

Distribution and habitat: —Occurs in moist broadleaf forests from Brazil (Amazonas), Colombia (Amazonas and Caquetá), Ecuador (Orellana) and Peru (Loreto, Pasco and San Martín) ( Fig. 16).

Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Amazonas: SEPLAC, km 60 on Manaus – Caracarai Road ( BR 174 ), 1 December 1974, A. H . Gentry 12997 ( INPA photo, MG, MO, R) . COLOMBIA. Amazonas: Araracuara, Villa Azul , Rio Caquetá, margen izquierda frente isla Sumaeta, 12 May 1989, C . Londoño et al. 625 ( MO); Ibid., 200–300 m, 22 November 1989, C . Londoño et al. 1449 ( MO). Caquetá: 10 km S of San Jose de Fragua, 320 m, 11 January 1974, A. H . Gentry et al. 9144 ( MO). Araracuara, 28 January 1989, A. H . Gentry et al. 65294 ( MO) . ECUADOR. Orellana: Tiputini Biodiversity Station, Río Tiputini, about 20 km (via air) east of confluence with Río Tivacuno , Near Erwin Plot #1 off Sendero Harpia, 250 m, October 1998, R. J . Burnham et al. 2307 ( MO) .

TAXONOMIC REVISION OF TYNANTHUS (BIGNONIEAE)

Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 33 PERU. Loreto: Alto Amazonas, Capihuari, 5 km NE of Andoas on Río Capihuari , near Ecuador border, Along oil pipeline, 240 m, 17 November 1979, A. H . Gentry & C . Díaz 28174 ( F, MO, NY); Few km W of Shucushayacu on Rio Huallaga above Yurimaguas , 180 m, 11 October 1985, A. H . Gentry et al. 52229 ( SPF). Mariscal Ramón Castilla, Pebas, Bora Native community of Brillo Nuevo , Yaguasyacu River (affluent of Ampiyacu River ), ca. 150 km ENE of Iquitos, 106 m, 31 October 1981, J . Treacy & J. B . Alcorn 259 ( F); 4 November 1981, J . Treacy & J. B . Alcorn 333 ( F). Maynas, Florida, Rio Putumayo, at mouth of Rio Zubineta , 200 m, March–April 1931, G . Klug 1972 ( BM, F, MO, NY, US); Nanay to (ad) Iquitos , 200 m, 10 December 1958, F . Woytkowski 5151 ( K, MO); Río Ampiyacu, Pebas and vicinity, Trail north from town, 10 April 1977, T . Plowman et al. 6706 ( F photo, MO); Near Brilla Nueva, Borro Indian village on upper Rio Yaguasyacu , tributary of Rio Ampiyacu , 8 November 1977, A. H . Gentry & J . Revilla 20476 ( F); Mishana, Rio Nanay , 130 m, 3 December 1977, A. H . Gentry et al. 21066 ( F, MO, NY); Ibid., Río Nanay halfway between Iquitos and Santa Maria de Nanay , Cerca del campamento No. 1, 140 m, 19 May 1979, C . Diaz et al. 1105 ( F, MO); Ecuador border, 1–2 km from Puerto Peru (military post 8 km from mouth of Río Gueppi , tributary of Río Putumayo ), 200 m, 18 May 1978, A. H . Gentry et al. 22055 ( MO); Pucaurquillo, Trail behind Bora villiage towards mounte, 18 August 1981, R . Hahn & R . Tredwell 3 I? ( MO 2927651 ); Rio Ampiyacu, Pucuarquillo, Path to Witoto central forest, behind Pucuarquillo, 21 September 1981, R . Hahn et al. 145 ( MO); Iquitos, Allpahuayo, Estación Experimental del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana ( IIAP), Muestreo de 1000 m 2, Transecto No 9, 150– 180 m, 26 May 1991, R . Vásquez & N . Jaramillo 16543 ( MO); Ibid. , Linea F de la parcela de 25 ha, subparcela 5, 150 m, 20 March 1992, R . Vásquez et al. 17806 ( MO); San Francisco de Orellana, Rio Napo, trail of Pue San Pedro below caserio of Juancho Playa, 9 November 1978, M . Rimachi Y . 4064 ( F photo, MO, NY). Requena, Jenaro Herrera, Río Ucayali below Requena, 9 December 1977, A. H . Gentry et al. 21323 ( F, MO); Ibid., Río Ucayali , 19 February 1987, A. H . Gentry et al. 56126 ( F, MO); Sapuena, Basin of Río Ucayali, Arboretum Jenaro Herrera , 21 April 1987, D. C . Daly et al. 5122 ( MO, NY). Pasco: Oxapampa, Cabeza de Mono , Río Iscozacin , 10 km SW of Iscozasin, Palcazu Valley , 320 m, 9 June 1983, A. H . Gentry et al. 41745 ( MO); Shiringamazu, ca 20 km S of Iscozacin, Río Palcazu Valley , 300 m, 6 July 1988, A. H . Gentry et al. 63339 A ( MO). San Martín: San Martin, Near km 50 Yurimaguas – Tarapoto road, 200 m, 12 October 1985, A. H . Gentry et al. 52280 ( F, MO) .

34 • Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MEDEIROS & LOHMANN

Taxonomic notes: — Tynanthus panurensis is characterized by the foliaceous prophylls of the axillary buds, unusually long petioles (up to ca. 12 cm) and petiolules (up to ca. 7.8 cm), lax inflorescences, corollas 1.2–1.7 cm long and fruits with slightly raised margins. This species is closely related to T. pubescens ( Medeiros & Lohmann 2015) , with which it shares lax inflorescences and a similar corolla length (1.2–1.7 cm in T. panurensis and 1–1.6 cm in T. pubescens ); however, T. panurensis can be separated by the foliaceous prophylls of the axillary buds (versus minute prophylls in T. pubescens ), and only slightly raised fruit margins (versus prominently raised in T. pubescens ). Despite the phylogenetic proximity between these species, T. panurensis is morphologically most similar to T. densiflorus , with which it shares some morphological features (see taxonomic notes under T. densiflorus ).

Nomenclatural notes: —Three duplicates of the collection Spruce 2626 were located at P, and the best quality flowering material is here selected as the lectotype.

Figures

FIGURE 14. A–D. Tynanthus micranthus: A. Flowering branch; B. Open corolla showing the androecium; C. Open calyx showing the gynoecium (M.C. Medeiros 32, SPF); D. Fruit (J.S. Carneiro 300, FUEL). E–I. T. panurensis: E. Branch; F. Interpetiolar region showing the foliaceous prophylls of the axillary buds; G. Inflorescence; H. Flower; I. Fruit (E–F and I: A.H. Gentry 21066, MO)(G–H: G. Klug 1972, NY). Illustration by Klei Sousa.