Glyptapanteles wonyoungchoi Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles wonyoungchoi Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Fig. 221

Female.

Body length 1.91 mm, antenna length 2.27 mm, fore wing length 2.07 mm.

Type material.

Holotype COSTA RICA • 1♀; 08-SRNP-32128, DHJPAR0031023; Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Pitilla, Colocho ; rain forest; 375 m; 11.02367, -85.41884; 25.viii.2008; Calixto Moraga leg.; caterpillar collected in fifth instar; cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 02.ix.2008; adult parasitoids emerged on 05.ix.2008; ( CNC) . Paratypes. • 7 (1♀, 1♂) (5♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-32128, DHJPAR0031023; same data as for holotype; ( CNC) .

Other material.

Reared material. COSTA RICA: Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector Rincón Rain Forest, Estación llanura: • 7 (3♀, 1♂) (3♀, 0 ♂); 09-SRNP-44894, DHJPAR0039971; rain forest; 135 m; 10.93332, -85.25331; 04.vii.2009; Mercedes Moraga leg. ; caterpillar collected in fifth instar; cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 07.vii.2009; adult parasitoids emerged on 14.viii.2009. • 15 (4♀, 4♂) (0 ♀, 4♂); 11-SRNP-75522, DHJPAR0045124; same data as for preceding except: 31.vii.2011; Duvalier Briceño leg. ; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; cocoons formed on 05.viii.2011; adult parasitoids emerged on 15.viii.2011.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector Rincón Rain Forest, Jacobo : • 19 (5♀, 2♂) (12♀, 0 ♂); 10-SRNP-81702, DHJPAR0041651; rain forest; 461 m; 10.94076, -85.3177; 26.xii.2010; Edwin Apu leg. ; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; two rows of cordwood cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 28.xii.2010; adult parasitoids emerged on 07.i.2011.

Diagnosis.

Ventral margin of fore telotarsus apex excavated, but without seta, mesoscutum punctation distinct proximally ranging to satiny distally ( Fig. 221E ), fore wing with vein 2-1A absent, vein 1 cu-a curved, r vein curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub ( Fig. 221K ), fore telotarsus almost same width throughout, medioposterior band of scutellum only very partially overlapping the medioanterior pit of metanotum ( Fig. 221E ), petiole on T1 distally with lateral margins curved (convex), finely sculptured on distal half ( Fig. 221F, G, H ), surface of metasternum flat or nearly so, precoxal groove deep with lineate sculpture ( Fig. 221A, I ), dorsal outer depression on hind coxa present ( Fig. 221A, J ), inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets ( Fig. 221B ), propodeum without median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 221F ), and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 ( Fig. 221G, H ).

Coloration

( Fig. 221 A–K ). General body coloration black except scape and pedicel yellow; antenna tricolored: first four proximal antennal flagellomeres completely yellow, following five-seven flagellomeres totally yellow-brown and remaining flagellomeres brown on both sides; labrum and mandible yellow; glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae pale yellow/ivory. Eyes gray/silver and ocelli reddish (in preserved specimen); entire middle part of face, dorsal furrow of pronotum, epicnemial ridge, mesopleuron ventrally, and distal corners of mesoscutum with yellow-brown/reddish tints. Fore and middle legs yellow, except brown claws; hind legs dark brown/black except coxae distally, trochanter, trochanteli, tibial spurs, distal 1/3 of tibiae, and proximal 1/3 of basitarsus yellow. Petiole on T1 brown, but proximal 1/4 yellow-brown/reddish, contours darkened and sublateral areas with two colorations: proximal half light brown and distal half ivory/pale yellow-brown; T2 with median area and lateral ends completely yellow, although contour of median area dark light brown; T3 yellow; T4 and beyond brown; distally each tergum with a narrow yellowish translucent band. In lateral view, T1 yellow-brown; T2-3 yellow; T4 and beyond brown. S1-3 yellow; S4 proximal half yellow, distal half brown; penultimate sternum and hypopygium brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 221 A–D ). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.16:0.06, 0.17:0.06, 0.16:0.06), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.11:0.03, 0.09:0.03), antenna longer than body (2.27, 1.91); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, dense fine punctations, interspaces smooth and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate-lacunose and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.08, 012). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli slightly depressed. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 221A, E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Distal 1/3 of mesoscutum with lateral margin slightly dented, punctation distinct proximally ranging to satiny distally, interspaces with microsculpture. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS, but not in the same plane, scutellar punctation indistinct throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune with a little, complete parallel carinae; dorsal ATS groove with carinae only proximally. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation with a smooth and shiny sloped transverse strip. Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM circular without median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with a well-defined row of foveae and distally smooth. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half weakly curved with fine sculpture and distal half rugose; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short concave carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with a mix of rugae and fine punctation, dorsally with a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove deep with transverse lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped.

Legs ( Fig. 221A ). Ventral margin of fore telotarsus apex excavated, but without seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.10, 0.06). Hind coxa with punctation only on ventral surface, dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.16, 0.11), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.10, 0.09).

Wings ( Fig. 221K ). Fore wing with r vein curved; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein straight; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with a small smooth area; vein 2CUa absent and vein 2CUb spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A absent; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved and complete, but junction with 1-1A vein spectral. Hind wing with vannal lobe narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 221A, G, H, J ). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured on distal half, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but narrowing over distal 1/3 (length 0.27, maximum width 0.12, minimum width 0.09), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.11, length T2 0.11), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.11, maximum width 0.19, minimum width 0.05), T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.15, 0.11) and with pubescence more notorious in distal half. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoons. Oval cocoons with ordered silk fibers, covered by a net. Two rows of cordwood cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate.

Comments.

In some specimens their bodies are nearly colorless; however, the lighter areas present in so called 'normal specimens’ can also be distinguished in these albinos; the petiole distally looks convex; the lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 are almost reaching the distal edge of T2; however, the brown coloration is not throughout the edge ( Fig. 221G, H ). Some females are darker than others and the yellow coloration on T2-3 is replaced by yellow-brown; and the body is slim and elongated.

Male.

Similar in coloration to females except than in males, indeed in the same gregarious sample, the petiole is completely brown, the median area on T2 is brown with lateral ends yellow-brown, and the T3 is light brown and lateral ends with some yellow-brown spot.

Etymology.

Won-Young Choi was a Korean entomologist, who worked at the National Institute of Biological Resources ( NIBR), Incheon, Korea. As a graduate student at UIUC, IL, USA, he contributed especially to the knowledge of taxonomy of Diolcogaster ( Microgastrinae) from ACG.

Distribution.

The parasitized caterpillars were collected in Costa Rica, ACG, Sector Rincón Rain Forest ( Estación llanura and Jacobo) and Sector Pitilla (Colocho), during August 2008, July 2009, December 2010, and July 2011 at 135 m, 375 m, and 461 m in rain forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.

Host.

Antiblemma ceras Druce ( Erebidae : Eulepidotinae) feeding on Conostegia xalapensis ( Melastomataceae ). Caterpillars were collected in fourth and fifth instar.

Figures

Figure 221. Glyptapanteles wonyoungchoi sp. nov. female 08 - SRNP- 32128 DHJPAR 0031023 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, pronotum, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Metanotum, propodeum, T 1, dorsal view G T 1 - 2, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings, male 11 - SRNP- 75522 DHJPAR 0045124.