Copelatus mopanshanensis Jiang, Zhao & Hájek, 2022

Jiang, Zhuo-Yin, Zhao, Shuang, Yang, Zhen-Yu, Jia, Feng-Long & Hájek, Jiří, 2022, A review of Copelatus Erichson, 1832 of Mainland China, with description of ten new species from the japonicus complex (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Copelatinae), Zootaxa 5124 (3), pp. 251-295 : 262-264

Copelatus mopanshanensis Jiang, Zhao & Hájek sp. nov.

( Figs 12 , 45–46 )

Type locality. China, Yunnan Province, Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County, Mopan Mountain National Forestry Park , 23°56′18.71″N 101°59′17.16″E, ca. 2520 m .

Type material. Holotype ♂ ( ZSMG), labelled: “ China: Yunnan, Mo Pan shan / Liao Wa Ta , 2526m, 19.v.2011 / 23.93853 N 101.98810 E, Song / Keking M (1398) [p] // DNA / M.Balke / 6576 [p, green typing] // HOLOTYPE / COPELATUS / mopanshanensis sp. nov. / Jiang, Zhao & Hájek det. 2021 [red label, p]” . Paratypes: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same label data as holotype ( NMPC, ZSMG) ; 1 ♂, 3 ♀, labelled: “ CHINA: Yunnan Province / Mopanshan Mt., Yuelianghu / 23.947N 101.965E / 1973 m, 19.v.2011 / Keqing Song leg. [p]” ( SYSU). All paratypes with the respective paratype label .

Description of male holotype. Habitus ( Fig. 12 ) oblong-oval, with continuous outline, broadest in anterior 1/3 of elytral length, convex. Dorsal surface shiny.

Colouration. Head brownish black, clypeus and two oval spots on vertex reddish brown; pronotum brownish black, laterally broadly orange-brown, anterior and posterior margin somewhat orange-brown translucent; elytra brown, lateral sides and base indistinctly paler – orange-brown; appendages orange-brown; ventral side brownish black.

Head. Moderately broad, ca. 0.61× width of pronotum, semicircular. Anterior margin of clypeus indistinctly concave. Antenna with antennomeres long and slender. Reticulation consisting of moderately deeply impressed polygonal isodiametric meshes. Punctation double, consisting of coarse setigerous punctures, and fine punctures spread sparsely on surface; row of coarse punctures present alongside inner margin of eyes, several punctures present also in fronto-clypeal depressions; fine punctures smaller and sparser on clypeus, becoming larger and more dense posteriorly.

Pronotum. Transverse (width/length ratio = 2.76), broadest between posterior angles, lateral margins moderately curved. Lateral sides with beading thin but distinct, except for anterior angles. Reticulation similar to that of head. Punctation similar to that of head; rows of coarse setigerous punctures present along anterior margin, laterally close to sides, several punctures present also in shallow baso-lateral depressions along basal margin. Pronotum without strioles, surface baso-laterally only with indistinct wrinkles. Centre of disc with shallowly impressed medial longitudinal groove.

Elytra. Base of elytra as broad as pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra slightly diverging in basal third, then distinctly narrowing to apex. Six complete discal and one submarginal longitudinal striae present on each elytron: striae 2–4 beginning at base, striae 1, 5–6 beginning slightly posteriorly to base; stria 1 longest, ending close to apex; striae 2–5 somewhat shorter, ending subapically, even striae generally shorter than odd striae; stria 6 ending at apical fourth; submarginal stria long, beginning before elytral mid-length and ending at apical fifth. Reticulation similar to that of head and pronotum, but less impressed. Punctation consisting of coarse setigerous punctures and very fine sparse punctures; coarse punctures present along elytral striae and lateral margins of elytra.

Legs. Protibia modified, angled near base, distinctly broadened anteriorly, club shaped. Pro- and mesotarsomeres 1–3 distinctly broadened, with four rows of adhesive setae on their ventral side; claws simple.

Ventral side. Prosternum sinuate anteriorly, obtusely keeled medially. Prosternal process shortly lanceolate, in cross-section convex, apex obtuse; process distinctly bordered laterally; reticulation not perceptible. Metaventrite with microsculpture consisting of polygonal meshes, laterally with oblique strioles; lateral parts of metaventrite (“metasternal wings”) tongue-shaped, slender. Metacoxal lines nearly complete, absent only close to metaventrite. Metacoxal plates covered with short oblique strioles; reticulation consisting of elongate, oblique, polygonal meshes. Metacoxal processes rounded at posterior margin. Abdominal ventrites I–II with longitudinal strioles; ventrites III–IV with oblique strioles laterally. Tuft of setae present medially on ventrites III–V; ventrite VI with setigerous punctures laterally on either side. Abdominal reticulation consisting of elongate polygonal meshes, longitudinal on ventrites I–II, oblique on ventrite III and transverse on ventrites IV–VI. Punctation consisting of fine, sparsely distributed punctures.

Male genitalia. Median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view sickle-shaped, broad in basal two thirds of its length, with bulge on ventral side in two thirds; apical third slender, bisinuous, apex obtusely pointed ( Fig. 45 ). Parameres moderately broad, ‘D’-shaped; apex short and broad; apical lobes long, club-shaped ( Fig. 46 ).

Female. Identical to male in habitus. Protibia simple, not angled basally and only slightly broadened distally; pro- and mesotarsomeres not broadened, without adhesive setae. Pronotum baso-laterally with several irregular longitudinal strioles. Very short and sparse irregular strioles present between striae in basal half of elytra.

Variability. In addition to differences of female described above, no substantial variability can be seen in the limited number of specimens available to us.

Measurements. TL: 5.3–5.8 mm (mean value: 5.6 ± 0.2 mm); holotype: 5.8 mm. TL-h: 4.8–5.4 mm (mean value: 5.0 ± 0.2 mm); holotype: 5.4 mm. MW: 2.6–2.9 mm (mean value: 2.8 ± 0.1 mm); holotype: 2.9 mm.

Differential diagnosis. Based on the presence of six dorsal striae and a submarginal stria on each elytron, the new species can be classified within Copelatus irinus species group. Elongate habitus, complete elytral striation and male median lobe without distinct process place C. mopanshanensis sp. nov. in the C. japonicus complex. Within the complex, the new species can be undoubtedly recognised only based on the shape of male genitalia: median lobe is broad in basal two thirds; apical part is slenderer, bisinuous. The most similar genitalia are those of Copelatus felicis sp. nov., but the median lobe is broader and with distinct swelling on ventral side in three fourths of its length, and the apical part is slenderer in the latter species (see Figs 35 and 45 ).

Etymology. The species is named after the Mopan Shan mountains where it was collected. The specific epithet is an adjective in the nominative singular.

Distribution. A species endemic to China, so far known only from two very close localities in Mopan Shan mountains in central Yunnan ( Fig. 82 ).

Figures

FIGURE 82. Map of distribution of Copelatus in China Mainland.

FIGURES 9–12. Habitus of Copelatus in China. 9. C. malaisei (♂; Tengchong, Yunnan); 10. C. malaisei (♀; Tengchong, Yunnan); 11. C. miaowangi sp. nov. (paratype ♂; Liupanshui, Guizhou); 12. C. mopanshanensis sp. nov. (paratype ♂; Mopan Shan, Yunnan). Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURES 39–50. Male genitalia of Copelatus. 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49. median lobe in lateral view; 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50. paramere. 39–40. C. japonicus (Shanghai); 41. C. malaisei (a. Gaoligongshan, Yunnan; b. Renjiafen, Yunnan); 42. C. malaisei (Renjiafen, Yunnan); 43–44. C. miaowangi sp. nov. (paratype, Liupanshui, Guizhou); 45–46. C. mopanshanensis sp. nov. (holotype, Mopanshan, Yunnan); 47–48. C. nanlingensis sp. nov. (holotype, Dadongshan, Guangdong); 49–50. C. oblitus (Macao). Scale bar 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 29–38. Male genitalia of Copelatus. 29, 31, 33, 35, 37. median lobe in lateral view; 30, 32, 34, 36, 38. paramere. 29–30. C. bacchusi (Hainan); 31. C. chinensis (a. Lakeshan, Zhejiang; b. Yanjiajie, Hunan; c. Tainmushan, Zhejiang); 32. C. chinensis (Tianmushan, Zhejiang); 33. C. dentatipenis sp. nov. (a. holotype, Jinggangshan, Jiangxi; b. Guadun, Fujian; c. Mangshan, Hunan); 34. C. dentatipenis sp. nov. (holotype, Jinggangshan, Jiangxi); 35–36. C. felicis sp. nov. (holotype, Baishui, Yunnan); 37. C. diversistriatus sp. nov. (a. holotype, Pu’er, Yunnan; aa. detail of lateral carina with spines; b. Attapeu, Laos; c. NE Mintaingbin Forest Camp, Myanmar); 38. C. diversistriatus sp. nov. (holotype, Pu’er, Yunnan). Scale bar 0.5 mm.