Graphium (Pazala) hoeneanus Cotton & Hu, 2018

Hu, Shao-Ji, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Duan, Kuang, Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Zhang, Xin & Cao, Jun, 2018, Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) mandarinus (Oberthür, 1879) Group, with Treatments of Known Taxa and Descriptions of New Species and New Subspecies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), Zootaxa 4441 (3), pp. 401-446 : 418-419

Graphium (Pazala) hoeneanus Cotton & Hu nom. nov., stat. rev.

( Figure 14 , D–F)

Papilio tamerlanus hoenei Mell, 1935 (junior primary and secondary homonym of Papilio agetes hönei Mell, 1923 [ Papilionidae : Graphium: Pathysa ]); Mitt. D. Ent. Ges., 6 (3/4): 36; TL: “Chekiang: West- und Ost-Tienmoshan (Fukien, Südkiangsi), Nordkwangtung” [= West and East Tianmu Shan, Zhejiang (Fujian, S. Jiangxi), N. Guangdong].

This taxon has previously been treated as synonymous with Graphium (Pazala) sichuanica ( Koiwaya, 1993) ( Racheli & Cotton 2009), but is here shown both on molecular and morphological characters to be worthy of separate specific status (stat. rev.). Since the only name applicable to the taxon is a junior homonym and thus unavailable, we hereby propose the new replacement name hoeneanus Cotton & Hu nom. nov. as the valid taxon name.

Diagnostic characters: Larger than the preceding species, forewing length: male 34.0–41.0 mm (mean = 37.6 ± 1.6 mm, n = 29), female 36.0–38.0 mm (mean = 37.0 ± 0.91 mm, n = 4). Both wings broader, rather whitish, with reduced black markings. Forewing, the 9th black band only reaches space cu2 and is only faintly indicated near the 8th black band, not clearly joining it (a). Hindwing, short submarginal black lines often disconnected from each other (b); the discocellular veins often tinged with black scales on the underside (c).

Distribution: Widely distributed in S. to E. China (i.e., Guangxi, Guangdong, Zhejiang; probably in Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, and Jiangxi).

Phenology: Univoltine. Adults were collected from early April to late May in Zhejiang, E. China (Jian-Qing Zhu, pers. comm.), as well as in Guangdong, S. China (Jia-Lin Chen, pers. comm.).

Host plant: According to Jian-Qing Zhu (pers. comm.), the host plant is Lindera reflexa of family Lauraceae in Zhejiang, E. China; while Wang & Gu (2017) recorded Machilus phoenicis of family Lauraceae in Nanling, S. China.

Derivatio nominis: The replacement name is dedicated to Hermann Höne, following the intention of Rudolf Mell in his original description of ‘ Papilio tamerlanus hoenei ’, and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Male genitalia ( Figure 17 ): In total eight male genitalia were dissected, the general characters are consistent, with the teeth on medial harpe variable. Moderately sclerotised. Ring slightly wavy in the upper half; saccus small; distance between the base of socii 0.84–0.90 mm (mean = 0.89 ± 0.02, n = 8). Valve elongate, oval in general, the dorsal terminal harpe with produced but non-elongate tip (as in sichuanica ); the dorsal subterminal harpe mediumsized (obviously larger than that in sichuanica ) and completely isolated; the medial harpe straight, the dorsal projection flat (as in sichuanica ); a variable number of small teeth (0–2) occur in the middle of the medial harpe.

Female genitalia ( Figure 18 ): Only two females were available for genitalia dissection, the characters are consistent. Lamella postvaginalis round petal-shaped; lamella antevaginalis broad horizontally, covered with sclerotised wrinkles (as in sichuanica ); ostial lobe heavily sclerotised, broad at the base and curved upwards into a sharp end in lateral view, while the posterior margin strongly bifurcated into a pair of large spurs deviating away from each other at the base in ventral view (smaller in sichuanica ).

Figures

FIGURE 14. G. (P.) sichuanica (Koiwaya, 1993) (A–C) and G. (P.) hoeneanus Cotton & Hu nom. nov., stat. rev. (D–F); upperside in the first row, underside in the second row; scale bar = 10 mm. A and B: ♂, Laohegou, Pingwu, Sichuan, W. China, © Peking University & Laohegou Nature Reserve; C: ♀, Tangjiahe, Qingchuan, Sichuan, W. China, © Peking University & Tangjiahe Nature Reserve; D: ♂, W. Tianmu Shan (350 m), Zhejiang, E. China; E: ♀, Tiantong (400 m), Ningbo, Zhejiang, E. China, © Jian-Qing Zhu (Shanghai Zoological Park, Shanghai, China); F: ♂, Lingui (360 m), Guilin, Guangxi, S.W. China.

FIGURE 17. Male genitalia of G. (P.) hoeneanus Cotton & Hu nom. nov., stat. rev. from W. Tianmu Shan, Zhejiang, E. China; scale bar = 1.0 mm. All: genitalia as a whole, R.: lateral view of ring, TSU: dorsal view of tegumen, socii, and uncus, V. right valve, Ae.: lateral view of aedeagus, Ju.: ventral view of juxta.

FIGURE 18. Female genitalia of G. (P.) hoeneanus Cotton & Hu nom. nov., stat. rev. from W. Tianmu Shan, Zhejiang, E. China; lateral view above, ventral view below; scale bar = 1.0 mm.