Baryconus graeffei ( Kieffer, 1908 )

Popovici, Ovidiu Alin, Masner, Lubomir, Notton, David G. & Popovici, Mariana, 2013, A review of Western Palaearctic Amblyscelio and Baryconus (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea, Platygastridae), Zootaxa 3599 (4), pp. 325-342 : 331-334

Baryconus graeffei ( Kieffer, 1908)

( Figs 4 A–B, 4E, 5, 7)

Hoploteleia graeffei Kieffer, 1908: 177 ; Kieffer, 1910: 308; Kieffer, 1914: 335; Kieffer, 1926: 365, 367; Kelner-Pillault, 1958: 150. Baryconus graeffei: Kieffer, 1926: 22 ; Kozlov, 1978: 614; Kozlov & Kononova, 1990: 205, 207; Kononova, 1995: 73; Kononova & Kozlov, 2008: 186, 189.

Female

Body length: 2.7–3.0 mm (2.9 ± 0.1, n = 10); male 2.8 mm.

Colour: body black; antenna in female variable, scape bicoloured, medially brown or dark-brown and almost the apical 1/3 light brown to yellowish, in one specimen scape almost entirely dark-brown; A2 brown; A3, 4 light brown in dorsal view; A3–5 light brown in ventral view, in most specimens, but in one specimen, A3–7 light brown in ventral view; in one specimen, A3–4 hardly lighter than rest of antennomeres; A6–12 brown to dark-brown.

Labrum and mandible brown. Wings transparent, with brown veins. Legs in most specimens reddish-yellow, coxae dark-brown. In one specimen mid part of femora brown and coxae dark

Head in dorsal view transverse, width 1.6–1.9 times length, 1.0–1.04 times width of mesosoma. Head, excluding frontal depression, covered with long silvery hairs. Hyperoccipital carina absent. Occipital carina present, strong, complete. Occiput smooth, glabrous, with a single row of setose tubercles below occipital carina. Vertex rugose-reticulate, interocellar space areolate-rugose. Compound eye large, glabrous. Length of compound eye 1.8–3.0 times length of temple, eye height 1.2–1.4 times length of eye and 1.6–2.0 times length of cheek. Inner orbits diverging below. OOL 1.8–2.8 times shorter than diameter of posterior ocellus. POL 1.8–2.1 times LOL. Distance between compound eyes (measured at level of anterior ocellus) 1.6–1.7 times POL. Space between anterior ocellus and frontal depression coriaceous, sometimes weakly rugose. Temple and space between compound eye and frontal depression shagreened. Orbital carina absent. Frontal depression deep, delimited laterally by the strong submedian carina. Frontal depression with conspicuous transverse striae. Central keel absent. Interantennal prominence conspicuous, torulus opening on anterofrontal surface of prominence. Malar sulcus deep and conspicuous. Genal carina present. Facial striae present, conspicuous, radiating in a fan from the base of the mandible. Clypeus rectangular, prominent, with 4 long setae. Labrum, 1.5 times longer than clypeus, apically with a row of long setae. Mandible stout, short, apex tridentate, teeth subequal, acute, median tooth shortest, dorsal and ventral teeth the longer, subequal. Number of maxillary palpomeres 4; number of labial palpomeres 2. Antenna with 12 antennomeres. Length of A1 6.0 times width, 3.8–4.3 times length of A2. Length of A2 1.8–2.0 times width and 0.7–0.9 times length of A3. A3, the longest funicular segment, 2.4–3.0 times width, 1.1–1.7 times length of A4. Length of A4 1.5–2.0 times width and 0.9–1.2 times length of A5. Width of A4 0.87–0.88 times width of A5. Length of A5 1.3–1.6 times width, 1.2–1.4 times length of A6. Length of A6 1.0–1.1 times width and 1.0–1.1 times length of A7. Clava non-abrupt; claval formula A7–12: 0:2:2:2:2:1. Length of A12 1.4–1.6 times width and 1.2–1.6 times length of A11.

Mesosoma length 1.2–1.3 times width, dorsal margin of mesosoma, in lateral view, weakly convex. Dorsal epomial carina present, conspicuous; pronotal shoulders weakly developed. Longitudinal epomial carina absent so that the distinction between the cervical and lateral pronotal areas is not clear. Pronotal cervix small, hardly visible in dorsal view. Lateral pronotal areas broad, weakly concave; concavity is rugulose to punctuate, lustrous, glabrous; postero-dorsal corner, between dorsal epomial carina and netrion with a small area of silvery setae. Pronotal suprahumeral sulcus, short, visible over the dorsal epomial carina. Dorsal pronotal area, in dorsal view, areolate-rugose. Netrion present, sub-triangular, glabrous, open, strongly transversely costate, in places forming small rectangular cellules. Mesoscutum, weakly convex, 2.0–2.3 times as long as scutellum. Skaphion absent. Admedian lines absent. Notauli present, percurrent, divergent, usually deeply incised. Notaulus widening posteriorly. Humeral and suprahumeral sulci crenulate, indistinct, humeral sulcus more conspicuous that suprahumeral. Parapsidal line absent. The longitudinal median mesoscutal line complete, with same form as notauli. Parascutal carina absent. Mesoscutum shagreened with scattered shallow punctures with long setae. Sculpture areolate-rugose between notauli, near transscutal articulation. Transscutal articulation deep, narrow. Scutellum transverse, width of scutellum 2.1–2.4 times length. Mesoscutellum with areolate rugose sculpture, axillae not very evident, with the same sculpture, even more evident, like sculpture of mesoscutellum. Mesoscutellum convex, unarmed, posterior rim conspicuous, crenulate. Mesoscutellum length 3.0–3.8 times length of metascutellum. Metascutellum produced into a rectangular plate, medially armed with a small spine, 2.4–2.8 times wider than long. Mesopleuron glabrous in middle, ventrally and laterally densely hairy. Subalar pit well developed, conspicuous. Speculum visible between subalar pit and femoral depression, with 3–5 transverse ridges. Femoral depression large, deep, glabrous, lustrous, substrigulate. Pleural pit present. Mesopleural carina absent. Posterodorsal corner of mesopleuron obtuse. Mesepimeral sulcus, alveolate. Posterior mesepimeral area very narrow, almost absent. Sternaulus indistinct. Propodeum, in dorsal view, reduced, areolate-rugose, with a lot of setae, excavate medially. Lateral propodeal carina very close each to other, so that metasomal depression is very narrow, positioned just under the metascutellar spine. Lateral propodeal area well developed, areolate-rugose, densely setose, more so laterally. Metapleuron entirely sculptured and covered with hairs. Metapleural sulcus absent. Metapleural carina and metapleural pit present. Apex of fore wings hardly surpassing apex of metasoma. Fore wing covered with dense, short microtrichiae. Length of fore wing 2.6–2.63 times width, 1.3–1.4 times length of hind wing, 2.4–2.5 times width of mesosoma. Fore wing with tubular submarginal, marginal, postmarginal and stigmal veins and with spectral medial, anal, basal, discoidal and radial veins. Length of postmarginal vein 6.4–8.5 times length of marginal vein. Marginal vein length 0.3–0.4 times length of stigmal vein. Hind wing 4.5–4.7 times as long as wide, with 3 hamuli and with complete submarginal vein. Marginal fringe short, width of hind wing 6.3–9.5 times length of marginal fringe. Tibial spur formula 1:1:1. First leg the shortest.

Metasoma elongate, depressed, with 6 visible terga and 6 visible sterna. Laterotergites well developed, narrow. Length of metasoma 1.8–2.0 times width. T1 anterior margin not carinate, sublaterally without shallow depressions, without horn, longitudinally costate. Length of T1 0.4–0.5 times its minimum width. Ratio between maximum and minimum width of T1 is 1.5–1.7. T2 1.5–1.7 times as long as T1, T2 2.4–2.8 as wide as long. Ratio between maximum and minimum width of T2 is 1.2–1.4. T2 longitudinally costate. T3 1.5–1.8 times as long as T2. T3 1.9–2.4 times as long as T4. T3 1.4–1.6 as wide as long. Ratio between maximum and minimum width of T3 1.1–1.2. Sculpture of T3 areolate-rugulose. T4 1.3–1.6 times as long as T5. T5 1.3–1.5 times as long as T6. Ratio between maximum and minimum width of T4 1.3–1.4. Ratio between maximum and minimum width of T5 1.5–1.6. T6 almost triangular, apical spines absent, T6 0.3–0.4 times as short as wide. T4–T6 shagreened.

Male

Similar to female, differs in:

Colour: A2 hardly lighter than other antennomeres, A3–12 brown. Legs yellow, with dark coxae and middle of femora brown. Antenna filiform, A3 2.0 times as long as wide Metasoma with 7 visible terga and 7 visible sterna.

Material examined

GREECE: 1 female Lake Kerkini N.P., near Neo Petritsi, Midway site, 1-7.ix.2008, N41º18’49.8, E23º16’35.6, 750m above sea level, Malaise trap, leg. G. Ramel (OPPC); 1 female, Lake Kerkini N.P., Krousia Mts. site, 15–21.viii.2008, N41º11’32.4, E23º03’59.5, Malaise trap, leg. G. Ramel (OPPC); 2 females, Lake Kerkini N.P., near Neo Petritsi, Midway site, 8–14.ix.2008, N41º18’49.8, E23º16’35.6, 750m above sea level, Malaise trap, leg. G. Ra m e l (OP PC); 1 male, Lake Kerkini N.P., Krousia Mts. site, 15–24.vii.2007, N41º11’32.4, E23º03’59.5, Malaise trap, leg. G. Ramel (OPPC). ITALY: 1 male, Trieste, Kieffer coll., holotype (MNHN). FRANCE: 1 female, Hérault, Grabels, 7.ix.1989, leg. H. Tussac (CNCI); 1 female, Dépt. Var, 11.ix.1981, leg. M.I. Gijswijt (CNCI); 2 females, Ardèche, Vallon Pont d’Arc, 26.viii.1990, leg. H. Aderlenc, Malaise trap, (CNCI). MONTENEGRO: 1 female, Cela, viii.1986, leg. N.D. Springate (CNCI). TURKEY: 1 female, Muġla Tlos, 500–700m, 27.viii.1992, leg. J.S. Noyes, swept (CNCI).

Distribution ( Fig. 5 )

Baryconus graeffei is a western Palaearctic species with a Mediterranean distribution.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Bright field images of Baryconus species. A, Baryconus graeffei, female, dorsal view; B, B. graeffei, female lateral view; C, B. europaeus, female, dorsal view; D, B. europaeus, female, lateral view; E – G, Posterior mesonotum and metanotum, dorsal view: E, B graeffei; F, B. americanus; G, B. europaeus.

FIGURE 5. Distribution map of Baryconus graeffei.