Laeocathaica odophora Moellendorff , 1899

Wu, Min, Shen, Wang & Chen, Zhong-Guang, 2023, Land snail diversity in central China: revision of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of seven new species, ZooKeys 1154, pp. 49-147 : 49

Laeocathaica odophora Moellendorff, 1899

Figs 2A , 3 , 19B , 19C , 20 , 42E , 47A , 47B , 51

Laeocathaica odophora Möllendorff, 1899: 97, pl. 6, fig. 6; - Yen 1939: 149, pl. 15, fig. 39; - Chen and Zhang 2004: 328, fig. 318; - Páll-Gergely et al. 2022: 63, fig. 18B.

Laeocathaica (Laeocathaica) odophora - Zilch 1968: 174; - Richardson 1983: 78.

Laeocathaica (Laeocathaica) odontophora - Richardson 1983: 78.

Museum material.

SMF 8954, holotype, juv; Dshie-dshou [阶州= Wudu], S-Gansu. Slg. O. v. Möllendorff.

New material.

HBUMM00566a, 5 juvs; Luotuoxiang [骆驼巷], Bikou [碧口], Wenxian , Gansu Province , 32.827686°N, 105.064656°E; 1998-IV-25, coll. Chen, D.-N. and Zhang, G.-Q. HBUMM04612, 1 fma and 1 juv; 650 m away from Bikou Bridge, Wenxian, Gansu Province ; 1998-VI-24, coll. Zhang, Xue-Zhong [张学忠]. HBUMM08158, 3 juvs; slope near river, Wenxian, Gansu Province, 807 m, 32.847111°N, 104.88775°E; grass and a few shrubs, on branches and rock cliff; 2017-VIII-6, coll. Sheng, X.-F., etc.; DNA voucher HBUMM08158a. HBUMM08430, 1 fma, 1fms, 1 juv; 1 fma dissected; near Fengjiaba [冯家坝], national road 212, Wenxian, Gansu Province, near point (33.08672°N, 104.826572°E), on slope, 2019-X-12, coll. Li, Q.-M.; DNA voucher HBUMM08430a .

Distribution.

Gansu: Wudu (type locality), Wenxian.

Additional information of shell.

The protoconch is smooth except some fine threads at the beginning and the end of the whorls. Spiral grooves are absent. On teleoconch between two adjacent ribs there are several indistinct fine threads.

General anatomy.

Eversible head wart present but not prominent. Jaw arcuate, with seven projecting ribs.

Anatomy of genital organs.

Penial sheath short, covering ~ 1/6 of penis. Penis tubular and equally thick. Inside penis, ~ 5 low pilasters present proximally, two high pilasters fusing into one Y-shaped fork at proximal 1/4. Fine pilasters on distal end of penis not merging into thick folds. Vas deferens narrow throughout. Vagina between atrium and dart sac not elongated. Vagina between dart sac and insertion of bursa copulatrix duct ~ 1/2 length of dart sac. Dart sac ~ 1/2 length of penis. Love dart ~ 4.5 mm long, apically 2-bladed. Accessory sac small but externally distinguishable, internally solid, inserting into dart sac at distal 1/3, opening to dart chamber. Mucous glands 5 (HBUMM08430-spec.1), each singly tubular or simply branched. Proximal accessory sacs two, asymmetrical with the right one distinctly larger, apically separated and ventrally touching, each centrally with an opening (rounded, diameter ~ 0.2 mm) leading to proximal dart chamber. Bursa copulatrix duct of even diameter. Bursa copulatrix ovate, small.

Remarks.

This species has a pair of asymmetrical and ventrally touching proximal accessory sacs that is rarely observed in the genus. In comparison, its conchologically similar species Laeocathaica zhengpingliui Wu, sp. nov. has a pair of symmetrical proximal accessory sacs that are ventrally separated from each other.

For more comments, see Laeocathaica zhengpingliui Wu, sp. nov.

Figures

Figure 2. A distribution map of all known species of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 except L. anceyi (Moellendorff in Ancey, 1889), L. hisanoi Pall-Gergely, 2022, and L. leucorhaphe Moellendorff, 1899 whose precise localities are not known; white dots: the localities where no Laeocathaica species was ever found B distribution of the new species described in this paper, yellow dots: L. qingchuanensis Wu, sp. nov., green dot: L. zhengpingliui Wu, sp. nov., brown dots: L. parapolytyla Wu, sp. nov., white dot: L. qiminglii Wu, sp. nov., pink dot: L. cheni Wu, sp. nov., blue dots: L. qishilii Wu, sp. nov., orange dots: L. nordsiecki Wu, sp. nov. C distribution of L. carinifera (H. Adams, 1870) (green dots), L. qingchuanensis Wu, sp. nov. (yellow dots), and L. stenochone Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots) D distribution of L. amdoana Moellendorff, 1899 (green dots), L. distinguenda Moellendorff, 1899 (pink dots), and L. tropidorhaphe Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots) C equivalent to the larger box in (A), B, D equivalent to the smaller box in (A).

Figure 3. Distribution map of Laeocathaica dityla Moellendorff, 1899 (green dots), L. odophora Moellendorff, 1899 (pink dots), L. pewzowi Moellendorff, 1899 (white dots), L. phaeomphala Moellendorff, 1899 (blue dots), L. polytyla Moellendorff, 1899 (yellow dots), L. potanini Moellendorff, 1899 (red dots), and L. prionotropis Moellendorff, 1899 (orange dots). Range of the map is defined by the rectangle in the thumbnail.

Figure 19. A Laeocathaica leucorhaphe Moellendorff, 1899, SMF 9073, lectotype B, C L. odophora Moellendorff, 1899 B SMF 8954, holotype C HBUMM 08430 - spec. 1 D L. pewzowi Moellendorff, 1899, SMF 9084, lectotype.

Figure 20. Genital anatomy of Laeocathaica odophora Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 08430 - spec. 1 A general view B ventral view of dart sac apparatus C left view of dart sac apparatus D cross-section of dart sac at the position arrowed in (A). Abbreviations: AS - accessory sac; At - atrium; BC - bursa copulatrix; BCD - bursa copulatrix duct; DS - dart sac; DtC - a chamber containing love dart; Ep - epiphallus; FO - free oviduct; MG - mucous glands; P - penis; PAS - proximal accessory sac; PO - opening of proximal accessory sac leading to dart chamber; PR - penial retractor muscle; PS - penial sheath; Va - vagina; VD - vas deferens.

Figure 42. Internal view of penis A, B Laeocathaica dolani (Pilsbry, 1934), HBUMM 00069 - spec. 1 A general view B proximal penis C L. christinae (H. Adams, 1870), HBUMM 01251 a-spec. 1, general view D L. phaeomphala Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 05433 - spec. 1 E L. odophora Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 08430 - spec. 1 F L. pewzowi Moellendorff, 1899, ZIN RAS No. 4, " Aegista pewzowi Schalf. " G, H L. parapolytyla Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 06640 - spec. 1, holotype G general view H proximal part. Arrows indicate the position where two penial internal pilasters fuse into one distal pilaster.

Figure 47. SEM micrographs A, B Laeocathaica odophora Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 08430 A protoconch B teleoconch C, D L. dolani (Pilsbry, 1934), HBUMM 08439 C protoconch D teleoconch E, F L. nordsiecki Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 08446, paratype, subadult E protoconch F teleoconch G, H L. pewzowi Moellendorff, 1899, HBUMM 08452 G protoconch H teleoconch I, J L. carinalis Chen & Zhang, 2004, HBUMM 08453 I protoconch J teleoconch K, L L. zhengpingliui Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM 05553 - spec. 2, paratype, juvenile K protoconch L teleoconch.

Figure 51. Bayesian phylogram of camaenid species (for detail see in Table 1) based on the concatenated partial mitochondrial 16 S and partial ITS 2 sequences. The tree is rooted with Helix pomatia. Numbers near nodes indicating Bayesian posterior probabilities and Maximum-likelihood bootstrap values are given as BPP ⁄ BP. Black or orange part shows the topology where the result yielded by using Bayesian-Inference method agrees with that by using Maximum-likelihood method or not, respectively. An asterisk indicates the branch is exactly one third shortened in length. Scale bar is for substitutions per site.