Amphidraus bifidus, Ruiz, 2017

Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., 2017, Ten new species of Amphidraus Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini) and three new combinations, Zootaxa 4312 (3), pp. 401-437 : 421-427

Amphidraus bifidus sp. nov.

Figs 19–21

Type material. Holotype: ♂ from Reserva Ducke [03°00'13.0"S, 59°55'07.5"W], Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, 20.I.1992, H. Hofer & T. Gasnier leg. ( INPA 2840 ) . Paratypes: 1♂, same data as holotype ( MPEG 32756 ) ; 1♀ from Reserva Ducke , Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, 03°00'13.0"S, 59°55'07.5"W, 23.IX.1991, H. Hofer & T. Gasnier leg. ( INPA 2841 ) .

Additional material examined. BRAZIL: Amazonas: Manaus, Reserva Ducke , 03°00'13.0"S, 59°55'07.5"W: 6♂, 1♀, 1991–1997, H. Hofer & T. Gasnier leg. ( INPA 2834–2839, 2842 ).

Etymology. Latin adjective referring to the bifid distal process on the embolic disc at the base of the embolus.

Diagnosis. The male palp of A. bifidus sp. nov. is similar to that of A. bochica , A. guatavita , A. pae , A. quimbaya , A. zipa and A. janauari sp. nov., with only two short dPED (no vPED; Fig. 21 C). Among these, A. bifidus sp. nov. ( Fig. 21 D) seems closer to A. guatavita (see Galvis 2017: fig. 5C) and A. janauari sp. nov. ( Fig. 18 D) by having similar RTA and RvTA. However, the projection on the basal portion of the embolus is bifid in A. bifidus sp. nov. ( Fig. 21 C), rounded in A. guatavita (see Galvis 2017: fig. 5A) and absent in A. janauari sp. nov. ( Fig. 18 C). The females of A. bifidus sp. nov. ( Fig. 21 F) are superficially similar to those of A. sie (see Galvis 2017: figs 9C–D) and A. draconicaudatus sp. nov. ( Fig. 24 F) in having a compact, pear-shaped mass of ducts and spermathecae, but can be distinguished by having secondary spermathecae (absent in both A. sie and A. draconicaudatus sp. nov.).

Description. Male holotype (INPA 2840). Total length: 2.39. Carapace 1.12 long, 0.72 wide and 0.46 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.59 long. Anterior eye row 0.76 wide, posterior 0.65 wide. Legs: 4312. Length of leg I 1.71 (0.57 + 0.61 + 0.53); II 1.67 (0.61 + 0.53 + 0.53); III 2.12 (0.65 + 0.80 + 0.67); IV 2.13 (0.65 + 0.76 + 0.72). Palp ( Figs 20 A–D, 21A–D): tibia with RvTA elongate and ventrally projected ( Figs 21 C, 21D), RTA medium-sized and acute ( Figs 21 C, 21D) and with small dorsal tubercle ( Fig. 21 B); cymbium with large cymbial conductor ( Figs 20 A, 20B, 21C); embolic filament longer than straight, sclerotized portion ( Fig. 21 C). Color in alcohol: thoracic area dark brown and cephalic area black; abdomen dorsally brown and variegated; ventrally pale, with brown central area; legs brown ( Figs 19 A, 19B).

Female paratype (INPA 2841). Total length: unknown (abdomen partially lost). Carapace 1.21 long, 0.78 wide and 0.45 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.55 long. Anterior eye row 0.76 wide, posterior 0.64 wide. Legs: 4312. Length of leg I 1.62 (0.52 + 0.62 + 0.48); II 1.55 (0.50 + 0.55 + 0.50); III 1.99 (0.57 + 0.71 + 0.71); IV 2.04 (0.57 + 0.76 + 0.71). Epigyne ( Figs 21 E–F): epigynal plate with depressions on lateral regions; secondary spermatheca circular, close to copulatory openings; coupling pocket narrow, medially placed on dorsum of plate’s border. Color in alcohol: as in male ( Figs 19 C, 19D).

Distribution. Known only from the type locality ( Brazil, Amazonas) ( Fig. 31 ).

Figures

FIGURE 18. Amphidraus janauari sp. nov. A left male palp, prolateral view; B same, dorsal view; C same, ventral view; D same, retrolateral view. CC, cymbial conductor; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; E, embolus; ED, embolic disc; RTA, retrolateral tibial apopHysis; RvTA, retroventral tibial apopHysis; SD, sperm duct; TL, tegular lobe.

FIGURE 19. Amphidraus bifidus sp. nov. A male Holotype, dorsal view; B same, ventral view; C female paratype, dorsal view; D same, ventral view.

FIGURE 20. Amphidraus bifidus sp. nov. A left male palp, ventral view; B same, embolic disc + cymbial conductor, ventral view (unnamed arrow sHows basal projection on tHe embolus); C distal processes on embolic disc, ventral view; D setae covering cymbium; CC, cymbial conductor; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; E, embolus; ED, embolic disc.

FIGURE 21. Amphidraus bifidus sp. nov. A left male palp, prolateral view; B same, dorsal view; C same, ventral view; D same, retrolateral view; E epigyne, ventral view; F same, cleared, dorsal view. CC, cymbial conductor; CO, copulatory opening; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; E, embolus; ED, embolic disc; FD, fertilization duct; PS, primary spermatHeca; RTA, retrolateral tibial apopHysis; RvTA, retroventral tibial apopHysis; SD, sperm duct; SS, secondary spermatHeca; TL, tegular lobe.

FIGURE 24. Amphidraus draconicaudatus sp. nov. A left male palp, prolateral view; B same, dorsal view; C same, ventral view; D same, retrolateral view; E epigyne, ventral view; F same, cleared, ventral view. CC, cymbial conductor; CO, copulatory opening; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; E, embolus; ED, embolic disc; FD, fertilization duct; po, coupling pocket; PS, primary spermatHeca; RTA, retrolateral tibial apopHysis; RvTA, retroventral tibial apopHysis; SD, sperm duct; SS, secondary spermatHeca; TL, tegular lobe; vPED, ventral process on embolic disc.

FIGURE 31. Map of records of A. bifidus sp. nov., A. nigrigenu sp. nov. and A. draconicaudatus sp. nov. For context of tHis map witHin SoutH America, see Fig. 28.