Mitrella fallax ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1880 )

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard M., 2021, The Columbellidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) in the Miocene Paratethys Sea — striking diversity of a negelected group, Zootaxa 5025 (1), pp. 1-75 : 25-28

Mitrella fallax ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1880)

Figs 4F, 8A 1 –A 2 , B 1 –B 2 , C 1 –C 2

Buccinum columbelloides Bast. — Hörnes 1848: 17 [non Basterot, 1825].

Columbella subulata Bell. [sic]—Hörnes 1852: 121, pl. 11, figs 11, 13 [non Brocchi, 1814].

[ Mitrella ] fallax nov. form.—Hoernes 1880: 126 [nomen nudum].

* Columbella (Mitrella) fallax nov. form.— Hoernes & Auinger 1880: 96.

Columbella (Mitrella) Petersi nov. form.— Hoernes & Auinger 1880: 97 (pars), pl. 12, figs 8a – c [non Mitrella petersi ( Hilber, 1879) ].

Columbella (Atilia) fallax R. Hoernes I Auinger — Friedberg 1911: 38, pl. 2, fig. 5.

Columbella (Atilia) subnassoides Friedb. — Friedberg 1911: 40, pl. 2, fig. 6.

Mitrella fallax Hörn u. Auing.— Meznerics 1933: 340.

Columbella fallax R. Hoernes und Auinger — Friedberg 1938: 129.

Columbella subnassoides Friedb. — Friedberg 1938: 129.

Pyrene (Mitrella) fallax Hoernes & Auinger — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1950: 49.

Pyrene (Mitrella) fallax (Hörnes & Auinger) — Glibert 1952: 311, pl. 7, fig. 11.

Mitrella fallax (Hö. Au.) .— Sieber 1953: 187.

? Columbella (Mitrella) miopedemontana Sacco — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 39 pl. 5, figs 3, 7 [non Sacco 1890b].

Pyrene (Mitrella) fallax Hoernes & Auinger — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 39, pl. 5, figs 2, 4, 6, 8.

Pyrene (Mitrella) turgidula (Brocchi) — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1956: 402, pl. 7, figs 3–5 [non Brocchi, 1814].

M.[itrella]. (A [tilia].) fallax (R. Hörn. et Au.) — Sieber 1958a: 147.

Mitrella (Atilia) fallax (R. Hörn. Au.) — Sieber 1958b: 148.

Columbella (Atilia) fallax Hoernes & Auinger — Strausz 1962: 103, pl. 42, figs 18–21.

Columbella (Atilia) fallax Hoernes & Auinger, 1880 — Strausz 1966: 292, pl. 42, figs 18–21.

? Columbella (Atilia) fallax miopedemontana Sacco, 1889 — Strausz 1966: 292, pl. 42, figs 10–17 [non Sacco 1890b]. Columbella (Mitrella) turgidula Brocchi, 1814 — Strausz 1966: 291, pl. 42, fig. 22 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Mitrella (Atilia) fallax (Hoernes & Auinger) — Tejkal et al. 1967: 204, pl. 11B, figs 12–14.

Mitrella fallax (R. Hoernes et Auinger, 1879 [sic])— Zelinskaya 1968: 207, pl. 48, figs 13–14.

Anachis subnassoides ( Friedberg, 1911) — Zelinskaya 1968: 208, pl. 48, figs 25–26.

? Pyrene (Atilia) salomacensis Peyr. — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1969: 83, pl. 4, fig. 25 [non Peyrot, 1925].

Pyrene (Atilia) fallax (R. Hoernes & Auinger) — Bałuk 1970: 118, pl. 12, fig. 4.

Mitrella (Atilia) fallax R. Hoernes — Eremija 1971: 41, pl. 14, figs 4a–b.

Mitrella (A.) fallax R. Hoernes — Stancu et al. 1971: 125, pl. 7, fig. 12.

Pyrene (Mitrella) fallax Hoernes et Auinger — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 28, pl. 10, figs 20–21.

Mitrella (Atilia) fallax (Hörnes & Auinger) — Steininger 1973: 419.

Columbella (Atilia) fallax R. Hoernes i Auinger, 1882 — Krach 1981: 71, pl. 24, fig. 24.

Mitrella (Atilia) falax [sic] ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1880)— Atanacković 1985; 144, pl. 32, figs 9–10.

Pyrene (Atilia) fallax ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1880) — Bałuk 1995: 237, pl. 31, figs 5–7.

Pyrene (Alia) fallax ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1880) —Harzhauser 2002: 99, pl. 6, fig. 17.

Pyrene (Atilia) fallax (Hörnes & Auinger, 1880) — Mikuž 2009: 25, pl. 7, figs 91, 92.

non Pyrene (Atilia) fallax Hoernes et Auinger sp. 1880— Glibert 1952: 311, pl. 7, figs 11a–c.

non Mitrella (Atilia) falax [sic] (Hörnes & Auinger 1880)—Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 183, pl. 45, fig. 6 [= Mitrella complanata (Sacco, 1890) ].

non Mitrella (Macrurella) fallax Hoernes —Auinger— Venzo & Pelosio 1963: 92, pl. 35, figs 17–19.

non Mitrella fallax ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1880) — Landau et al. 2013: 189, pl. 28, figs 14–16, pl. 67, fig. 3.

Type material. Lectotype (designated herein): NHMW1855 /0045/0047, SL: 14.8 mm, MD: 5.4 mm, Mikulov (the Czech Republic); illustrated in Hörnes (1852, pl. 10, figs 13a–b), Figs 4F, 8A 1 –A 2 . Paralectotypes: NHMW2020 /0154/0001, SL: 17.5 mm, MD: 6.8 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria) , subadult specimen, Figs 8B 1 –B 2 . NHMW2020 /0154/0002, SL: 17.3 mm, MD: 6.0 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria) . NHMW2020 /0154/0003, SL: 17.1 mm, MD: 6.3 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria) , Figs 8C 1 –C 2 . NHMW1855 /0045/0394, SL: 19.4 mm, MD: 6.8 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria) , illustrated in Hörnes (1852, pl. 10, figs 11a–b); NHMW1846 /0037/0157, 76 spec., mixed lot, Steinebrunn ( Austria) , Gainfarn ( Austria) ; NHMW1865 /0001/0774, 15 spec., Vienna / Grinzing ( Austria) ; NHMW2020 /0152/0002, 2 spec., Grund ( Austria) ; NHMW1861 /0033/0016, 1 spec., Bujtur ( Romania) .

Additional material. NHMW2020 /0155/0001, 120 spec., Steinebrunn ( Austria) ; NHMW2020 /0174/0003 (ex B. Landau coll.), 1 spec., Korytnica ( Poland) .

Revised description. Shell of medium size, moderately broad fusiform, with moderately incised suture. Protoconch high conical of about three weakly convex whorls. Teleoconch of nine whorls. Early teleoconch whorls weakly convex. Convexity decreasing on later whorls without becoming flat-sided. Periphery of whorls just above abapical suture. Last three teleoconch whorls increasing in growth rate, resulting in weakly coeloconoid profile. Last whorl broad, slightly concave below suture, swollen mid-whorl, rounded periphery, strongly contracting at base. Spiral sculpture very weak over base, strengthening over siphonal fasciole. Aperture moderately wide, ovoid. Outer lip thickened by varix, moderately developed internal labial callus pad, with seven or eight prominent denticles within. Anal canal U-shaped. Siphonal canal moderately long, wide, slightly deflected, notched at tip. Columella weakly twisted. Columellar callus forming narrow, adherent rim, with four or five weak columellar denticles. Parietal callus weak.

Shell measurements and ratios. SL: 14.8–19.4 mm, MD: 5.4–6.8 mm, AA: 28–30°, SL/MD: 2.6–2.8, AL/AW: 3.2–3.4, LWH/AH: 1.2–1.3.

Discussion. Mitrella fallax is distinguished from other Paratethyan Columbellidae by the strong development of a labial varix. Mitrella vialensis (Sacco, 1890) , from the Pliocene of Italy is similar, but differs by its wider aperture and the spire whorls, which increase regularly in width (see Sacco 1890b; Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981, pl. 57, figs 12a–b; Chirli 2002, pl. 7, figs 3–8).

Csepreghy-Meznerics (1954) and Strausz (1966) identified some shells from Hungary, which might belong to Mitrella fallax , as Columbella miopedemontana Sacco, 1890 , which was originally described from the Burdigalian of Italy. Although the status of the Hungarian shells is ambiguous, they clearly differ from Mitrella miopedemontana in their less slender spire and the less constricted base (see Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981, pl. 57, figs 4a–b).

The specimens from the Langhian of the Loire Basin, identified by Glibert (1952) as Pyrene fallax are not conspecific. They differ from the Paratethyan species in their slender outline, higher spire, and less convex last whorl.

Palaeoenvironment. The occurrences at Mikulov and Steinebrunn indicates inner neritic environments (own data).

Distribution in Central Paratethys.? Ottnangian (early Miocene): North Alpine Foreland Basin: Gernergraben, Kaltenbachgraben (Bavaria) ( Steininger, 1973). Karpatian (early Miocene): Korneuburg Basin: Kleinebersdorf ( Austria) (Harzhauser 2002). Badenian (middle Miocene): North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria); Vienna Basin: Steinebrunn, Gainfarn, Vienna /Grinzing, Vienna /Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria), Mikulov (the Czech Republic) (Hörnes 1852; Sieber 1953); Carpathian Foredeep: Korytnica, Niskowa, Łychów ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1995), Podhorce, Zborów, Hołdy, Hołubica, Dryszczów ( Ukraine) ( Friedberg 1911); Cserhát Mountains: Sámsonháza ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966); Pannonian Basin: Várpalota, Hidas, Szob, Letkés ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966); southern Pannonian Basin: Hrvaćani-Drenik ( Bosnia and Hercegovina) ( Atanacković 1985); Krka Basin: Dolenja Brezovica ( Slovenia) ( Mikuž, 2009); Făget Basin: Bujtur ( Romania).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E–Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 2. Measurements for shell morphology and whorl profiles. SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, AA: apical angle, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height. AL: aperture length. AW: aperture width.