Badis badis (Hamilton, 1822)

Kullander, Sven, Norén, Michael, Rahman, Md. Mizanur & Mollah, Abdur Rob, 2019, Chameleonfishes in Bangladesh: hipshot taxonomy, sibling species, elusive species, and limits of species delimitation (Teleostei: Badidae), Zootaxa 4586 (2), pp. 301-337 : 312-314

Badis badis (Hamilton, 1822)

( Fig. 5 )

Material examined. From Bangladesh, by locality code, distributed between NRM and DU. 179 specimens, 11.6– 41.3 mm SL. Meghna River drainage: MMR-2015-SHERPUR: 11; Mymenshing Division: Sherpur District: Old Brahmaputra River at Bangladesh Agricultural University, 24°43′53"N, 90°26′6"E; M.M. Rahman 20–21 Mar 2015.— SRL-2016-013: 1; Sylhet Division: Sylhet District: Golapganj, Surma River left bank at Kheaghat point, 1.5 km upstream from Golapganj, 24°51′40″N 91°59′37″E; M.M. Rahman et al., 23 Mar 2016 .— SRL-2016-007: 1; Sylhet Division: Moulovibazar District: Srimangal: Hail Haor , Baikka Beel , at tourist center, 24°21′43″N 91°42′27″E; M.M. Rahman et al. 21, Mar 2016 . 25.—SRL-2016-025: 4; Sylhet Division: Moulovibazar District, Borolekha, Hakaluki Haor in Borolekha , 24°39′42″N 92°2′5″E; M.M. Rahman et al., 26 Mar 2016 .— SRL-2016- 009: 6; Sylhet Division: Sylhet District: Fenchuganj, roadside ditch in Garuli floodplain, 4 km south of Sylhet, 24°41′40″N 91°56′44″E; M.M. Rahman, 22 Mar 2016 — SRL-2016-010: 13; Sylhet Division: Sylhet District: Fenchuganj, Kushiyara River drainage, bay of Ratna River on left side of road N208 about ¼ distance from Fenchuganj to Sylhet, 24°44′36″N 91°55′22″E; M.M. Rahman et al., 22 Mar 2016 .— SRL-2016-014: 19; Sylhet Division: Sylhet District: Golapganj, Kushiyara River drainage, Chatul floodplain E of Golapganj, 24°50′35″N 92°3′26″E; M.M. Rahman et al., 23 Mar 2016 .— SRL-2016-005: 13; Dhaka Division: Khishoreganj District: Ashuganj, Meghna River at Ashuganj Point , 24°2′47″N 91°0′20″E; M.M. Rahman et al., 20 Mar 2016 .— MMR- 2016-GAZIPUR: 11; Dhaka Division: Gazipur District: Kaligonj Upazila, Kaligonj , narrow man-made canal running across a rice-field floodplain, canal connecting to Turag River , 23°59′14″N 90°31′43″E; M.M. Rahman, 4 Mar 2016 .— SRL-2014-016: 27; Dhaka Division: Dhaka District, Dhaka, Turag River at Kamarpare , near Dhaka city, 23°53′55″N 90°23′4″E; M.M. Rahman et al., Dec 2014 .—MMR- 2016- MAR05 : 10. Dhaka Division, Dhaka District: Turag River ; M.M. Rahman, 5 Mar 2016.—MMR- 2016- FEB25 : Dhaka Division, Munshiganj District: deposited lands bank of Dhaleshwari River near first Dhaleswari bridge on Dhaka to Mawa highway; M.M. Rahman, 25 Feb 2016.— SRL-2016-002: 22. Chittagong Division: Brahmanbaria District: Akhaura: Titas River in Akhaura , 23°53′3″N 91°12′4″E; M.M. Rahman et al., 19 Mar 2016 .— Padma River drainage: SRL-2014-018: 43; Dhaka Division: Sreenagar District: Sreenagar : Fish market in Shonbari , Sreenagar , about 23°32′38.44"N 90°17′47"E; M.M. Rahman et al., 2 Dec 2014 .

Diagnosis. Kullander & Britz (2002) redescribed Badis badis based on more than 200 specimens from the Ganga, Mahanadi, and Brahmaputra drainages, and fixed a neotype from the Tumapao [= Duma Baor] River in the border region between Bangladesh and India. Badis badis is similar to other species of the B. badis species group, characterized by a dark blotch on the exposed part of the cleithrum, absence of a dark blotch on the opercle, and sides of body with irregular narrow dark vertical bars formed by dark spots on scale bases. Badis badis has relatively wide interorbital space ( Tables 2–5 , Fig. 6 ), relatively few scales in a lateral row and dorsal-fin spines compared to B. chittagongis , B. pallidus and B. rhabdotus ( Tables 6–7). Specimens from Nepal have a high frequency of 17 dorsal-fin spines, samples from elsewhere modally 16 spines (Kullander & Britz 2012: table 16; Blair et al., 2018: table 4). Preserved young specimens and females show the prominent pattern of narrow vertical bars; large males may be black, but with white scale centers arranged in rows or irregularly. The most similar species may be B. kanabos from the Brahmaputra River drainage, which is distinguished by a dark blotch anteriorly in the dorsal fin, absent in B. badis , which, however, may have a black stripe along the middle of the dorsal fin.

Geographical distribution and habitat. In Bangladesh, B. badis was collected in the Padma, Jamuna and Meghna River drainages, but absent from the southeastern drainages. The species was found in lentic habitats with ample vegetation, including both natural, converted and polluted habitats ( Figs 3–4 ).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Collecting sites of species of Badis and Dario in Bangladesh.

FIGURE 4. Collecting site of Badis badis and Dario kajal, a roadside ditch close to Sylhet. To the right a large rice paddy. Specimens were collected from dense vegetation dominated by water hyacinths. Photo taken after fishing activities leaving an open area in the otherwise covering vegetation.

FIGURE 5. Badis badis. NRM 68307. A, male, 34.1 mm SL; B, female, 28.5 mm SL. Both from Bangladesh, Fenchuganj, roadside ditch 4 km south of Sylhet.

FIGURE 6. Comparison of relative size trajectories of interorbital width against standard length in species of Badis reported from Bangladesh.