Yponomeuta fumigata Zeller, 1852

Agassiz, David J. L., 2019, The Yponomeutidae of the Afrotropical region (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutoidea), Zootaxa 4600 (1), pp. 1-69 : 20

20. Yponomeuta fumigata Zeller, 1852

Hyponomeuta fumigata Zeller, 1852: 101

Hyponomeuta glaphyropis Meyrick, 1908: 736

Hyponomeuta funesta Meyrick, 1914a: 173

Type locality: Republic of South Africa: Kwazulu Natal , Caffraria .

Redescription of adult ( Plate 3). Wingspan 18–27mm. Head white, two black spots near posterior edge, two at base of antenna and two by eyes; labial palpus white, but black on joints and at apex; scape white with black ring distally, flagellum whitish ringed grey. Thorax white with four black spots, tegula white with one black spot. Forewing pale grey, paler along fold and subterminally; sometimes a greyish spot in fold before halfway; five irregular longitudinal rows of black spots, fringe pale grey. Hindwing grey, fringe concolorous, a pair of scent brushes near base.

Male genitalia ( Plate 11 ). Uncus with socius of elaborate L-shape, valva with costa concave, saccus with clubbed end. Aedeagus simple, three times length of valva, gently curved, one long cornutus.

Female genitalia ( Plate 22). Lamella postvaginalis with lobes extended and deeply divided, ductus about twice length of abdomen, signum star shaped.

Diagnosis. The paler fold of the forewing is a conspicuous character which usually separates this from other species. The socius of the male genitalia is diagnostic.

Biology. Larvae live in a web on Gymnosporia senegalensis , Maytenus or Cassine . Adults recorded in every month so probably continuously brooded, subject to local conditions.

Distribution. Republic of South Africa, Swaziland, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Malawi, D.R.C., Zambia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Comoros, Madagascar.

Type material. Holotype ♀ Swedish Museum of Natural History , Stockholm (not examined).

Material examined: REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA: 1 ♂ 5 ♀ KeiRiverBridge, 5–6.ii.1955A..J J..T T..Janse Janse;;2 ♂ 8 ♀ Cape Town, Tokai , 5–7.xii.1981 H. Geertsema ; 2 ♀ Cape Town, Kirstenbosch 5–29.xii.1954 A.J.T. se37 18 Dc 23–24.ii.1970 H. Geertsema ; 2 ♂ 3 ♀ Cape Town 6.iii.1959, 19.iv.1938, vii.1953, 2.iii.1958, 21.iii.1961 C.G.C. Dickson ; 1 ♂ 3 ♀ Msali Bridge , 17–19.iv.1954 A.J.T. Janse ; 4 ♀ Port St John viii. & ix.1916 H.H. Swiary ; 1 ♂ Port St John 16–22.1955 A.J.T. Janse ; 1 ♂ Saltpans Pta 20.ix.1918 G van SomSom ;; 1 ♂ Saltpans Pta 8.ix.1961 D.W. Rorke ; 1 ♀ Umgeni Dam , 24. i.1955 C C..G G.. C C.. Dickson ; 1 ♀ Natal, Makalini Flat, SE 27 32 Ac 27.ii.2001 Bernad Staden-Jofte ; 2 ♀ Natal, Ndumu , 10–12.ii.1968 Potgieter & Jones , 1 ♀ 8–13.xi.1971 Strydom & Jones; 1 ♂ Natal , StLuciaBay 29°23ʼS 32°25’E 29–30.ix.1974 J. Potgieter ; 1 ♀ Natal Natal ,, Mkukze , 20–21.ix.1974 J & H. Potgieter ; 1 ♀ East London 23.xi.1944 R.C. Clark ; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ KZN, Ndumo Game Reserve, Main camp, 26°54’S 32°18’E 4.vii.2010 R. Lyle ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ KZN, Hluhluwe 27°55’S 32°16’E 7–8.xii.2010 R. Müller & D. Bartsch ; 1 ♂ KZN Ongoye Forest 28°50’S 31°44’E 4.xii.2010 leg. D. Bartsch; KZ Natal, Michaelhouse, Belgowan 29 30 Ac 11.xi.2000 B. Dombrowsky ; 2 ♂ Transkei, Langeni Forest 9.xii.1987 N.J. Duke ; 2 ♂ Transkei, Umtata , 31 31° ° 36 36’S 28°47’E; 12.v.1988 ; 2 ♀ 2.i.1989; 1 ♂ 12.iii.1986 N.J.Duke; 1 ♂ N. Prov. Ben Lavin Nat. Res. 8 km S. Louis Trichardt 8–14.xii.2000 M. Krüger leg. ; 1 ♀ Ben Lavin 19.i.1998 ; 2 ♀ Winklespruit 7–18.iv.1962 ; 1 ♀ 29.xii.1987 L. Vári; 2 ♀ Punda Milia , K.N.P. survey 6–15.v.1975 Potgieter & Scoble ; 1 ♀ Waterval onder 19.iii.1911 A.J.T. Janse ; 3 ♀ Mpunalunga, Steelpoort Dist. , 25°04’S 30°07’E 21–26.x & 6–8.x.2001 SRK consulting, T.M. Staff ; 2 ♀ Site 8 base camp 25°02’S 30°07’E 6– 8.xi.2000 ; 1 ♂ 3 ♀ E. Cape, Beacon Bay 16.v.1982 ; 1 ♀ 15–20.iv.1984; N.J. Duke; 1 ♀ Renosterpoort, Bronkhurdp- root Dist. 19.iii.1975 Potgieter & Scoble ; 1 ♀ from larva ex Maytenus, Mcleantown , Cape em. 12.vi.1982 N.J. Duke ; 1 ♀ Louis Trichardt 12 m . south 13–17.iii.1954 AJ.T. Janse; 1 without abdomen White River Cooke ix.1011 Coll. Janse; 1 ♀ 2 without abdomen Marble Hall 7.v.1962 D.W. Rorke ; 1 ♀ Nwanedzi, K.N.P. Survey 30.iv–1.v.1968 Potgieter & Goode ; 1 ♀ Transvaal, Nietverdiend, Zeerust 25 25 Ac 7.xii.1978 Scholtz & Scoble ; 2 ♀ N. Transvaal, Letaba Estate, Tzaneen , 23°52’S 30°19’E 3–9.x.1977 , 1 ♀ 21.x.1980, 2 ♀ 10–17.vi.1977 F. Honiball; 1 ♀ The Haven, Transkei , 5.xii.1981 N.J. Duke ; 1 ♀ Skukusa , K.N.P. survey 7.v.1970 Vári & Potgieter ; 2 ♂ 2 ♀ Suikerbour- and, Natuureservaat 11.xi.1978 D.M. Kroon ; 2 ♀ Pretoria 4.i.1912 M. Collins ; 1 ♂ Kowlariv, W.C.P. Irving x.1010 coll. Janse; 1 ♂ Brenton-on-sea C.P. 34°02’ S 23°03’ E 20.x–7.xi.1995 M. Krüger; Umdoni park 15–19.iv.1995 L. & G. Vári; Knysna, E. Cape, Diepwalle Forest 467 m 33°56’55’’S 23°09’ 55’’E, 23.ii–6.iii.1998 D.M. Kroon; 1 without abdomen P[ort] E[lizabeth] 6.vii.1935 ; 1 ♀ North Province, 9 km S Louis Trenchardt 8–14.xii.2000 M. Krüger ; 1 ♀ Jozini Dam, Lemombo Mts 13–15.ii.1968 Potgieter & Jones ; 1 ♂ Satara, K.N.P. Survey 26.iv–1.v.1969 Potgieter & Strydom ; 1 ♂ Sasolburg 10.iii.1973 , 1 ♂ 17.ix.1976 D.M.Kroon; 1 ♀ Renesterpoort, Bronkherstspruit Dist. 21.iv.1975 Potgieter & Scoble ; 1 ♀ Sarnia, Williamson iv.1917 coll. Janse ; 3 ♀ Mpumalunga, Marble Hall 24°58’S 29°18’E 1.ii.1972 Mrs Reynolds ; 1 ♂ Hottentote Huisie, Cape Peninsula 8.xi.1963 C.G.C. Dickson ; 1 ♂ Hudley, Zululand xii.1948 E. Pinhey; 1 without abdomen Kewiari W.C.P. Irving x.1919 coll. Janse ; 1 ♀ Natal, Greenwood Park 28.xi.1924 A.L. Bevis ; 1 ♀ Transvaal, Nelshootge glaery 25°51’S 30°53’E 4.iv.1987 Endrödy- Younga ; 1 ♀ Woodb. Vill. iv.1915 C.J. Swierstra ; 1 ♀ Hout Bay , Cape, 18.iii.1983 N.J. Duke ; 3 ♂ 2 ♀ 1 without abdomen Durban , 27.xi.1953, iv.1955, 23.ix.1954, i.1954, 28.iv.1955, 16.vi.1959 ; 1 ♀ Umhlanga Rocks 1.vi.1955 C.G.C. Dickson ; 7 ♀ Umtata, Transkei , larva on Maytenus em. 21.xii.1986, 4.i.1987, 6.i.1987, 10.i.1987, 12.i.1987 (2) ; 1 ♀ Beacon Bay , E[ast] L[ondon], Cape 13.xii.1981 ; 1 ♀ Kei Cuttings ex lara em. 5.vi.1980 ( TMSA) ; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ Natal: Umgani Valley 4.ix.1961, 9.ix.1961 Nat. Mus. S.R .; 1 ♂, Durban 11.v.1914 , 1 specimen without abdomen 12.vi.1914; Cape Province, Fish Hook Valley 10.xi.1952 H.B.D. Kettlewell; Natal, Estcourt, 1892 Hutchinson; Natal, Weenen 1926 ( NHMUK) ; 1 without abdomen Natal , Coll. Ragonot ( MNHNP) ; Limpopo, Hoedspruit, Hongony Camp 30.iv–1.v.2010 leg Mey & Kühne ( MfN) ; SWAZILAND: 1 ♀ Bulungu Mtns , 15.ii.1997 N.J. Duke ; 1 ♀ Mbabana from larva on Maytenus em. 5.xii.1996 ( TMSA) ; ZIMBABWE: 1 ♂ Nr Chimanimani NP 20° °01 01’ ’SS 32° °58 58 58’E’E ’E 18–26.xii.1984 P.G.Haynes BMNH Microlep 34189 ( NHMUK) ; 2 ♂ 3 ♀ Bunga Forest, Vumba 27.iv.1993 N.J. Duke ; 1 ♀ Laurenceville, Vumba Mts. 19°10’S 32°45’E 22.x.1990 , 1 ♂ 1 ♀ 18.x.1990, 1 ♀ 9.iii.1995 N.J. Duke; 1 ♂ 5 ♀ Christon Bank , Harare 10.x.1990, N.J. Duke ; 1 ♀ Cloudlands, Vumba 5.xii.1994 N.J. Duke; Victoria Falls , Big Tree 6.v.1954 A.J.T. Janse ( TMSA) ; MOZAMBIQUE: 1 without abdomen L. Marques ix.1953 A.J. Berbosa ( TMSA) ; 1 ♀ 1 Delagoa Bay , Montario ( NHMUK) ; MADAGASCAR: 1 ♀ Betroka 1955 E. Diehl BMNH Microlep 34190 ( NHMUK) ; COMOROS: 1 ♂ Leigh viii.1911 A.J.T. Janse ( TMSA) ; MALAWI: 1 ♀ Nkhorongo Mzuzu, Mz- imba Dist. 1375 m 11°23’S 33°59’E 4.iii.2009 R.J.Murphy ( TMSA) ; 1 ♀ Nkata Bay xii. 1961, Nat. Mus. S. Rhode- sia ( NHMUK) ; ZAMBIA: 1 ♀ N.W. Prov. Hillwood Nehile 1420 m 11°14’55’’S 24°19’37’’E 3.i.2011 A.J. Gardner ( TMSA) ; 1 ♀ Mbale 25–30.xii.1974 Locust control centre slide BMNH Microlep 34193 ( NHMUK) ; KENYA: 1 ♀ Nakuru A.L. Townsend ; 1 ♂ 4 ♀ Kakamega For. 1590 m 0°20’N 34°52’ E 1.iv.2003 J & W de Prins ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ Oluloa For. 1835 m 0°°21 21’ ’ S S 36 36° ° °42 42 42 ’ E2’EE ’ ’E 15.iv.2001 J & W de Prins ( NHMUK) ; 4 ♂ 2 ♀ Central , between Limuru and Mai Mahiu, 1650 m 1°2’9’’S 36°35’53’’E 14.viii.1999 ; 1 ♂ 2 ♀ Nairobi, Oluloa Forest , 1°21’49’’S 36°42’47’’E, 1822 m 15.viii.1999 D.J.L. Agassiz ; 1 ♂ Central, Castle Forest Lodge, 0°22’43’’S 37°18’32’’E, 3.xi.2012, Agassiz, Beavan, Heckford & Larsen ; 1 ♂ Central, Naro Moru , 1980 m 0°9’5’’S 37°0’36’’E, 4–6.xi.2013, Agassiz, Beavan, Heckford, Larsen & Ngugi ; 1 ♀ Rift Valley, Soysambu Est. 1800 m, 0°24’S 36°14’E, 14.iv. 2005, D. J.L. Agas- siz ; 1 ♀ Rift Valley, Gilgil 2100 m, 0°28’S 36°22’E 3.ix.2006, D.J.L. Agassiz ; 3 ♀ Rift Valley, Lake Elmenteita , 6000 ft, 15.xii.1999 & 18.xii.2000 D.J.L. Agassiz ; 1 ♀ Rift Valley, Naivasha , 2000 m, 0°45’S 36°24’E, 13.iv.2003 D.J.L. Agassiz, DLA slide No. 1293 ; 1 ♂ 2 ♀ Aberdares Country Club , 0°20’S 36°53’E 6000 ft, 27.iv.2003, D.J.L. Agassiz with DJLA slide No. 1261 ; 1 ♀ Coast , Kilifi, s.l., 9.iv.1999, D.J.L. Agassiz ; 2 ♀ Central, Thika District 8m SW Thika Karamaini Estate, 1550 m 1°2’7.5’’S 36°59’47’’E 1550 m 2.vi.2012 A.J. Kingston and 10.vii.2011; UGANDA : 1 ♀ Kampala, 0° °20 20’ ’N N 32 32 °34’ E2° °34 34 34’E’E ’E 25.xii.1964 D.O. Chanter ; 3 ♀ Mukona 20.v.1938 ; 2 ♂ Zika Forest 11.iv.1961 Nat.Mus. S.R .; 1 specimen without abdomen Entebbe , vi. 1961 Nat. Mus. S.R .; 1 ♂ Mabira Forest , 1920 R.A. Dummer; Tororo v.1932 G.H.E. Hopkins M 4338 ( NHMUK) ; 1 specimen (without abdomen) Kalinzu Forest, Ankola , Nov. 1961 R.H. Carcasson ( NMK) ; 1 ♀ Western, Budongo Forest, 3000 ft, 17.xii.2000 D.J.L. Agassiz; Western , Budongo Forest , 1°48’32’’N 31°32’44’’E, 1100 m, 14.iii.2013, D. Agassiz & M. Ngugi ; 1 ♀ Central, Ma- bira Forest , 0°23’56’’N 33°0’43’’E, 1200 m 9.iii.2013, D. Agassiz & M. Ngugi ( DJLA) ; 23 specimens, 8 ♂ 12 ♀ 3 without abdomen, Jinja ( MNHNP) ; 1 ♂ Sindo-Ungoye Road , 0°35.778’S 34°05.918’E 1153 m 11.xii.2004 A&M coll ♯3063 R.S. Copeland ( USNM 00808055 ) ; TANZANIA: 1 ♀ Amani iv.1964 G.Pringle ( NHMUK) ; 1 ♀ no ab- domen, Arusha, N.P. Momela Road, 5300 ft, 3°16’17’’S 36°50’57’’E, 9.v.2001, D.J.L. Agassiz ( DJLA) ; 1 specimen E. slope of Mt Meru , 5700 ft, 21.i–1.ii. 1966, leg. Dr Szunyoghy ( TMMA) ; 1 ♂ Evangel Missions Station , Tanga 25.iv.1906 Thiel S ( ZMBH) ; SOUTH SUDAN: 1 ♀ Western Equatoria, Yambio, C.E. Wilson ( NHMUK) ; ETHIO- PIA: Abyssinia, Schimper 1850. Chr. Gibeaux slide 8970 ♂ ( MNHNP) ; 2 ♀ Addis Ababa 10.ix.1990 & 26.viii.1982 Dr Angustein Mgdbd DDR ( NHMUK) .

Figures

PLATE 11.