Gonocephalum reticulatum Motschulsky, 1853

Long, Jia, Guo-Dong, Ren & You-Zhi, Yu, 2013, Descriptions of eleven Opatrini pupae (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) from China, ZooKeys 291, pp. 83-105 : 87-88

Gonocephalum reticulatum Motschulsky Fig. 1: 10-18

Redescription.

Male. Body sparsely covered with short setae; the total number of setose tubercles and setae on pronotal borders, hypomeron, vertex, mandibles and the last segment of maxillary palpus about 14-18 and 22-28, respectively.

Head bent at acute angle to pronotum, each side with a longitudinal, shallow groove between clypeus and gena. Labrum without setae, anterior border rounded. Oculus oval.

Pronotum: transverse, widest near middle, with the anterior part distinctly narrowed and the posterior part slightly narrowed; anterior border broadly emarginated and the emargination straight in middle; lateral borders broadly protuberant, flattened and stretched laterally; posterior border of pronotum bisinuate ( Fig. 1 : 13); anterior angles acute, posterior angles obtuse; disc flat, without setae, with short and narrow furrows.

Mesonotum slightly convex in middle of posterior part, posterior border protuberant. Posterior border of metanotum straight.

Elytral sheath striped and sparsely setose. Metathoracic wing sheath incompletely shrouded by elytral sheath ( Fig. 1 : 10-12).

Abdominal segments III-IX curved ventrally. The width of abdominal segments I-VII subequal to each other. Posterior border of abdominal sternite VIII slightly emarginated in middle, each side of the emargination with a long seta. Posterior border of abdominal tergite IX emarginated in middle; urogomphi diverging from each other, BUL subequal to UL ( Fig. 1 : 15-16). Abdominal tergites I-VII each with a concaveness between its lateral process and lateral border in middle, lateral processes each with 2 equally large and several minute setose tubercles along outer border, of which no minute setose tubercle presents in front of large setose tubercles I, 1 minute setose tubercle between large setose tubercles I and II and behind II, respectively ( Fig. 1 : 17-18). Outer borders of lateral processes of abdominal tergites I-VI straight. Spiracles of abdominal tergites I-VI nearly rounded, slightly convex.

Gonotheca without apophysis.

Female. Similar to the male, but posterior border of abdominal sternite VIII broadly protuberant; gonotheca without apophysis on the anterior part but with a conical apophysis on the posterior part.

Measurements.

BL: 5-5.5 mm; PL: 1.4-1.5 mm; PW: 2-2.1 mm; MSL: 0.9-1.0 mm; MTL: 1.1-1.2 mm; UL: 0.5 mm; BUL: 0.5 mm.

Material examined.

3, adults collected information: 6 April 1999, Ningxia Agriculture College, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, China; pupation date: 20 June 1999.

Remarks.

This species was included in the key of tenebrionid pupae by Yu et al. (1999), but only mentioned with some characters for identification. Here its morphological characters are described in detail and provided with the photos for the first time.

Figures

Figure 1. 1 - 9 Scleropatrum horridum horridum Reitter, 1898 1 Pupal habitus in dorsal view 2 Pupal habitus in lateral view 3 Pupal habitus in ventral view 4 Pronotum 5 Head 6 Urogomphi in dorsal view 7 Urogomphi in ventral view 8 Lateral process of abdominal tergite V 9 Lateral process of abdominal tergite VII 10 - 18 Gonocephalum reticulatum Motschulsky, 1854 10 Pupal habitus in dorsal view 11 Pupal habitus in lateral view 12 Pupal habitus in ventral view 13 Pronotum 14 Head 15 Urogomphi in dorsal view 16 Urogomphi in ventral view 17 Lateral process of abdominal tergite V 18 Lateral process of abdominal tergite VII. a Pronotum b Mesonotum c Metanotum d Abdominal segment I e Abdominal segment II f Abdominal segment III g Abdominal segment IV h Abdominal segment V i Abdominal segment VI j Abdominal segment VII k Urogomphi l Profoot m Elytral sheath n Mesofoot o Metathoracic wing sheath p Metafoot q Abdominal sternite VII r Abdominal sternite VIII s Gonotheca t large setose tubercle I u large setose tubercle II.