Bisnius Stephens 1829

Chani-Posse, Mariana, Newton, Alfred F., Hansen, Aslak Kappel & Solodovnikov, Alexey, 2018, Checklist and taxonomic changes for Central and South American Philonthina (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), Zootaxa 4449 (1), pp. 1-95 : 30-31

Bisnius Stephens 1829

Bisnius Stephens 1829a: 23 , attributed to Leach. Type species: Staphylinus cephalotes Gravenhorst,1802 , by virtual monotypy.

Notes: There are 84 valid species of Bisnius distributed worldwide (Newton unpublished database). However, only three of them had been recorded from the Neotropical region and none of those was endemic to this area prior to the present study. A recent study ( Chani-Posse et al. 2018) reveals Bisnius as a non-monophyletic genus within a major clade that includes representatives of both Gabrius Stephens and the so-called Neotropical lineage. After Stephens (1829b, 1832) and Curtis (1829), most authors considered Bisnius as a synonym or subgenus of Philonthus (see Herman 2001d: 2537) until Smetana (1995: 513) recognized it as a valid genus and revised its species from America North of Mexico. We owe its current concept to this author.

Bisnius cephalotes ( Gravenhorst 1802) [adventive in CASA]

Staphylinus cephalotes Gravenhorst 1802: 22 . Type locality: Brunsuigae [Brunswick, Germany]. Type depository: ZMHB LT ♂, 10 PLT. Distribution: Europe, Egypt, Algeria, Iceland, Madeira, Turkey, Syria, Russia (European, Siberia, Far East), Kazakhstan, Iran, Mongolia, China (Heilongjiang); Japan; adventive in Canada, USA, Chile, Argentina. Notes: comb. nov. ex Staphylinus ( Stephens 1833: 247) ; preoccupied, junior primary homonym of Staphylinus cephalotes Gmelin 1790: 2036 , but conserved, with senior primary homonym as a nomen oblitum, in Opinion 2053 ( ICZN 2003); lectotype designation and description ( Smetana 1995: 527).

Bisnius instabilis ( Horn 1884)

Philonthus instabilis Horn 1884: 218 . Type locality: Colorado [no specific locality]. Type depository: MCZ LT ♂, 2 PLT. Distribution: Canada, USA, Mexico. Notes: comb. nov. ex Philonthus , lectotype designation, no Mexican records ( Smetana 1995: 599); distribution within (and including) Mexico ( Navarrete-Heredia et al. 2002).

Bisnius sordidus ( Gravenhorst 1802) [adventive in CASA]

Staphylinus sordidus Gravenhorst 1802: 176 (senior primary homonym of Staphylinus sordidus Marsham 1802: 514 ). Type locality: Brunsuigae [ Germany]. Type depository: ZMHB LT ♂, 8 PLT. Distribution: Palearctic (Europe to north Africa, Turkey, Syria, Iran, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Mongolia, Japan), Azores, Canary Is., Madeira, Japan, Mongolia, China, India (KA), Nepal; adventive in Canada, USA, Mexico, Chile, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, Tristan da Cunha. Notes: as Philonthus (Stephens: 233); to Bisnius , lectotype designation, redescription and distribution including " Mexico and Central America to South America" ( Smetana 1995: 523); distribution within Mexico ( Navarrete-Heredia et al. 2002).

= Staphylinus chilensis Solier 1849: 315 . Type locality: San Carlos , Coquimbo & Longotomo [ Chile] . Type depository: MNHN? #? ST. Distribution : Chile. Note: as synonym of S. sordidus ( Fauvel 1866: 344) .

= Staphylinus chloropterus Solier 1849: 319 (preoccupied, junior primary homonym of Staphylinus chloropterus Panzer 1796 : pl.20). Type locality: no specificic locality “en los lugares húmedos”. Type depository: MNHN? #?ST. Distribution: Chile. Note: as synonym of S. sordidus ( Fauvel 1866: 344) .

= Philonthus bruchi Bruch 1915: 501 , attributed to Bernhauer in litteris; nomen nudum. Locality: Buenos Aires. Note: One specimen in MACN hand-labeled " Philonthus Bruchi Brh. tipo" by Bruch and " Bruchi n. sp." by Bernhauer was identified as Bisnius sordidus by MCP in 2010; an additional specimen in FMNH was identified as Bisnius cephalotes by MCP in 2003 ( Bachmann et al. 2017: 44).

Bisnius subaeneipennis (Bernhauer 1916) comb. nov. ( Figs. 53 –54)

Philonthus subaeneipennis Bernhauer 1916a: 32 . Type locality: Columbien: Muzo ( Rio Cantinerpe , 500m). Type depository: FMNH HT. Distribution: Colombia .

Type material examined. Holotype (FMNH, Figs. 53 –54): card mounted // Muzo, Colomb. Rio Cantinero 500m. oklio. // Columbio occ. Cali, Fassl (white label) // subaeneipennis Bernh Typus unic. [in Bernhauer’s hand] (yellow label)// Chicago NHMus M.Bernhauer Collection (white label)”.

Figures

FIGURE 53. Biogeographical regionalization of Central and South America proposed by Morrone (2014, 2015) and the Tropical Andes (CEPF 2017).