Entomobrya quinquelineata Börner, 1901

Baquero, Enrique & Jordana, Rafael, 2008, Redescription of Entomobrya quinquelineata Börner, 1901 (Collembola: Entomobryidae) and description of three new species, Zootaxa 1821, pp. 1-12 : 3-6

Entomobrya quinquelineata Börner, 1901

( Figs 1–6 , 16–21 , 24 )

Type locality: "Green Hunter" inn, near Verden on Aller (Lower Saxony, Bremen, GERMANY). The type material from Bremen has not been found, although all Börner specimens deposited at Görlitz has been studied. It is not possible erecting a Lectotype.

Börner's original description (1901, pp 69–70) provides general information that does not serve to differentiate between other Entomobrya species. Only some dimensions and the description of the colour pattern can partly be used. A translation of the original description is given below.

"48. E. quinquelineata Nov. spec. (on var?) (table I, Fig. 4 . – Fig. 10 in this paper–) Antennas longer than half of the body with unclear structured basal ring. Abdomen IV 4 times as long as abdomen III. Unguis of all legs with two paired and two unpaired teeth. Empodium narrow and pointed. Very soft mucronal basal spine. The remaining morphological characteristics are the same as for other types of Entomobrya . Typical ciliated macrochaetae of the genus particularly on the head and rest of the body, particularly on thorax II. Length up to 1.5 mm. Base colour of the body yellow, sometimes light brown. Connected dark or black-brown stripes along the whole body in several rows: 1 lateral band each side, from the dark eye to the end of abdomen IV; 1 dorsolongitudinal band (as used by Schaeffer: dorsalflecke) from thorax II to abdomen VI; 1 central-longitudinal band from the forehead to the end of abdomen IV; thorax II without pigment; hind part of abdomen IV with narrow transverse bands, and with different patches joined together; the central-longitudinal band can also, even if only clear slight trace, extend to abdomen V. Lateral and central longitudinal band sometimes brown, not pigmented black. Antennal base brown, the antennal segments III and IV similarly coloured. I had not previously observed this pretty form, therefore I described it as a new species or variety. It is particularly characterised by its longitudinal stripes, different to E. nicoleti , E. corticalis , E. arborea , E. nivalis , E. spectabilis and E. albocincta . Unfortunately I am not able to decide whether it is a kind or variety of E. muscorum or E. disjuncta ."

The description is based on three specimens found near the “Green Hunter” inn, near Verden on Aller (Lower Saxony -Niedersachsen-), 35 kilometres southeast of Bremen, northern Germany, collected from shrubs.

The specimens more probably related to those observed by Börner are the specimen from Holland (see "Specimens studied"). A consensual description of E. quinquelineata –using all available information– is given below:

Base colour pale yellow with dark blue patches as in Figs 1–6 . The specimens from AUSTRIA have a similar colour pattern, with smaller patches but a comparable design ( Fig. 2 ). The specimens from HOL- LAND ( Fig. 3 ) and LITHUANIA ( Fig. 4 ) are similar too, and share with the MHNG specimen a particular design in the initial part of abdominal segment IV. The specimens from El Ejido ( SPAIN) ( Fig. 5 ) present the typical 5 longitudinal stripes only interrupted on abdominal tergite IV, but narrower. Apical vesicle as a single lobe or bilobed. This character not visible depending upon the position of the specimen on the slide. Labral papillae smooth. Unguis with four internal teeth: a first pair at 3/5ths of distance from the unguis base, and two unpaired teeth (the first at 4/5ths) dorsal basal tooth, not beyond a third of distance from unguis base ( Fig. 24 ). Empodial appendage lanceolate, with smooth or slightly serrated outer edge at leg III (this character, under optical microscope, not visible but, depending upon the unguiculus position, only one of the inferior lamella can be seen). Macrochaetotaxy in Table 1 (see the generic macrochaetotaxy of Fig. 2 ). Simplified consensual formula: 3-1-0-2-2/2-3/2-2/1-2-1/0-3(4)-3(5)-2-2 (head areas: H1-H5/thoracic tergite II: T1-T2/ abdominal tergite II: A1-A2/abdominal tergite III: A3-A5/abdominal tergite IV: A6–A10, Table 1). Manubrial plate with four setae and two pseudopores. Both mucronal teeth similar in size, and mucronal spine present. The remaining characters are shown in Table 1 (based on Jordana and Baquero 2005).

It was not possible to observe the macrochaetotaxy in the specimens from Ronda, SPAIN (PAN), which had been conserved in ethyl alcohol for many years, therefore only the colour pattern ( Fig. 6 ) was used to determine their inclusion in this group.

Distribution. From the original description, the E. quinquelineata species has been recorded from Poland ( Schille, 1908), Galizien ( Schille, 1912), Hungary ( Stach, 1922; Traser, 2002; Hufnagel and Gaal, 2005), Germany ( Stach, 1923; Stierhof, 2003), Morocco ( Handschin, 1925), Algeria ( Handschin, 1926 and 1928), the Netherlands ( Buitendijk, 1941; Berg and Aptroot, 2003), Belgium ( Marlier, 1942), Switzerland ( Gisin, 1946), Austria ( Törne, 1958), USSR ( Grindbergs, 1960), Ronda-Spain ( Stach, 1963), Ibiza-Spain and Rhodos ( Ellis, 1974a and 1974b), Pyrenees ( Gough, 1975), USA ( Wagner, 1977), France ( Lauga-Reyrel and Lauga, 1995; Pernin et al., 2006), Czech Republic ( Rusek, 1995) and Lithuania ( Eitminaviciute, 2006).

The localities mentioned so far for this species in the Fauna Europaea project (Fauna Europaea Web Service 2007) are: Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Dodecanese Islands, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Poland, Romania, Central Russia, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia, North Africa.

Remarks. Some characters showed slight differences between specimens from different localities. Ch. 4 (S1–S4 setae on head) varied from 1 to 3, but in specimens from three localities 2 were present, that is the default value in general formula; this number was the same as other the species described in this paper. In the specimens from Lithuania the unguical dorsal tooth ( Ch. 15) is at half the distance from the unguis base. This was the unique significant character that separated these specimens from the general description of E. quinquelineata , but we considered that it was not enough to justify the Lithuanian specimens to be described as a new species.

TABLE 1. Comparative set of characteristics for specimens from different Entomobrya species with a similar colour pattern. Number of specimens studied: Switzerland (1); Austria (2); El Ejido, Almería, Spain (2); Barranquillas-Madrid, Spain (7); Ifrane, Morocco (3); Suffolk, England (1); Ronda, Spain (1); and Lithuania (9); (see Material and Methods for material deposited). "-": no data. "#": mesochaeta.

)

))) Spain, Spain))

Switzerland Austria)) Holland Lithuania Ejido El, Madrid (. ( Morocco. England (

((((( sp sp sp. Character Location Description (character state) Value quinquelineata quinquelineata quinquelineata quinquelineata quinquelineata fimbaensis . n maroccana . n. n lawrencei

name range........ E E E E E E E E

Ch.1 H1 (Head) An2-An3 1-6 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Ch.2 H2 A5-A7 1-3 1? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ch.3 H3 S'0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ch.4 H4 S1-S3- S4 0 -3 3? 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 Ch.5 H5 Ps2-Ps3-Ps5 0-3 2? 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Ch.6 Labral papillae simple and smooth papillae (1)

wrinkled or with some projections (2) 1-3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1

a projection setae like (3)

Ch.7 eyes G&H size = E&F (1), <E&F (2) 1-2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 Ch.8 apical antennal no bulb (0), lobe simple (1), 0-3 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1

retractile bulb bilobate (2), trilobate (3)

Ch.9 Ratio Ant./Head> or = 3 (1),> or = 2 <3 (2), <2 (3) 1-3 2 2 3 1 2 2 2 - Ch.10 anterior dorsal mane with Ms type 1 (1), without Ms or type 2 (2) 1-2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Th II Ms

Ch.11 T1 setae number m1-m 2i 2 or>4 (5) 0-5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ch.12 T2 setae number a5, m4-m5 or>8 (9) 0-9 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Ch.13 Smooth setae on not or 1 in tibiotarsi III = 0, double file = 1 0-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

tibiotarsi

Ch.14 Unguis internal teeth 1(1), 2(2), 3(3), 4(4) 1-4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Ch.15 Unguis dorsal tooth basal = 1, internal teeth level = 2 1-2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 - Ch.16 Unguis internal edge without ciliation (0), with ciliation (1) 0-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - Ch.17 External unguiculous smooth (0), serrate (1) 0-1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 - Ch.18 A1 Abd. II a2-a3 0-2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ch.19 A2 Abd. II m3 series setae number 0-7 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 Ch.20 A3 Abd. III a1 0-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ch.21 A4 Abd. III above m2 setae number 0-3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 Ch.22 A5 Abd. III m3-m4 series setae number 0-4 1 1+m 1 1 1 2 1 1 Ch.23 A6 Abd. IV a1-a5 (A1-D1) setae number;>8 (9) 0-9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ch.24 A7 unpair seta ma0 (A0 3) 0-1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Ch.25 A7 Abd. IV ma1-ma4 (A2-E1) setae number;>9 (10) 0- 10 3 3-4 3-4 4 4-5 5 0 2 Ch.26 A8 unpair seta m0 (A0 4) 0-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ch.27 A8 Abd. IV m1-m3 (A4a-C2a) setae number;>5 (6) 0-6 4 3-4 5 3 5 3 3 2 Ch.28 A9 unpair seta mp0 (A0 5) 0-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ch.29 A9 Abd. IV mp1-mp3 (A5-B5) setae number;>6 (7) 0-7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ch.30 A10 Abd. IV p1a-p3 (A6-B6) setae number;>5 (6) 0-6 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ch.31 A11 Abd. IV T1 (ma4e) as thrichobotrium 0-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ch.32 A12 Abd. IV T2 (m4) as thrichobotrium 0-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ch.33 A13 Abd. IV T4 (mp4) as thrichobotrium 0-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ch.34 A14 Abd. IV T6 (p4) as thrichobotrium 0-1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ch.35 Ratio Abd.IV/Abd. III 2 <R <4 (1), R> 4 (2) 1-2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 - Ch.36 Manubrial plate setae number;>10 (11) 0- 11 4 4 4 4 4 4 - 4 Ch.37 Manubrial plate pseudopores 1-2 1-2 2? 2 2 2 2 2 - 2 Ch.38 Mucro sub-apical tooth without (0), normal (1), big (2) 0-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - Ch.39 Mucro basal spine 0-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 11. Colour pattern of E. quinquelineata and other species of a similar colouration: 1, E. quinquelineata from Switzerland (MHNG); 2, E. quinquelineata from Austria (MZNA); 3, E. quinquelineata from Holland (from Coll. M. P. Berg, now in MZNA); 4, E. quinquelineata from Lithuania (Potapov Coll.); 5, E. quinquelineata from El Ejido, Almería, Spain (MZNA); 6, E. quinquelineata from Ronda, Spain (PAN); 7, E. fimbaensis n. sp. (Barranquillas-Madrid, Spain. MZNA); 8, 11, E. maroccana n. sp. (Ifrane, Morocco. NHM); 9, E. lawrencei n. sp. from Suffolk, England (NHM); 10, E. quinquelineata (original from Börner's description).

FIGURES 16 – 23. Areas A 7 and A 8 (abdominal tergite IV). 16, E. quinquelineata from Switzerland (MHNG); 17, E. quinquelineata from Austria (MZNA); 18, E. quinquelineata from Holland (MZNA); 19, E. quinquelineata from Lithuania (Potapov Coll.); 20 – 21, E. quinquelineata from El Ejido-Spain (MZNA); 22, E. fimbaensis n. sp. (Barranquillas- Madrid, Spain. MZNA); 23, E. maroccana n. sp. (Ifrane, Morocco. NHM).

FIGURES 24 – 25. 24, Unguis of E. quinquelineata from El Ejido, Almería, Spain (MZNA); 25, Unguis of E. maroccana n. sp. (Ifrane, Morocco. NHM).