Cryptinglisia chilensis Kondo & Gullan

Kondo, Takumasa & Gullan, Penny J., 2010, The Coccidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Chile, with descriptions of three new species and transfer of Lecanium resinatum Kieffer & Herbst to the Kerriidae, Zootaxa 2560, pp. 1-15 : 3-6

Cryptinglisia chilensis Kondo & Gullan sp. nov.

( Figs 1 A, 2)

Proposed common names. Spanish: Escama blanda vidriosa de Chile; English: Chilean glassy scale.

Type material examined. Holotype, adult female. Chile, Xth region, Volcán Osorno, 16.ii.2006, coll. Takumasa Kondo, ex twig of Nothofagus dombeyi , 1(1) ( USNM). Paratype, same data, first-instar nymph, 1(1) ( USNM).

Adult female (measurements based on n=1).

Unmounted material ( Fig. 1 A). Adult female in life 4.0 mm long, 3.2 mm wide, oval, moderately convex. Test of scale glassy, semi-transparent, with about 12 pointed waxy/glassy plates around body, with an ovoid whitish median central plate composed of three subplates with radiating ridges.

Slide-mounted material ( Fig. 2 ). Insect 3.9 mm long, 3.0 mm wide, body oval in shape, anterior margin notched.

Dorsum. Derm membranous, apparently with a thin cuticle. Dorsal setae completely absent. Dorsal microducts oval, unilocular, each about 1.2 μm wide, very scarce, scattered over dorsum. Simple pores each 3.0 μm wide, scarce, scattered over dorsum. Dorsal tubular ducts, dorsal tubercles and pocket-like sclerotizations absent. Preopercular pores circular to irregularly ovoid in shape, each about 4.0–7.0 μm wide, present along midline from area just anterior to anal plates and extending anteriorly up to about mesothorax. Anal plates together subcircular, with smooth rounded outer angles, plates located at about 1/5 of body length from posterior margin, each plate 120–130 μm long, 43–55 μm wide, with about 4 bluntly spinose setae on dorsal surface along inner margin, plus 4 pairs of fringe setae anteriorly (2 shorter and 2 longer pairs); ventral subapical setae and hypopygial setae not detected. Anal ring with 10 setae. A narrow sclerotic area present around anal plates.

Margin. Marginal setae conical, with a bulbous base, straight, each 20–40 μm long, arranged in a single row, with about 28 on each side between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas. Stigmatic clefts very shallow or absent, each with 1 stigmatic spine per stigmatic area, probably all with a pointed apex and about 50 μm long. Eyes about 22.5 µm wide, located on dorsal margin.

Venter. Derm entirely membranous. Perivulvar pores each 5.0–6.0 μm wide, with 5 loculi, present submarginally along anal fold just posterior to vulvar area, with a linear submedial group extending anteriorly on either side up to around abdominal segment V. Spiracular pores each 4.0–5.0 μm wide, with 5 loculi, present in a narrow band as wide as peritreme (about 1 or 3 pores wide), but widening near margins (about 4 to 5 pores wide), with line of pores extending laterally from each spiracle to body margin. Ventral microducts scarce, scattered evenly throughout, each about 3.0 μm wide. Ventral tubular ducts present in a broad submarginal band, and also around mouthparts, and medially between each pair of legs; each tubular duct with a terminal filament ending in a roundish flower-shaped gland. Ventral submarginal setae slender, straight or slightly bent, each 11–16 μm long; ventral median setae present on last 4 abdominal segments, each 10–16 μm long, with longest setae (23–32 μm long) present on last abdominal segment. Spiracles rather small, anterior spiracular peritremes each 45–48 μm wide, posterior peritremes each 50–53 μm wide, with a ring of sclerotization around each spiracle. Legs well developed, but small, each coxa 120–130 μm long, trochanter + femur 160–170 μm long; tibia + tarsus 180–220 μm long, without a tibio-tarsal scleroses; claw 20–23 μm long, without a denticle. Tarsal digitules both similar, knobbed; claw digitules similar and broad. Antennae each 210–220 μm long, 7 segmented, with fleshy setae present on last 3 antennal segments; with long slender setae present on pedicel and antennal segment IV. With about 4 pairs of interantennal setae, each interantennal seta 9–21 μm long. Mouthparts relatively small; clypeolabral shield 145 μm wide; labium 95 μm long, 100 μm wide, 1 segmented, with 4 pairs of labial setae.

Diagnosis. The adult female of C. chilensis can be diagnosed by the combination of the following features: (1) insect in life covered in an ornate glassy wax cover; (2) dorsum entirely membranous; (3) dorsal setae completely absent; (4) dorsal tubercles and dorsal tubular ducts absent; (5) one stigmatic spine per stigmatic cleft; (6) antennae well developed, 7 segmented; (7) legs well developed, small, without tibio-tarsal scleroses; (8) ventral tubular ducts present in a broad submarginal band, around mouthparts, and medially between each pair of legs; and (9) perivulvar pores with 5 loculi, present submarginally along anal cleft just posterior to vulvar area, with a linear group extending anteriorly on either side up to around abdominal segment V.

There are currently two species of Cryptinglisia recorded from the New World, namely C. lounsburyi and C. patagonica . Cryptinglisia chilensis appears closest to C. lounsburyi , but the two species can be differentiated by the combination of the following features (character states of C. lounsburyi in parentheses, taken from Hodgson (1994)): (1) antennae 7 segmented (antennae 7 or 8 segmented); (2) perivulvar pores present submarginally along anal fold just posterior to vulvar area, with a linear submedial group extending anteriorly on either side up to around abdominal segment V (perivulvar pores restricted to a small group of 1– 3 pores on either side of anal cleft just posterior to anal plates). Cryptinglisia chilensis differs from C. patagonica by the following combination of features (character states of C. patagonica in parentheses, taken from Granara de Willink (1999)): (1) preopercular pores shallow (preopercular pores deeply invaginated); (2) mid-dorsal line of preopercular pores extending up to about mesothorax (mid-dorsal line of preopercular pores extending up to cephalic region; (3) stigmatic spine differentiated from marginal setae, 1 per stigmatic cleft (stigmatic spine not differentiated from marginal setae); and (4) antennae with 7 segments (8 segments).

Etymology. The species is named after its country of origin, Chile.

Biology. Insects found on twigs and leaves of N. dombeyi . The holotype was collected on a twig, and several specimens collected on the leaves were lost.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Adult female coccids: A, Cryptinglisia chilensis; B, Pulvinaria drimyswinteri, young adults; C, Pulvinaria drimyswinteri, adult with ovisac (centre); D, Stictolecanium cranstoni, young adult; E, Stictolecanium cranstoni, mature adult; F. Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi.

FIGURE 2. Cryptinglisia chilensis Kondo & Gullan, adult female.