Macraspis phallocardia Bento, Jameson, Seidel, 2022

Bento, Matheus, Jameson, Mary Liz & Seidel, Matthias, 2022, New species and illustrated key of Macraspis (Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) from the Amazon biome of Brazil, ZooKeys 1124, pp. 161-189 : 161

Macraspis phallocardia Bento, Jameson, Seidel sp. nov.

Figs 1L , 5D-G , 10A-G , 11E-H , 12

Type material

(4 males, 14 females). Holotype male deposited at DZUP, labeled: "Ouro Preto / d’Oeste, RO / 29-X-1987 / C. Elias, leg" (white, printed) // "Projeto Po / -lonoroeste" (white, printed) // " DZUP / 530600" (white, printed) // "HOLOTYPE / M. phallocardia / M. Bento, det. 2019". Paratypes. Same data as holotype, but 05.IX.1987 (2 ♀, DZUP), 12.IX.1987 (♀, DZUP), 20.IX.1987 (♂, CEMT, ♀, DZUP), 27.IX.1987 (♀, CEMT, ♂, DZUP), 10.X.1987 (♂, INPA, 2 ♀, DZUP), 18.X.1987 (♀, INPA, 2 ♀, DZUP), 13.XI.1987 (2 ♀, DZUP), 19.VIII.1987 (♀, DZUP), 03.X.1987 (♀, DZUP).

Diagnosis.

Male: lateral articular areas of tectum thickened and deflected outward (Fig. 10E ); paramera in caudal view rounded-oval, with apex rounded to slightly constricted and sides not declivous (Fig. 10F ). Female: Females of this species are diagnosed in association with male specimens.

Description.

Male holotype (Fig. 10A, B, E-G ). Length 11.3 mm, width 6.1 mm. Body rounded-oval. Coloration. General color shiny green with brownish reflections. Pronotum with posterolateral yellow maculae laterally extending to anterior margins. Head. Vertex sparsely punctate at disc, laterally punctostriate. Frons with slight V-shaped depression, densely punctate, punctures moderate and deep. Interocular width 4 times wider than transverse eye diameter. Clypeus confluently punctate, with anterior margin subtrapezoidal, slightly raised medially. Pronotum shallowly and sparsely punctate at disc and moderately punctate anterolaterally, punctures moderate and deep. Scutellar shield moderately punctate, longer than elytral suture. Elytra 2.3 times longer than wide, moderately punctate, punctures large. Posthumeral depression weak. Apical umbone wide and poorly defined. Pygidium strongly convex, with concentric sculpturing and moderately punctate posteriorly. Venter glabrous, moderately punctate. Mesometaventral process anteriorly directed between procoxae, ventrally flat, with apex abruptly acute in anteroventral view. Mesepimera partially exposed in dorsal view, slightly convex and transversally ridged. Legs. Protibia externally tridentate, with proximal tooth well defined. Protarsomere V enlarged, longer than protarsomeres I-IV combined. Anterior protarsal claw enlarged, unequally cleft and obliquely truncated. Mesotibia with internal margin straight, with inner apex not dilated. Mesotarsomere IV with ventroapical projection well developed, thickened and ventrally curved. Abdomen with ventrite 6 broadly and slightly emarginated posteriorly. Aedeagus (Fig. 10E-G ). Tectum moderately narrowed towards the apical edge, with lateral articular areas thickened and deflected outward. Paramera in caudal view rounded-oval, with apex parabolic and sides not declivous. Endophallus (Fig. 11E-H ) divided into three portions: one narrow, tube-shaped basal portion; one wide, sac-shaped medial portion; and one hairy, slender apical portion. Medial portion with a large ventral raspula and a small dorsoproximal raspula bearing dense, thin-walled asperites; a dorsodistal raspula bearing an irregular, dense multiple rows of thick-walled asperites; and a large and cultrate lateral sclerite, with proximal and distal edges thick and slightly raised.

Paratypes (3 males, 14 females): male paratypes differ from holotype in length (10.7-11.7 mm), width (5.8-6.7 mm), and form of the apex of paramera (more round to slightly narrowed). Female paratypes (Fig. 10C, D ). Length 10.8-11.8 mm, width 6-6.4 mm. The females differ from males by the clypeus longer, anteriorly narrower and more raised; pygidium plano-convex; protibia with outer teeth stronger and apically rounded; protarsomere V simple, with anterior claw unenlarged and equally cleft; inner metatibial spur apically rounded; Mesotarsomere IV with a ventroapical projection short and straight; and abdominal ventrite 6 not emarginated. External genitalia (Fig. 5D-F ). Gonocoxites light brown, slightly sclerotized and moderately setose apically, setae moderately long. Proximal gonocoxites short and semicircular, wider than long, barely overlapping the distal gonocoxites; surface moderately punctate. Distal gonocoxites broadly rounded apically, with inner margin almost straight.

Etymology.

The specific epithet is Greek for ' phallos ' (= penis) and ' kardia ' (= heart), refers to the heart-shaped male paramera of this species.

Distribution

(Fig. 12 ). Brazil (10). Rondônia: Ouro Preto d’Oeste.

Remarks.

This species has the same color pattern as M. buehrnheimi sp. nov., M. fernandezi , and M. lateralis . The male genitalia of M. phallocardia sp. nov. is more similar to that of M. lateralis , but these species are differentiated by (characters of M. lateralis given in parenthesis): tectum with lateral articular areas thickened and deflected outward (tectum with lateral articular areas compressed and straight; Fig. 10H ); paramera in caudal view rounded-oval, with apex rounded to slightly constricted and sides not declivous (paramera in caudal view laterobasally projected backward, with sides slightly declivous and narrowly constricted apically; Fig. 10I ); medial portion of endophallus with ventral and dorsoproximal raspulae (Fig. 11E-H ), a dorsodistal raspula bearing dense and multiple rows of asperites (Fig. 11E ), and a lateral sclerite with proximal and distal edges thin and slightly raised (Fig. 11F, G ) (medial portion of endophallus without ventral raspulae, Fig. 11D ; with a dorsodistal raspula bearing a sparse and simple row of asperites, Fig. 11A ; and a lateral sclerite with medial edge raised and distal edge thickened and roundly protruding, Fig. 11B, C ). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. is apparently sympatric with M. opala sp. nov., the type series of which was also collected in the Madeira-Tapajós interfluvium.

Figures

Figure 1. Macraspis spp. (A-O). Lateral and ventral views of pro- and mesothorax of A, B M. morio and D, E M. p. pseudochrysis. Dorsal view of head and anterior portion of pronotum of C M. festiva and F M. c. chloraspis. Anterior view of mesothoracic legs of G M. festiva H M. oblonga I M. p. pseudochrysis and J M. c. chloraspis. Female metatibial spurs of K M. c. chloraspis and L M. phallocardia sp. nov. Anterior view of mesotarsus of M M. p. pseudochrysis N M. c. chloraspis and O M. fernandezi. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 5. Comparison of female external genitalia of Macraspis buehrnheimi sp. nov. (A-C) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov (D-G). Macraspis buehrnheimi sp. nov. in A ventral B lateral and C dorsal views. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in D ventral E lateral and F dorsal views. Abbreviations: dgx = distal gonocoxite; pgx = proximal gonocoxite; pct = proctiger; ppt = paraproct. Scale bars: 0.3 mm.

Figure 10. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (A-G) and Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (H-J). Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. A holotype male dorsal view B holotype male ventral view C paratype female dorsal view D paratype female ventral view E-G aedeagus of holotype in E dorsal view F caudal view G lateral view. Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil H aedeagus in dorsal view I caudal view J lateral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (A-D); 0.5 mm (E, G, H, J); 0.2 mm (F, I).

Figure 11. Comparison of male endophalli of Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) (A-D) and Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. (E-H): Macraspis lateralis (Olivier, 1789) in A dorsal view B lateral view D lateral view and C showing detail of lateral sclerite. Macraspis phallocardia sp. nov. in E dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view and G showing detail of lateral sclerite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, D, E, F, H); 0.2 mm (C, G).

Figure 12. Distribution of Brazilian species of Macraspis treated in this publication. The Brazilian Amazon biome is colored lime green. Brazilian states are abbreviated as follows: AC = Acre, AM = Amazonas, AP = Amapa, BA = Bahia, ES = Espirito Santo, GO = Goias, MA = Maranhao, MG = Minas Gerais, MT = Mato Grosso = PA = Piaui, RO = Rondonia, RJ = Rio de Janiero, RR = Roraima, SP = Sao Paulo, TO = Tocantins.