Philonthus chalceipennis, Fauvel, 1878

Taphylininae, Iochini, Aorothiini, Thiini, Latyprosopini, Taphylinini, Mblyopinina, Nisolinina, Yptiomina, Hilonthina & Herman, Lee H., 2001, Staphylininae: Diochini, Maorothiini, Othiini, Platyprosopini, Staphylinini (Amblyopinina, Anisolinina, Hyptiomina, Philonthina), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2441 (265), pp. 2435-3021 : 2934-2938

chalceipennis Fauvel, 1878 g: 547 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nouvelle-Calédonie, Kanala ).

— Fauvel, 1889b: 265 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 352 ( Philonthus ; synonym of punctus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 123 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Tottenham, 1953: 148 ( Philonthus ; notes; probably a valid species and may be same as geus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 215 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

stoliczkae Sharp, 1878: 170 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Yarkand).

— Sharp, 1890: 40 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Cited by Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 as the original description]; characters; Yarkand).

— Fauvel, 1903: 159 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius variety inquinatus ).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 59 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius variety inquinatus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; synonym of punctus ).

— Tottenham, 1953: 148 ( Philonthus ; notes; probably a valid species).

— Smetana, 1958: 215 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

brunneipennis Quedenfeldt, 1882: 182 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Marocco: Tanger).

— Quedenfeldt, 1884: 374 ( Philonthus ; characters; Morocco).

— Fauvel, 1886: 55 [= 1886a: 47] ( Philonthus ; Morocco).

— Fauvel, 1903d: 271 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 352 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Cameron, 1932: 123 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Smetana, 1958: 215 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 199 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

rubrosuturatus Bernhauer, 1902: 166 ( Philonthus ; variety of quisquiliarius ; Type locality: Port Daufin, Madagaskar).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; variety of quisquiliarius ).

opacus Gerhardt, 1910: 555 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Liegnitz).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Smetana, 1958: 215 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 199 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

samoensis Bernhauer, 1922a: 150 ( Philonthus ; variety of quisquiliarius ; Type locality: Samoa: Apia).

— Cameron, 1932: 123 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1358 ( Philonthus ; variety of quisquiliarius ).

— Tottenham, 1953: 148 ( Philonthus ; notes; probably a valid species).

opacinus Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1358 ( Philonthus ; variety of quisquiliarius ; replacement name for opacus Gerhardt ).

— Smetana, 1959: 164 ( Philonthus ; aberration of quisquiliarius ; characters).

— Smetana, 1958: 215 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius ).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 424 ( Philonthus ; aberration of quisquiliarius ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 199 ( Philonthus ; characters; variety of quisquiliarius ).

— Tronquet, 1981: 71 ( Philonthus ; variety of quisquiliarius ; Afghanistan).

andalusiacus Coiffait, 1966c: 510 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of quisquiliarius ; Type locality: Andalousei, San Pedro Alcantara, Marbella).

— Coiffait, 1974: 200 ( Philonthus ; characters; subspecies of quisquiliarius ; Spain).

quisquiliaroides Scheerpeltz, 1974: 152 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cape Prov.: Steenkamp Puts , 37 miles NW Upington).

- DISTRIBUTION: South Africa.

rabidus Tottenham, 1962: 167 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Tanganyika Terr.: Ngorongoro, 2500–2600 m. Also cited from Kenya).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

ragusai Scheerpeltz, 1933 , see: alcyoneus Erichson, 1840 .

rainieri Hatch, 1957 , see: Bisnius .

ralumensis Bernhauer, 1915 g: 188 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ralums).

— Cameron, 1931: 363 ( Philonthus ; New Guinea).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

ramosus Levasseur, 1968: 1385 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: mont Cameroun).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon.

rapaciosus Tottenham, 1949b: 350 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Lulua: Kapanga).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

rapillyi Jarrige, 1971 , see: punctus Gravenhorst, 1802 .

rauli Scheerpeltz, 1978: 212 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Dadim-Bere, Timor).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.

rectangulus Sharp, 1874: 42 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nagasaki).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1922c: 232 ( Philonthus ; Formosa).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Gridelli, 1936a: 154 ( Philonthus ; notes on distribution).

— Walles, 1938: 69, 70 ( Philonthus ; Poland).

— Adachi, 1937: 57 ( Philonthus ; characters; Izu-Oshima).

— Tottenham, 1935 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain; France).

— Cameron, 1949b: 468 ( Philonthus ; Japan).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 63 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Coiffait, 1953: 78 ( Philonthus ; notes on distribution).

— Smetana, 1953: 118 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).

— Coiffait, 1954: 165 ( Philonthus ; notes; Canary Islands).

— Lohse, 1956: 88 ( Philonthus ; notes).

— Hatch, 1957: 192 ( Philonthus ; characters; British Columbia; Washington; Oregon; Idaho).

— Smetana, 1958: 174 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia). — Smetana, 1959: 156 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 128 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Nakane, 1963a: 91 ( Philonthus ; characters; habitus photograph; Japan).

— Scheerpeltz, 1963: 13 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Lohse, 1964: 181 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Philonthus ; Thailand).

— Palm, 1963b: 81 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Horion, 1965: 153 ( Philonthus ; Japan; Siberia; China; Afghanistan; widespread in Europe).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 415 ( Philonthus ; characters; Holarctic region; Chile).

— Last, 1968: 369 ( Philonthus ; New Guinea).

— Coiffait and Saiz, 1968: 351, 353, 354 ( Philonthus ; characters; introduced species; Chile).

— Raianu, 1969 ( Philonthus ; characters; ecological notes; Romania).

— Saiz, 1971b: 342 ( Philonthus ; notes; Chile).

— Watanabe and Shibata, 1972: 64 ( Philonthus ; Yaku-shima Island).

— Bacchus and Hammond, 1972: 63 ( Philonthus ; donkey dung; Britain).

— Coiffait, 1974: 194 ( Philonthus ; characters; Japan; China; Manchuria; Formosa; Palaearctic region; Madeira; Chile).

— Moore, 1975c: 106 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

— Coiffait, 1976: 217 ( Philonthus ; Tahiti).

— Coiffait, 1977b: 206 ( Philonthus ; Bhutan).

— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 291 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Scheerpeltz, 1978: 219 ( Philonthus ; Timor).

— Raichev, 1979: 82 ( Philonthus ; Bulgaria).

— Frank, 1982: 43 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Boller, 1983: 117 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Coiffait, 1984e: 373 ( Philonthus ; Nepal).

— Tóth, 1984: 63 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

— Yuh, Paik, Kwon, and Lee, 1985: 242 ( Philonthus ; cited as rectangules; Korea).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Israelson, 1990: 2 ( Philonthus ; Azores).

— Borges, 1990: Table II ( Philonthus ; Azores) .

— Kuschel, 1990: 26 ( Philonthus ; introduced, Palaearctic species; winged; habitat; New Zealand).

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 58 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Hunter, Kincher, Bay, Beerwinkle, 1991: 168 ( Philonthus ; seasonal distribution and diel flight activity; Texas).

— J. Li, 1993: 35 ( Philonthus ; China).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Dearborn and Donahue, 1994: 15 ( Philonthus ; Maine).

— Kanehisa, Tsumuki, and Kawazu, 1994 ( Philonthus ; chemical secretions).

— Nishida, 1994: 73 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

— Hayashi, 1994: 125 ( Philonthus ; characters; Japan).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; introduced in Italy).

— Smetana, 1995e: 216 ( Philonthus ; characters; Alberta; British Columbia; Manitoba; New Brunswick; Newfoundland; ontario; Quebec; Saskatchewan; Alaska; Arkansas; Arizona; California; Colorado; Connecticut; Florida; Georgia; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kansas; Kentucky; Louisiana; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi; Missouri; Montana; Nebraska; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New Mexico; New York;

North Carolina; North Dakota; Ohio; Oklahoma; Oregon; Pennsylvania; South Carolina;

South Dakota; Tennessee; Texas; Utah; Virginia; Washington; Wisconsin).

— Hodge and Jones, 1995: 40 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 378 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).

— Gerend and Braunert, 1997: 197 ( Philonthus ; notes; Luxembourg).

— Sterrenburg and Schülke, 1997: 18 ( Philonthus ; Netherlands).

— Nishida, 1997: 62 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

— Nishida, 1997: 62 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

— Schmidt, 1999: 108 ( Philonthus ; food for adults and larvae used for rearing species; rearing methods).

— Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).

— Ødegaard, 1999: 71 ( Philonthus ; invasive species associated with compost heaps in Nordic countries).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands, Madeira, Azores, Europe, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Thailand, Indonesia, New Guinea, Society Islands, China, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Hawaii, New Zealand, Canada, USA, Chile.

bernhaueri Csiki, 1901: 104 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: China: Peking).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Tottenham, 1941 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 174 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1959: 156 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 194 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1978: 219 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 216 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

tetragonocephalus Notman, 1924: 271 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cranberry Lake , New York).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1364 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1941 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Hatch, 1957: 192 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 174 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1959: 156 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Coiffait and Saiz, 1968: 354 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 194 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 216 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

rufipennis Wüsthoff, 1936: 236 ( Philonthus ; form of rectangulus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Not cited but presumably Rheinprovinz).

— Smetana, 1958: 174 ( Philonthus ; aberration of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1959: 156 ( Philonthus ; aberration of rectangulus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 415 ( Philonthus ; aberration of rectangulus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 194 ( Philonthus ; variety of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 216 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

mequignoni Jarrige, 1938: 206 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: France: Jouy-sous-Thelle , Oise).

— Tottenham, 1941 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Paulian, 1941: 228 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Gridelli, 1943: 128 ( Philonthus ; notes).

— Smetana, 1958: 174 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1959: 156 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Coiffait and Saiz, 1968: 354 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 194 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 216 ( Philonthus ; synonym of rectangulus ).

peculiaris Last, 1974b: 192 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of rectangulus ; Type locality:

New Guinea: Okapa).

recticollis Cameron, 1947: 2 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nizi: Blukwa).

— Tottenham, 1962: 196 ( Philonthus ; notes).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

rectilaterus Sharp, 1885: 425 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexico, Las Vigas ; Guatemala, Dueñas).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1971b: 205 ( Philonthus ; Guatemala; Mexico; El Salvador; Nicaragua; Costa Rica). - DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica.

rectus Tottenham, 1962: 197 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madagascar mer. or: Midongy ).

— Lecoq, 1998: 71 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Piezarthrus ; characters; Madagascar).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

reflexiventris Tikhomirova, 1973 , see: oberti Eppelsheim, 1889 .

regillus Sharp, 1876 , see: Paederomimus .

reinecki Schubert, 1902: 405 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Pietermaritzburg).

— Fauvel, 1907: 38 ( Philonthus ; Nairobi; Natal).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1955: 168 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Tottenham, 1962: 135, 153 ( Philonthus ; notes; characters; Tanganyika).

- DISTRIBUTION: South Africa, Tanzania, Kenya.

reitteri Eppelsheim, 1889 , see: Bisnius .

reitterianus Smetana, 1955: 208 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Buchara).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 429 ( Philonthus ; characters; Turkestan).

— Coiffait, 1974: 275 ( Philonthus ; characters; Uzbekistan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Uzbekistan.

remotus Fauvel, 1895: 264 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bírmanie, Carin Cheba , 900–1100 m; Carin Asciuii Ghécu, 1400–1500 m).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1932: 110 ( Philonthus ; characters; Burma; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1937: 5 ( Philonthus ; Java).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Myanmar, Indonesia.

nilgiriensis Cameron, 1920a: 215 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nilgiri Hills).

— Cameron, 1932: 110 ( Philonthus ; synonym of remotus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of remotus ).

renominatus Cameron, 1937: 5 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for vicinus Cameron, 1933 ).

— Cameron, 1937: 5 ( Philonthus ; Java).

— Herman, 2001: 28 ( Philonthus ; synonymy).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia, Malaysia.

vicinus Cameron, 1933d: 389 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Sumatra: Fort de Kock ; Gunung Singgalang; Malay Peninsula).

— Cameron, 1937: 5 ( Philonthus ; synonym of renominatus ).

pheres Smetana, 1963e: 74 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for vicinus Cameron, 1933 ; [Note: Unnecessary replacement name]).

— Herman, 2001: 28 ( Philonthus ; synonym of renominatus ).

renominatus Cameron, 1951 , see: repetitus Herman, 2001 .

repetitus Herman, 2001: 48 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for renominatus Cameron, 1951 ). - DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.

renominatus Cameron, 1951c: 402 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Kenya Colony : Nairobi).

— Herman, 2001: 48 ( Philonthus ; synonym of repetitus ).

reskai R. Dvořák, 1954 , see: Rabigus .

rhodesiae Tottenham, 1949b: 319 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: N.W. Rhodesia: Kashitu ,

N. of Broken Hill).

— Tottenham, 1962: 160 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Zambia.

rhodesianus Tottenham, 1949b: 348 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: N.W. Rhodesia: Kashitu ,

N. of Broken Hill. Belgian Congo: 10 miles S.W. of Elizabethville).

- DISTRIBUTION: Zambia, Congo.

richteri Bernhauer, 1912 , see: Chroaptomus .

ridens Tottenham, 1955: 167 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Type locality: S. Rhodesia: Umtali; also listed from N.W. Rhodesia and Transvaal).

— Tottenham, 1956: 227 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Ruanda).

- DISTRIBUTION: Rwanda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa.

ridiculus Blackwelder, 1944: 134 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for grandiceps Bernhauer ). - DISTRIBUTION: Colombia.

grandiceps Bernhauer, 1916c: 33 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: West-Columbien: Umgebung von Cali in Caucatale).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1345 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

riedeli Bernhauer, 1916c: 39 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Brasilien: S. Paulo, Umgebung von Ribeirao Preto Fundao).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Brazil.

riftensis Fauvel, 1907: 38 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kajabe , Rift Valley).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1962: 161 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.

riparius Cameron, 1926b: 351 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mussorie District; Mossy Falls, Kolhu Khet. Chakrata District; Mohna, Binal Gadh, Manjgaon, Chulli Khud.

Simla Hills, Kotgarh, Gahan, 5500 to 8000 feet).

— Cameron, 1928c: 563 ( Philonthus ; Sikkim; Tibet).

— Cameron, 1932: 91 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1977b: 209 ( Philonthus ; Bhutan).

— Coiffait, 1979d: 552 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Tronquet, 1981: 70 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

- DISTRIBUTION: China, Bhutan, India, Afghanistan.