Philonthus costatus, Baudi, 1848: 28

Taphylininae, Iochini, Aorothiini, Thiini, Latyprosopini, Taphylinini, Mblyopinina, Nisolinina, Yptiomina, Hilonthina & Herman, Lee H., 2001, Staphylininae: Diochini, Maorothiini, Othiini, Platyprosopini, Staphylinini (Amblyopinina, Anisolinina, Hyptiomina, Philonthina), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2441 (265), pp. 2435-3021 : 2994-3009

costatus Baudi, 1848: 28 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sardinia).

— Kraatz, 1857b: 176 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 574 ( Philonthus ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 1060 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Cameron, 1932: 131 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

alpigradus Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 481 [= 1877: 337] ( Philonthus ; Type locality:

la Grande-Chartreuse et mont Dore, Auvergne).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 454 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Cameron, 1932: 131 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

scutatus Eppelsheim, 1895a: 127 ( Philonthus ; variety of varians ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Gabon).

— Fauvel, 1907: 45 ( Philonthus ; variety of peregrinus ; Kilimandjaro; Obock; Abyssinia; Togo; Madagascar).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 350 ( Philonthus ; variety of peregrinus ).

— Rambousek, 1922: 1009 ( Philonthus ; variety of peregrinus ; Ethiopia).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Cameron, 1950g: 34 ( Philonthus ; variety of peregrinus ; Belgian Congo).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Jarrige, 1978: 291 ( Spatulonthus ; Madagascar).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

piceicoxis Gridelli, 1920: 18 , 19, 20 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varians ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5); preoccupied]; cited from Mte. Rima, Giudicarie, Trentino).

— Cameron, 1932: 131 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varians ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1366 ( Philonthus ; synonym of piceicoxis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1959: 160 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 244 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

fuscicoxis Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1366 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Nomen nudum since it is a replacement for an aberration (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5)]; replacement name for piceicoxis Gridelli ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 196 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1959: 160 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varians ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 419 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varians ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 244 ( Philonthus ; variety of varians ).

— Tóth, 1984: 71 ( Philonthus ; cited as fuscicornis ; aberration of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

varicolor Boheman, 1858 , see: hepaticus Erichson, 1840 .

variegatus Erichson, 1840 , see: Cafius .

variicolor Nordmann, 1837 , see: Quedius .

variipennis Kraatz, 1859: 85 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ceylan; India orientalis).

— Fauvel, 1886b: 150 ( Philonthus ; variety of quisquiliarius ; Philippines; Ceylon; East Indies;

Cochinchine; Annam; Sumatra; Java; Celebes).

— Bernhauer, 1902b: 27 ( Philonthus ; Ceylon).

— Fauvel, 1903: 159 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius variety inquinatus ).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 59 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius variety inquinatus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; synonym of punctus ).

— Tottenham, 1953: 143 ( Philonthus ; characters; distinct from quisquiliarius ).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Philonthus ; Thailand).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 424 ( Philonthus ; characters; Southeast Asia; India; China).

— Coiffait, 1974: 201 ( Philonthus ; characters; India; Cambodia).

— Watanabe, 1989a: 56 ( Philonthus ; Japan).

— Barrion, Litsinger, and Last, 1991: 1078 ( Philonthus ; associated with rice agroecosystem).

— Shibata, 1994a: 106 ( Philonthus ; characters; Taiwan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Taiwan, Japan.

vacans Tottenham, 1953: 145 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Type locality: Penang. Also cited from Siam).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Thailand; Cambodia).

— Last, 1964: 177 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Thailand).

— Coiffait, 1974: 201 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; characters).

— Barrion, Litsinger, and Last, 1991: 1078 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of variipennis ; associated

with rice agroecosystem).

ilus Tottenham, 1953: 145 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Type locality: Philippine Islands: Manila).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Thailand).

— Coiffait, 1974: 201 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; characters).

ledouxi Coiffait, 1979d: 558 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nouristan: route de Djelalabad,

à Kaboul, gorges du Chikari).

— Coiffait, 1983e: 477 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Schillhammer, 1996a: 82 ( Philonthus ; synonym of variipennis ).

arabicus Coiffait, 1981b: 238 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of ledouxi ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Arabie Saoudite: Hofuf, 85 m).

— Schillhammer, 1996a: 82 ( Philonthus ; synonym of variipennis ).

falcozi Coiffait, 1987: 497 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for arabicus Coiffait ).

— Schillhammer, 1996a: 82 ( Philonthus ; synonym of variipennis ).

varipennis Scriba, 1864 , see: Bisnius .

variolosus Sharp, 1871 , see: Cafius .

varipes Mulsant and Rey, 1861: 142 [= 1862: 126] ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Montagnes

du Bourbonnais, de l’Auvergne et de la Provence).

— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fulvipes ).

— Fauvel, 1874: 259 [= 1874a: 485] ( Philonthus ; synonym of fulvipes ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 457 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fulvipes ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 339 ( Philonthus ; variety of fulvipes ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1343 ( Philonthus ; variety of fulvipes ).

— Smetana, 1955: 210 ( Philonthus ; variety of fulvipes ; notes).

— Smetana, 1966b: 47 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; characters; England).

— Coiffait, 1974: 92 ( Paragabrius ; variety of fulvipes ).

— Pope, 1977: 30 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Hodge and Jones, 1995: 40 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

- DISTRIBUTION: France, England.

varius Gyllenhal, 1810 , see: carbonarius Gravenhorst, 1802 .

varro Smetana, 1995e: 293 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Quebec: Hwy. 148, 15 km E. Lachute. Also cited from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,

New Hampshire, New York).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

vegetus Last, 1968: 363 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Okapa).

— Last 1981: 120 ( Philonthus ; characters; New Guinea).

— Last, 1987: 32 ( Philonthus ; Papua New Guinea).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

velatipennis Solsky, 1870: 461 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: environs de la ville d’Astrakhan).

— Solsky, 1874: 183 ( Philonthus ; characters; Turkestan).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1367 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 432 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia; Caucasus; Turkestan).

— Jarrige, 1971: 494 ( Philonthus ; Iran).

— Coiffait, 1974: 210 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia; Turkestan; Transcaspian region; Persia).

— Petrenko, 1980: 82 ( Philonthus ; Caucasus).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Turkey, Iran, “Turkestan”.

tectipennis Coiffait, 1967a: 432 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; variety of velatipennis ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Article 15.2)]).

— Coiffait, 1974: 210 ( Philonthus ; variety of velatipennis ; [Note: Cited as a new variety but is still a nomen nudum]; characters; Type locality cited as Turkestan: Tschimagad).

extensus Korge, 1971a: 7 ( Philonthus ; aberration of velatipennis ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5)]; cited from Kleinasien: Igdir nördlich des Ararat).

ventralis Gravenhorst, 1802: 174 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Lusitania; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Latreille, 1804: 324 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Portugal).

— Gravenhorst, 1806: 60 ( Staphylinus ).

— Gyllenhal, 1810: 334 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Sweden).

— C. Sahlberg, 1830: 325 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Finland).

— Mannerheim, 1830: 29 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).

— Mannerheim, 1831: 443 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).

— Stephens, 1832: 219 ( Quedius ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 cited fulvipes Stephens (1832: 219) as a synonym of ventralis Gravenhorst ; Stephens did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Fabricius]; characters; England).

— Stephens, 1832: 237 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Ménétriés, 1832: 146 ( Staphylinus ; Caucasus-Persia region).

— Lacordaire, 1835: 407 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Nordmann, 1837: 93 ( Philonthus ; Sweden; Germany; Russia).

— Erichson, 1839a: 468 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Heer, 1839: 267 ( Philonthus ; characters; Switzerland).

— Stephens, 1839: 397 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Erichson, 1840: 473 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; America septentrionalis; St. Vincent).

— Kolenati, 1846: 20 ( Philonthus ; Tanain; trans Caucasum).

— Jacobsen, 1849: 699 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Hochhuth, 1849: 142 ( Philonthus ; characters; Tiflis).

— Redtenbacher, 1849: 705 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Küster, 1854: 11 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).

— Hardy, 1851: 30 ( Philonthus ; notes; England).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 523 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 605 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Redtenbacher, 1857: 195 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Kraatz, 1858a: 61 ( Philonthus ; Greece).

— Peyron, 1858: 425 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).

— Thomson, 1860: 160 ( Philonthus ; characters; Scandinavia).

— Hochhuth, 1862: 61 ( Philonthus ; Russia).

— Wollaston, 1867: 238 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Cape Verde Islands).

— Solsky, 1872: 303 ( Philonthus ; Cayenne).

— Fauvel, 1874: 227 [= 1874a: 453] ( Philonthus ; characters; France; Algeria; Cyprus; Turkey; Caucasus; Transcausia; Siberia; Madeira, Canary, and Cape Verde Islands; North America; Antilles; Guyana).

— Redtenbacher, 1874: 214 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Seidlitz, 1875: 276 ( Philonthus ; characters; Baltic region).

— Fauvel, 1876a: 73 [= 1876: 258] ( Philonthus ; Tunisia; Azores; Cuba).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 481 [= 1877: 337] ( Philonthus ; characters; larval characters; France).

— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 18 ( Philonthus ; Finland).

— Provancher, 1877: 250 ( Philonthus ; characters; Quebec).

— Fauvel, 1878: 123 [= 1878a: 43] ( Philonthus ; Algeria; Tunisia).

— Horn, 1884: 211 ( Philonthus ; characters; Michigan; Missouri; Nevada).

— Fauvel, 1886: 54 [= 1886a: 46] ( Philonthus ; Morocco; Tunisia; Algeria).

— Blackburn, 1888b: 48 ( Philonthus ; Australia).

— Fowler, 1888: 274 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; Guadeloupe Island).

— Fauvel, 1889b: 265 ( Philonthus ; New Caledonia).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 455 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palaearctic region; North and South America).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 109 ( Philonthus ; Barbary; Egypt; Azores; Madeira; Canaries).

— Fauvel, 1903d: 270 ( Philonthus ; New Caledonia).

— Fauvel, 1903e: 241 ( Philonthus ; Cameroon; Subcosmopolitan).

— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 96 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).

— Ramos, 1946: 33 ( Philonthus ; Mona Island, West Indies).

— Reitter, 1909: 129 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Blatchley, 1910: 388 ( Philonthus ; characters; Indiana).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Johansen, 1914: 410 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Lea, 1925: 220 ( Philonthus ; Australian introduction).

— Rambousek, 1922: 1010 ( Philonthus ; Ethiopia).

— Bernhauer, 1928: 16 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).

— Portevin, 1929: 362 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1367 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1933d: 387 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Bernhauer, 1942c: 361 ( Philonthus ; Cameroon).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; characters; Cuba; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico; Culebra Island; St. Thomas; St. Croix; St. Kitts; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; St. Lucia; Barbados; St. Vincent; Grenada; Tobago; Trinidad).

— Blackwelder, 1947: 123 ( Philonthus ; Cayman Islands).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 74 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Tottenham, 1956: 226 ( Philonthus ; Ruanda).

— Scheerpeltz, 1956c: 1101 ( Philonthus ; Cyprus).

— Smetana, 1958: 211 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 161, 166 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Tottenham, 1961: 204 ( Philonthus ; Senegal).

— Smetana, 1963b: 36 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Madeira).

— Palm, 1963b: 91 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 184 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Horion, 1965: 166 ( Philonthus ; widespread in southern and central Europe, sporadic in northern Europe).

— Levasseur, 1966a: 1213 ( Philonthus ; Congo).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 422 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Levasseur, 1968a: 53 ( Philonthus ; Central African Republic).

— Szujecki, 1969a: 256 ( Philonthus ; notes; Poland).

— Scheerpeltz, 1971c: 170 ( Philonthus ; Cameroon).

— Moore and Legner, 1974: 39 ( Philonthus ; spread by commerce).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Britain; Scandinavia; north Africa).

— Pope, 1977: 30 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Smetana, 1978: 117 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Israel).

— Frank, 1982: 44 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Frank, 1984: 479 ( Philonthus ; notes; characters; Haiti; Costa Rica; Florida).

— Tóth, 1984: 73 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Welch, 1993: 228 ( Philonthus ; ovariole number and ovary structure).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation; characters; Ontario; Quebec; Arizona; California; Florida; Illinois; Iowa; Kansas; Maryland; Massachusetts; Nevada; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; North Carolina; Pennsylvania; South Carolina; Tennessee; Texas; Washington; West Virginia) .

— Hu and Frank, 1995b: 585 ( Philonthus ; surface structure of eggs).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 381 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).

— Hu and Frank, 1997 ( Philonthus ; predation of eggs and larvae of Haematobia irritans ; Florida).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan.

anthrax Gravenhorst, 1802: 176 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: America septentr.; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Gravenhorst, 1806: 67 ( Staphylinus ).

— Nordmann, 1837: 97 ( Philonthus ; America septentrionalis).

— Erichson, 1840: 473 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Kolenati, 1846: 20 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Küster, 1854: 11 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 605 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 455 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation; synonym of ventralis ).

immundus Gravenhorst, 1806: 66 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Parisiae).

— Erichson, 1839a: 468 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Erichson, 1840: 473 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Kolenati, 1846: 20 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Küster, 1854: 11 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 605 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 18 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 455 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

celer Gravenhorst, 1806: 66 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Parisiae).

— Heer, 1839: 266 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334 attributed celer to Heer as a synonym of debilis but Heer did not describe the species as new, he attributed it

to Gravenhorst]; characters).

— Nordmann, 1837: 94 ( Philonthus ; France; Germany).

— Erichson, 1840: 480 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 596 ( Philonthus ).

— Fauvel, 1874: 227 [= 1874a: 453] ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 453 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

picicollis Stephens, 1832: 224 ( Quedius ; Type locality: Norfolk; Suffolk; Devonshire ).

— Stephens, 1839: 392 ( Quedius ; characters; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 212 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

simplex Stephens, 1833: 248 ( Bisnius ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Devonshire).

— Stephens, 1839: 399 ( Bisnius ; characters; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

fuscicornis Stephens, 1833: 248 ( Bisnius ; Type locality: Suffolk).

— Stephens, 1839: 399 ( Bisnius ; characters; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

fulvipes Stephens, 1833: 249 ( Bisnius ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: London).

— Stephens, 1839: 399 ( Bisnius ; characters; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 212 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

rotundiceps Stephens, 1833: 248 ( Bisnius ; Type locality: Norfolk; Suffolk).

— Stephens, 1839: 399 ( Bisnius ; characters; England).

— Hardy, 1851: 28 ( Philonthus ; notes; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 212 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

proximus Wollaston, 1857: 189 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madeira: near Funchal; Gorgulho; Praya Formoza. Porto Santo ).

— Wollaston, 1864: 573 ( Philonthus ; characters; Canary Islands).

— Wollaston, 1865: 493 ( Philonthus ; habitat; notes; Madeira Islands; Canary Islands).

— Crotch, 1867a: 383 ( Philonthus ; Azores).

— Wollaston, 1867: 238 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Wollaston, 1867: 279 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fauvel, 1869a: 151 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Wollaston, 1871: 303 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 109 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; variety of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer, 1940c: 4 ( Philonthus ; variety of ventralis ; Azores).

— Méquignon, 1942a: 21 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of ventralis ; Azores).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Borges, 1990: Table II ( Philonthus ; subspecies of ventralis ; Azores).

fortunatus Wollaston, 1865: 493 ( Philonthus ; variety of proximus ; Type locality: Teneriffe).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; variety of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

venustulus Last, 1968 , see: Hesperus .

venustus Last, 1968 , see: Hesperus .

veronikae Hromádka, 1992: 101 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nepal, Khudi ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

versicolor Cameron, 1919 , see: eustilbus Kraatz, 1859 .

versutus Horn, 1884 , see: Bisnius .

verticalis Tottenham, 1956: 287 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ruanda: Rutovu, forêt du Rugege,

2350 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Rwanda.

vertumnus Herman, 2001: 48 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for planus Last ).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

planus Last, 1987: 27 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Papua New Guinea:

Gazelle Peninsula, Upper Warangoi, 1250 m).

— Herman, 2001: 48 ( Philonthus ; synonym of vertumnus ).

vestigator Tottenham, 1955: 162 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Type locality: Kenya:

Ngonga Hills).

— Tottenham, 1962: 140 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Tanganyika).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Tanzania.

vestitus Sharp, 1874 , see: Cafius .

vesubiensis Coiffait, 1967a: 447 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Kenonthus ; Type locality: Balme

de la Frema, 2400 m, Alpes Maritimes).

— Jarrige, 1968b: 74 ( Philonthus ; France).

— Coiffait, 1974: 300 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Kenonthus ; characters; Alps).

- DISTRIBUTION: France.

veteratorius Broun, 1880: 112 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Whangarei Harbour).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Zealand.

vicinus Cameron, 1932 , see: Gabrius .

vicinus Cameron, 1933 , see: renominatus Cameron, 1937 .

victoriensis Lea, 1925: 224 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Victoria: Melbourne ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1367 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Australia.

viduus Erichson, 1840 , see: Styngetus .

viduus Cameron, 1933 , see: Gabrius .

viettei Jarrige, 1970: 50 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madagascar: Mt. Tsaratanana , matsabory

en dessous de l’Andohanisambirano, 2050 m).

— Lecoq, 1998: 67 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Piezarthrus ; characters; Madagascar).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

vilis Erichson, 1840 , see: hepaticus Erichson, 1840 .

villiersi Bernhauer, 1942c: 362 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mont Cameroun, 1800–2000 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon.

— Poppius, 1909: 26 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gefyrobius ; Lena Valley, Siberia).

— Reitter, 1909: 130 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Johansen, 1914: 412 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Portevin, 1929: 364 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1367 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Jarrige, 1951a: 7 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1963: 12 ( Paragabrius ).

— Focarile, 1964: 59 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Coiffait, 1973a: 274 ( Paragabrius ; Morocco).

— Coiffait, 1974: 95 ( Paragabrius ; characters; Portugal; Morocco).

— Shilov, 1975a: 376 [= 1975b: 98] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).

— Tóth, 1984: 76 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Maachi, 1991: 251 ( Paragabrius ; Morocco).

— Outerelo, Gamarra, and Salgado, 1998:129 ( Paragabrius ; subgenus Paragabrius ; collected from cave; Spain; Portugal).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Europe.

viridanus Horn, 1884 , see: gracilior Casey, 1915 .

viridanus Nordmann, 1837 , see: laminatus Creutzer, 1799 .

viridiniger Bernhauer, 1916c: 30 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: West-Columbien: Umgebung

von Cali im Caucatale).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Colombia.

viridipennis Fauvel, 1875a : XXX [= 1875b: 232] ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Syrie, Tibériade , Bahr-el-Houleh).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 361 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 425 ( Philonthus ; characters; Syria; Lebanon; Palestine; Caucasus; central Europe; [Note: The last two regions cited referred to P. oebalus Tottenham which Coiffait listed as a junior synonym of P. viridipennis ]).

— Coiffait, 1974: 202 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palestine; Syria; Caucasus; Europe; [Note: The last two regions cited referred to P. oebalus Tottenham which Coiffait listed as a junior synonym of P. viridipennis ]).

— Tóth, 1984: 74 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

- DISTRIBUTION: Syria, Lebanon, Israel.

viridovix Smetana, 1995e: 397 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Arkansas: Newton Co.:

Buffalo NR, Leatherwood Cr. Also cited from Illinois).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

virilis Horn, 1884 , see: Gabrius .

visokeanus Cameron, 1950 , see: Gabrius .

vitochensis Coiffait, 1974 , see: frigidus Märkel and Kiesenwetter, 1848 .

vittatus Roth, 1851 , see: natalensis Boheman, 1848 .

vittiger Fauvel, 1907: 40 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Escarpment).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 361 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1962: 136 ( Philonthus ; Tanganyika).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Tanzania.

pseudovittiger Bernhauer, 1939a: 85 ( Philonthus ; variety of vittiger ; Type locality: Kenya: Mt. Elgon, Osthang, Suam fishing hut, 2400 m).

vividus Broun, 1880 , see: Quedius .

vividus Cameron, 1931: 360 ( Hesperus ; [Note: The name is a secondary homonym in Philonthus ; Cameron, 1937a: 101 stated that in his original description, because of a

wittei Bernhauer, 1932b: 149 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Katanga: Kansenia ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

wittmeri Coiffait, 1977b: 225 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bhutan: Kotoka-Gogona , 2600– 3400 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Bhutan.

wittmeri Coiffait, 1982 , see: Anisolinus .

wohlgrothi R. Dvořák, 1952 [Note: Nomen nudum], see: succicola Thomson, 1860 .

wollastoni Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for punctipennis Wollaston ).

— Tottenham, 1956a: 241 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Levasseur, 1966a: 1214 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of turbidus ; Congo; Cape Verde; Sudan; Somalia; Nigeria; Madagascar).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 431 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; characters; Madeira; Canary Islands; Cape Verde Islands).

— Coiffait, 1973a: 274 ( Philonthus ; Morocco).

— Coiffait, 1974: 207 ( Philonthus ; characters; Cape Verde Islands; Canary Islands; Madeira; intertropical Africa).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 21 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sudan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madeira, Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands, Morocco, Algeria, Nigeria, Sudan, Congo, Somalia, Madagascar.

punctipennis Wollaston, 1857: 192 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Preoccupied secondary homonym when punctipennis Solier was in Philonthus ]; Type locality: Madeira: Santa Cruz).

— Wollaston, 1864: 575 ( Philonthus ; characters; Canary Islands).

— Wollaston, 1865: 495 ( Philonthus ; habitat; Madeira Islands; Canary Islands).

— Wollaston, 1867: 240 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Wollaston, 1871: 303 ( Philonthus ; notes; synonym of turbidus ).

— Fauvel, 1875a: XXXI [= 1875b: 233] ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Gridelli, 1930a: 92 ( Philonthus ; [Note: According to Tottenham (1956a: 243) Gridelli’s identification of punctipennis may have been erroneous and it may have been tumulinus ]; characters; Cape Verde).

— Peyerimhoff, 1931: 32 ( Philonthus ; Algeria).

— Cameron, 1932: 141 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Tottenham, 1956a: 241 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 207 ( Philonthus ; synonym of wollastoni ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 21 ( Philonthus ; synonym of wollastoni ).

woodburnensis Hatch, 1957 , see: spiniformis Hatch, 1957 .

wuesthoffi Bernhauer, 1939d: 98 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Japan: Yokkaichi , Meeresstrand. Also cited from Korea and China).

— Wüsthoff, 1937a: 347 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus; Manchuria).

— Watanabe, 1992 ( Philonthus ; Okushiri-tô Island).

— Watanabe and Shibata, 1972: 64 ( Philonthus ; Yaku-shima Island).

— Frank, 1982: 44 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Yuh, Paik, Kwon, and Lee, 1985: 242 ( Philonthus ; Korea).

— J. Li, 1993: 33 ( Philonthus ; China).

— Watanabe, 1998: 313 ( Philonthus ; Japan).

— Schillhammer, 1999a: 62 ( Philonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Russia, China, Korea.

duplicatus Tikhomirova, 1973: 167 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality:

Khasanskii raion).

— Schillhammer, 1999a: 62 ( Philonthus ; synonym of wuesthoffi ).

Phucobius

[8 species; Palaearctic, Ethiopian, Oriental, and Oceanic Regions]

Phucobius Sharp, 1874: 35 (species included: simulator ). TYPE SPECIES: Phucobius simulator Sharp , fixed by monotypy.

— Duvivier, 1883: 144 (catalog).

— Sharp, 1889: 108 (notes; valid genus).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 (world catalog; 3 species).

— Winkler, 1925: 381 (catalog for Palaearctic region).

— Cameron, 1925: 65 (catalog of Indian species).

— Cameron, 1932: 178 (characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 (world catalog supplement).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 307 (type species: simulator ).

— Tikhomirova, 1973a: 186 (checklist of species of USSR).

— Shibata, 1984: 80 (checklist of species of Japan).

— Moore and Legner, 1976: 541 (includes seashore species; notes).

— Shibata, 1986a: 124 (supplemental list of species from Taiwan).

— Kanehisa, Tsumuki, and Kawazu, 1994 (chemical secretions).

— Smetana, 1995e: 50 (characters).

— Hayashi, 2000: 23 (notes on empodial setae).

africanus Bernhauer, 1937b: 617 ( Phucobius ; Type locality: W. Usambara: Kwarukussu,

1600 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

congruus Walker, 1858: 205 ( Ocypus ; Type locality: Ceylon).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1919b: 207 ( Phucobius ; notes; Ceylon).

— Cameron, 1932: 178 ( Phucobius ; characters; Ceylon).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sri Lanka.

punctilinea Walker, 1858: 205 ( Ocypus ; Type locality: Ceylon).

— Fauvel, 1902a: 41 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 178 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

horni Bernhauer, 1902b: 28 ( Cafius ; Type locality: Weligama).

— Fauvel, 1902a: 41 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 178 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

cupreipennis Cameron, 1918: 89 ( Orthidus ; Type locality: Singapore: Pasir Panjang ).

— Cameron, 1921a: 378, 405 ( Orthidus ; characters; Singapore).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Orthidus ; catalog).

— Watanabe and Shibata, 1976: 333 ( Phucobius ; Malaysia).

- DISTRIBUTION: Singapore, Malaysia.

densipennis Bernhauer, 1931c: 131 ( Phucobius ; Type locality: Riu-Kiu-Inseln: Kagoshima). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

— Ikudome and Hayakawa, 1994: 187 ( Phucobius ; cattle dung collections; Ryukyu Islands).

— Watanabe, 1998a: 140 ( Phucobius ; Japan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

horni Bernhauer, 1902 , see: congruus Walker, 1859 .

pectoralis Boheman, 1858: 31 ( Quedius ; Type locality: China).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1932c: 235 ( Phucobius ; notes).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

punctilinea Walker, 1858 , see: congruus Walker, 1858 .

Pterygolaetus

[1 species; Neotropical Region]

Pterygolaetus Bierig, 1937: 194 (species included: williamsi ). TYPE SPECIES: Pterygolaetus williamsi Bierig , fixed by original designation and monotypy.

— Blackwelder, 1944: 136 (checklist of species from Mexico, Central and South America, and

the West Indies).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 332 (type species: williamsi ).

williamsi Bierig, 1937: 196 ( Pterygolaetus ; Type locality: Ecuador: Banos Or., 2700–3300 m). - DISTRIBUTION: Ecuador.

Quediosoma

[1 species; Oriental Region]

Quediosoma Cameron, 1926b: 366 (species included: termitophaga ). TYPE SPECIES: Quediosoma termitophaga Cameron , fixed by original designation and monotypy.

— Cameron, 1932: 256 (characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1411 (world catalog supplement).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 335 (type species: termitophaga ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965: 278 (characters; type species: sericoilium = termitophagum).

sericoilium Cameron, 1920: 216 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nilgiri Hills).

— Cameron, 1932: 257 ( Quediosoma ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1411 ( Quediosoma ; catalog).

— Seevers, 1957: 318 ( Quediosoma ; doubtfully termitophilous).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

termitophaga Cameron, 1926b: 367 ( Quediosoma ; Type locality: Dehra Dun).

— Cameron, 1932: 257 ( Quediosoma ; synonym of sericoilius ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1411 ( Quediosoma ; synonym of sericoilium).

termitophaga Cameron, 1926 , see: sericoilium Cameron, 1920.

Rabigus

[19 species; Nearctic, Palaearctic and Oriental Regions]

Rabigus Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 523 [= 1877: 379] (species included: tenuis , pullus ). TYPE SPECIES: Philonthus pullus Nordmann , fixed by subsequent designation by Tottenham, 1939d: 229.

— Seidlitz, 1891: 389 (key to some European species).

— Seidlitz, 1891a: 414 (key to some European species).

— Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1891: 104 (list of species of Europe and Caucasus).

— Heyden, 1893: 43 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Siberian region).

— Heyden, 1896: 33 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Siberian region).

— Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1906: 168 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Europe

and Caucasus).

— Reitter, 1909: 124 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 326 (subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 62 (subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1330 (subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Tottenham, 1939d: 229 (type species designation: pullus ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 399 (subgenus of Philonthus ; type species: pullus ).

— Tottenham, 1949: 372,419 (type species: pullus Nordmann ; subgenus of Philonthus ; checklist of British species).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 336 (type species).

— Smetana, 1958: 143, 227 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters; type species).

— Smetana, 1959: 172 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1963: 7, 18 (characters).

— Lohse, 1964: 186 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters; key to central European species).

— Coiffait, 1974: 99 (characters; key to species of western Palaearctic region).

— Shibata, 1983: 126 (checklist of species of Japan).

— Tóth, 1984: 79 (characters; habitus; key to species of Hungary).

— Segers, 1986: 43 (checklist of species; Belgium).

— Drugmand 1987b (comments on distribution of Belgian species).

— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 168 (valid genus).

— Silfverberg, 1992: 16 (list of species of Fennoscandia, Denmark, and the Baltic States).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 (list of species of Czech Republic and Slovakia).

— Smetana, 1995e: 32, 471 (characters; North American species; notes).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 (list of species of Italy).

— Newton, Thayer, Ashe, and Chandler, 2000: 397 (1 Nearctic species; notes; characters in key). abauriae Gridelli, 1924e: 177 , 180 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; Type locality: Persia settentrionale).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1965f: 257 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; Caucasus; Persia).

— Coiffait, 1974: 107 ( Rabigus ; characters; Persia; Armenia).

— Raitschev, 1997a: 100 ( Rabigus ; notes; Bulgaria).

- DISTRIBUTION: Iran, Armenia.

alienus Eppelsheim, 1889a: 178 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; Type locality: Kan-ssu).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 328 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1924e: 181 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1974: 109 ( Rabigus ; characters; Mongolia; China).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, China.

auropilosus Luze, 1912 , see: princeps Bernhauer, 1902 .

basipilosus Schubert, 1908: 621 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kulu, Himalaya, ca. 2000 m).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1932: 140 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1934: 76 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; characters; Karakoram region).

— Coiffait, 1979d: 552 ( Rabigus ; Afghanistan).

— Coiffait, 1981e: 349 ( Rabigus ; Baltistan).

— Coiffait, 1983e: 477 ( Rabigus ; Afghanistan).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Pakistan, Afghanistan.

brunnicollis Hochhuth, 1851 , see: tenuis Fabricius, 1793 .

convergens Casey, 1915 , see: laxellus Casey, 1915 .

dimidiatus Panzer, 1795 , see: tenuis Fabricius, 1793 .

escurialensis Perez, 1865: 12 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: los montes del Escorial antes de llegar á la cumbre).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1341 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1920a: 17 ( Philonthus ; characters; Portugal; Spain).

— Coiffait, 1974: 102 ( Rabigus ; characters; Spain; Portugal).

- DISTRIBUTION: Spain, Portugal.

formosus Motschulsky, 1860: 567 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Daghestan Caucasien ).

— Hochhuth, 1862: 63 ( Philonthus ; characters; Daghestan).

— Solsky, 1871: 160 ( Philonthus ; characters; Uzbekistan; Djisak).

— Solsky, 1874: 182 ( Philonthus ; characters; Turkestan).

— Eppelsheim, 1892: 334 ( Philonthus ; Uzbekistan).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 338 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1924e: 179 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1963: 13 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Coiffait, 1974: 108 ( Rabigus ; characters; Daghestan; Caucasus).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Caucasus, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan.