Philonthus tucumanensis, Bernhauer, 1934

Taphylininae, Iochini, Aorothiini, Thiini, Latyprosopini, Taphylinini, Mblyopinina, Nisolinina, Yptiomina, Hilonthina & Herman, Lee H., 2001, Staphylininae: Diochini, Maorothiini, Othiini, Platyprosopini, Staphylinini (Amblyopinina, Anisolinina, Hyptiomina, Philonthina), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2441 (265), pp. 2435-3021 : 2983-2992

tucumanensis Bernhauer, 1934 , see: argus Herman, 2001 .

tukchensis Coiffait, 1982: 67 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nepal: Thakkhola , Tukche, Thaksang, 3100–3300).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

tumulinus Tottenham, 1955: 172 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Transvaal: Pretoria).

— Tottenham, 1956a: 243 ( Philonthus ; characters; Transvaal; Cape Colony).

— Tottenham, 1961: 204 ( Philonthus ; Senegal).

— Lecoq, 1990: 202 ( Philonthus ; Mascarene Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Senegal, South Africa, Mascarene Islands.

turbatus Erichson, 1840: 466 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sardinia).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 596 ( Philonthus ).

— Fauvel, 1874: 234 [= 1874a: 459] ( Philonthus ; synonym of corruscus ).

— Fauvel, 1886: 54 [= 1886a: 46] ( Philonthus ; Algeria).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 109 ( Philonthus ; Algeria; Tunisia; Egypt).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1365 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 422 ( Philonthus ; characters; North Africa; Sardinia; Egypt).

— Coiffait, 1974: 262 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sardinia; North Africa ) .

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

- DISTRIBUTION: Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Italy.

erythropterus Fauvel, 1872b: 35 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Oran).

— Fauvel, 1874: 225 [= 1874a: 451] ( Philonthus ; characters; Algeria).

— Fauvel, 1878: 122 [= 1878a: 42] ( Philonthus ; Algeria).

— Fauvel, 1886: 54 [= 1886a: 46] ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbatus ).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 109 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbatus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbatus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 262 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbatus ).

turbidus Erichson, 1840: 484 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madagascar; [ Note : See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Cocquerel, 1866: 316 ( Philonthus ; characters; Réunion; Madagascar).

— Fauvel, 1867b: 66 [= 1868a: 70] ( Philonthus ; characters; Réunion; Madagascar).

— Wollaston, 1867: 240 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Cape Verde Islands).

— Fauvel, 1878: 124 [= 1878a: 44] ( Philonthus ; Egypt).

— Blackburn and Sharp, 1885: 222 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

— Fauvel, 1886: 55 [= 1886a: 47] ( Philonthus ; Morocco; Egypt).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; Morocco; Egypt; Madeira; Canaries).

— Peyerimhoff, 1907: 14 ( Philonthus ; Sinai).

— Sharp, 1908: 548 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1915n: 319 ( Philonthus ; German Southwest Africa).

— Gridelli, 1930a: 88 ( Philonthus ; characters; Eritrea, Cape Verde).

— Cameron, 1932: 141 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1365 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Bernhauer and Chapman, 1939: 71 ( Philonthus ; Ethiopia).

— Tottenham, 1949b: 354 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Tottenham, 1956a: 238 ( Philonthus ; characters; Madagascar; Cape Verde Archipelago; Canary Islands; Madeira; Gaboon; Anglo-Egyptian Sudan; British and Italian Somaliland; Tanganyika; Mozambique; Natal; Cape Colony; Hawaii).

— Tottenham, 1961: 204 ( Philonthus ; Senegal).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961g: 238 ( Philonthus ; Madagascar).

— Outerelo, Aranda, and Gamarra, 1992 ( Philonthus ; male and female genitalia; general distribution; Spain).

— Scheerpeltz, 1963b: 429 ( Philonthus ; Egypt).

— Coiffait, 1966b: 338 ( Philonthus ; Hoggar).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 431 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia; Syria; Egypt; Erythrea; Hoggar;

Cape Verde Islands).

— Coiffait, 1974: 213 ( Philonthus ; characters; Madagascar; Egypt; Sahara; Morocco;

Cape Verde Islands; Syria; Russia).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974: 143 ( Philonthus ; South West Africa; South Africa).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 21 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia).

— Moore, 1975c: 106 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

— Jarrige, 1978: 289 ( Philonthus ; Madagascar).

— Hoebeke, 1978: 508 ( Philonthus ; parasitized by proctotrupid).

— Coiffait, 1979a: 162 ( Philonthus ; Saudi Arabia).

— Coiffait, 1981b: 236 ( Philonthus ; Saudi Arabia).

— Frank, 1982: 44 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Coiffait, 1986: 393 ( Philonthus ; Saudi Arabia).

— Lecoq, 1990: 200 ( Philonthus ; notes; Mascarene Islands).

— Maachi, 1991: 251 ( Philonthus ; Morocco).

— Nishida, 1994: 73 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Smetana, 1995e: 442 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation; characters; notes; California) .

— Gusarov, 1997: 286 ( Philonthus ; Saudi Arabia).

— Nishida, 1997: 62 ( Philonthus ; Hawaii).

- DISTRIBUTION: Réunion, Madagascar, Mozambique, South Africa, Namibia, Gabon, Tanzania, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Morocco, Senegal, Cape Verde Islands, Canary Islands, Madeira, Spain, Russia, Syria, India, Hawaii, USA.

pharao Saulcy, 1864: 639 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Le Caire).

— Fauvel, 1875a: XXXI [= 1875b: 233] ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 141 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Tottenham, 1956a: 237 ( Philonthus ; probably synonym of turbidus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 213 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 21 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 442 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

rubiginosus Solsky, 1867: 30 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Egypte).

— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Fauvel, 1875a: XXXI [= 1875b: 233] ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Fauvel, 1878: 124 [= 1878a: 44] ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 141 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Tottenham, 1956a: 237 ( Philonthus ; probably synonym of turbidus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 213 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 21 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 442 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

turbo Smetana, 1995e: 276 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Alberta: Upper Waterfowl Lk. ,

Banff N. P., 5700 ft.).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada.

turcmenus Fauvel, 1900 , see: Gabrius .

turneri Cameron, 1951 , see: Gabrius .

turneri Tottenham, 1949 , see: Gabronthus .

ubadilius Tottenham, 1956: 280 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Urundi: Bururi, 2100 m).

— Tottenham, 1962: 176 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Burundi.

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Bernhauer, 1940c: 4 ( Philonthus ; Azores).

— Méquignon, 1942a: 21 ( Philonthus ; Azores).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 60 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Hatch, 1957: 195 ( Philonthus ; characters; British Columbia; Washington; Oregon).

— Smetana, 1958: 209 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 151 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 129 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Palm, 1963b: 77 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 179 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965b: 402 ( Philonthus ; Sicily).

— Smetana, 1965: 18 ( Philonthus ; notes; Nova Scotia).

— Horion, 1965: 146 ( Philonthus ; all Europe).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 403 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Siberia; Madeira; Canary Islands).

— Raianu, 1968a: 467 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Szujecki, 1968a: 731 ( Philonthus ; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1974: 272 ( Philonthus ; characters; Holarctic).

— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 297 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Frank, 1982: 44 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Boller, 1983: 118 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Tóth, 1984: 57 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 104 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Borges, 1990: Table II ( Philonthus ; Azores) .

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 57 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Smetana, 1995e: 169 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Alberta; British Columbia; Manitoba;

New Brunswick; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Prince Edward Island; Quebec; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Kentucky; Maine; Massachusetts; Michigan; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; Ohio; Oregon; Pennsylvania; Utah; Washington; Wisconsin).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 376 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).

— Owen, 1997a: 149 ( Philonthus ; collecting sites; Ireland).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tunisia, Canary Islands, Madeira, Azores, Europe, Russia, Caucasus, Canada, USA.

subfuscus Gyllenhal, 1810: 326 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Suecia) .

— C. Sahlberg, 1830: 323 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Finland).

— Mannerheim, 1830: 29 ( Staphylinus ; Finland).

— Mannerheim, 1831: 443 ( Staphylinus ; Finland).

— Stephens, 1832: 233 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Runde, 1835: 8 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Germany).

— Lacordaire, 1835: 395 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Nordmann, 1837: 84 ( Philonthus ; Germany; Sweden; France).

— Erichson, 1839a: 454 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Heer, 1839: 261 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Stephens, 1839: 396 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Erichson, 1840: 445 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Kolenati, 1846: 20 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Redtenbacher, 1849: 824 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Hardy, 1851: 27 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Wollaston, 1854: 581 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 519 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 583 ( Philonthus ; synonymn of umbratilis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 450 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 209 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 273 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Boháč, 1988: 551 [= 1989: 34] ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 169 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbratilis ).

umbratus Sharp, 1885: 424 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexico, Las Vigas ; Guatemala,

Paso Antonio; Panama, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 6000 feet, Peña Blanca 3000 to 4000 feet ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, Guatemala, Panama.

umbrinoides Smetana, 1995e: 268 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Quebec: Parc Gatineau ,

Lac Borugeois. Also cited from Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, West Virginia, Wisconsin).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

umbrinus Gravenhorst, 1802: 169 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: America septentr.).

— Gravenhorst, 1806: 69 ( Staphylinus ).

— Erichson, 1840: 464 ( Philonthus ; characters; America septentrionalis).

— Horn, 1884: 191 ( Philonthus ; characters; New York to South Carolina).

— Blatchley, 1910: 382 ( Philonthus ; characters; Indiana).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1965: 18 ( Philonthus ; characters; Nova Scotia).

— Smetana, 1995e: 113 ( Philonthus ; characters; Ontario; Alabama; Arkansas; Georgia; Illinois; Indiana; Kansas; Kentucky; Louisiana; Maryland; Massachusetts; Mississippi; Missouri; New Jersey; New York; North Carolina; Oklahoma; Pennsylvania; South Carolina; Tennessee; West Virginia; Virginia).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 378 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada; USA.

moestus Gravenhorst, 1806: 47 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: America septentr.).

— Nordmann, 1837: 97 ( Philonthus ; America borealis).

— Erichson, 1840: 464 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbrinus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbrinus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 113 ( Philonthus ; synonym of umbrinus ).

umbripennis LeConte, 1863 , see: Neobisnius .

undae Penecke, 1901 , see: rufipes Stephens, 1832 .

unguicularis Tottenham, 1949b: 323 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Equateur: Flandria ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

unicolor Stephens, 1832 , see: varians Paykull, 1789 .

unicolor Seidlitz, 1875 , see: sanguinolentus Gravenhorst, 1802 .

unicolor Leinberg, 1902 , see: caucasicus Nordmann, 1837 .

uniformis Cameron, 1937: 11 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Java: G. Tangkoeban Prahoe,

alt. 4000–5000 ft).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.

uniformis Last, 1981 [Note: Nomen nudum], see: dignus Last, 1968 .

unzenensis Bernhauer, 1939 , see: Gabrius .

upotovus Tottenham, 1962 [Note: Nomen nudum], see: praetor Tottenham, 1949 .

upuzius Tottenham, 1962: 215 , 216, 221, 222, 226 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Not cited, presumably Africa ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Africa.

uralensis Reitter, 1909 , see: ephippium Nordmann, 1837 .

usagarae Bernhauer, 1937b: 613 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: N. W. Usagara, 1700–1900 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

usambaricus Bernhauer, 1937b: 612 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: W. Usambara).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

ussuriensis Coiffait, 1974 , see: virgatus Sharp, 1889 .

ustipennis Fauvel, 1907 , see: ustus Fauvel, 1907 .

ustulatus Fauvel, 1875a : XXX [= 1875b: 232] ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sibérie, région du Baïkal; Daourie).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1365 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1963c: 295 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Smetana, 1965e: 173 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 422 ( Philonthus ; characters; central Asia).

— Smetana, 1967d: 203 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Coiffait, 1974: 263 ( Philonthus ; characters; Siberia; Mongolia).

— Smetana 1975c: 170 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Shilov, 1976: 149 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Mongolia.

ornatipennis Reitter, 1901b: 158 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Quellgebiet des Irkut ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ustulatus ).

— Smetana, 1967d: 203 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ustulatus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 263 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ustulatus ).

ustus Fauvel, 1907: 43 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mombasa).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1365 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Bernhauer and Chapman, 1939: 67 ( Philonthus ; cited as uxtus; Kenya).

— Bernhauer, 1940b: 635 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Cephalonthus ).

— Cameron, 1950g: 38 ( Philonthus ; Belgian Congo).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo, Kenya, Ethiopia.

ustipennis Fauvel, 1907: 43 ( Philonthus ; variety of ustus ; Type locality: Ethiopie:

Addis Abeba; Cap).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; variety of ustus ).

— Rambousek, 1922: 1010 ( Philonthus ; Ethiopia).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1366 ( Philonthus ; variety of ustus ).

— Tottenham, 1962: 136 ( Philonthus ; Kenya).

vacans Tottenham, 1953 , see: variipennis Kraatz, 1859 .

vadoni Lecoq, 1997: 284 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madagascar Nord , montagne d’Ambre). - DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

vagepunctatus Schubert, 1909: 292 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: südöstliches Mexico,

Gegend von Jalapa, nördlich vom Pic d’Orizaba).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.

vagus Fauvel, 1895: 263 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bírmanie, Carin Asciuii Ghécu , 1400–1500 m; Tenasserim , Thagata; Malacca; Sumatra).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1932: 119 ( Philonthus ; characters; Burma).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1366 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia.

distincticollis Cameron, 1932a: 141 ( Philonthus ; variety of vagus ; Type locality: Selangor: The Gap, Bukit Kutu; Perak: Gunong Kledang).

validus Casey, 1915: 435 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New York; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]. Originally cited from New York: near the city and at “ Cairo ”; Pennsylvania: Harrisburg ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1366 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1995e: 80 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: N.Y. [New York]; characters; Alberta; British Columbia; Manitoba; New Brunswick; Newfoundland; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Quebec; Alaska; Arkansas; Connecticut; Georgia; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kansas; Kentucky; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Michigan; Montana; Nebraska; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; North Carolina; North Dakota; Ohio; Oklahoma; Pennsylvania; South Carolina; Virginia; West Virginia; Wisconsin). — Downie and Arnett, 1996: 380 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA). — Downie and Arnett, 1996: 376 ( Philonthus ; cited as chalceus Stephens [Note: Misidentification; based on work by Tottenham (1937a: 190; 1939d: 232); North America reports may be P. validus based on comments by Smetana, 1995a: 84-85]; characters; USA). — Bain, 1998: 39 ( Philonthus ; 17th century remains; Massachusetts). - DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

vanhoofi Bernhauer, 1935d: 102 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: W. Ruwenzori: Kalonge). — Tottenham, 1956: 226, 278 ( Philonthus ; characters; Ruanda). — Tottenham, 1962: 163 ( Philonthus ; characters). - DISTRIBUTION: Congo, Rwanda.

ruandae Cameron, 1950 g: 37 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ruanda: Ninda, alt. 2150 m). — Tottenham, 1956: 278 ( Philonthus ; synonym of vanhoofi ).

variabilis Eppelsheim, 1892: 333 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Taschkent). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; catalog). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1366 ( Philonthus ; catalog). — Coiffait, 1967a: 401 ( Philonthus ; characters; Turkestan; Transcaspian region). — Coiffait, 1974: 256 ( Philonthus ; characters; Uzbekistan; Turkestan). - DISTRIBUTION: Uzbekistan.

varians Paykull, 1789: 45 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Suecia). — Fabricius, 1793: 524 ( Staphylinus ; characters). — Olivier, 1795:(42): 27 ( Staphylinus ; characters). — Panzer, 1795: 354 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Germany). — Paykull, 1800: 393 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Sweden). — Fabricius, 1801: 594 ( Staphylinus ; characters). — Turton, 1802: 511 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Zealand). — Gravenhorst, 1802: 37 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 cited bipustulatus Gravenhorst as a synonym of varians but Gravenhorst did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Panzer who attributed it to Linné]; characters; varieties). — Latreille, 1804: 309 ( Staphylinus ; characters). — Gravenhorst, 1806: 82 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Germany). — Gyllenhal, 1810: 342 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Sweden). — Zetterstedt, 1828: 77 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Lapland). — Curtis, 1829: 25 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Britain). — C. Sahlberg, 1830: 329 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Finland). — Mannerheim, 1830: 30 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden). — Mannerheim, 1831: 444 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden). — Stephens, 1832: 234 ( Philonthus ; characters; England). — Ménétriés, 1832: 146 ( Staphylinus ; Caucasus-Persia region). — Runde, 1835: 9 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Germany). — Lacordaire, 1835: 394 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France). — Nordmann, 1837: 93 ( Philonthus ; Europe). — Zetterstedt, 1838: 64 ( Staphylinus ; characters; habitat; Lapland). — Heer, 1839: 264 ( Philonthus ; characters; Switzerland). — Heer, 1841: 582 ( Philonthus ; notes). — P. Lucas, 1846: 112 ( Philonthus ; notes; Algeria). — Jacobsen, 1849: 699 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark). — Redtenbacher, 1849: 705 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria). — Hardy, 1851: 29 ( Philonthus ; notes; England). — Wollaston, 1854: 583 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Madeira Islands). — Scriba, 1855: 300 ( Philonthus ; Venezuela).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 524 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Guérin-Méneville, 1857: 39 ( Philonthus ; characters; St. John; St. Vincent; Cuba).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 602 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Redtenbacher, 1857: 195 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Peyron, 1858: 425 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).

— Chevrolat and Fauvel, 1863: 435 ( Philonthus ; characters; Cuba).

— Fauvel, 1874: 255 [= 1874a: 481] ( Philonthus ; characters; France; Cyprus; Syria; Turkey; Caucasus; Siberia).

— Redtenbacher, 1874: 213 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 475 [= 1877: 331] ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Fauvel, 1878: 125 [= 1878a: 45] ( Philonthus ; Morocco; Algeria).

— Horn, 1884: 195 ( Philonthus ; characters; northern portions of Atlantic region west to Washington Territory and California) .

— Fauvel, 1886: 56 [= 1886a: 48] ( Philonthus ; Morocco; Algeria).

— Fowler, 1888: 273 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Eppelsheim, 1892: 334 ( Philonthus ; Turkestan).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 454 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palaearctic region).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 112 ( Philonthus ; Morocco; Algeria).

— Poppius, 1905: 10 ( Philonthus ; Orkney Islands).

— Fauvel, 1907: 45 ( Philonthus ; Kijabe; Naivasha; Nairobi; Escarpment; Abyssinia; Usambara; Natal; Transvaal; Cape).

— Fall and Cockerell, 1907: 166 ( Philonthus ; New Mexico).

— Montandon, 1908: 80 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 99 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).

— Poppius, 1909: 25 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gefyrobius ; Lena Valley, Siberia).

— Reitter, 1909: 130 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Eichelbaum, 1913: 130 ( Philonthus ; Tanzania).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Johansen, 1914: 409 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Eichelbaum, 1915a: 92, 94 ( Philonthus ; abdominal segmentation; apical segements).

— Gridelli, 1920a: 18, 20 ( Philonthus ; characters; Italy).

— Rambousek, 1922: 1009 ( Philonthus ; Ethiopia).

— Šulc, 1922 ( Philonthus ; osmeterium; anatomy; histology; physiology).

— Portevin, 1929: 363 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Cameron, 1932: 131 ( Philonthus ; characters; Burma).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1366 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Paulian, 1941: 225 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; characters; Cuba; St. John; St. Vincent).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 69 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Scheerpeltz, 1956c: 1101 ( Philonthus ; Cyprus).

— Hatch, 1957: 188 ( Philonthus ; characters; British Columbia; Washington; Oregon).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 160 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Palm, 1963b: 87 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 184 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Smetana, 1965: 17 ( Philonthus ; Newfoundland).

— Horion, 1965: 160 ( Philonthus ; all Europe).

— Pototskaia, 1966: 157 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Pototskaia, 1967: 61 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 419 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Raianu, 1968: 114 ( Philonthus ; characters; ecological notes; Romania).

— Raianu, 1968a: 466 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Szujecki, 1968a: 730 ( Philonthus ; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1970e: 62 ( Philonthus ; Cyprus).

— C. Sahlberg, 1830: 328 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Finland).

— Mannerheim, 1830: 30 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).

— Mannerheim, 1831: 444 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).

— Stephens, 1832: 236 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Lacordaire, 1835: 404 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Nordmann, 1837: 98 ( Philonthus ; Sweden; Germany; England).

— Zetterstedt, 1838: 64 ( Staphylinus ; characters; habitat; Lapland).

— Erichson, 1839a: 465 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Heer, 1839: 265 ( Philonthus ; characters; Switzerland).

— Heer, 1841: 583 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— P. Lucas, 1846: 112 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Hardy, 1851: 29 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Wollaston, 1854: 583 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 524 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Guérin-Méneville, 1857: 39 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 602 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Thomson, 1860: 165 ( Philonthus ; characters; Scandinavia).

— Chevrolat and Fauvel, 1863: 435 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Fauvel, 1866a: 345 [= 1866b: 96] ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Seidlitz, 1875: 277 ( Philonthus ; characters; Baltic region).

— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 20 ( Philonthus ; Finland).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 454 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Cameron, 1932: 131 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

aterrimus Marsham, 1802: 513 ( Staphylinus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Britain).

— Gyllenhal, 1810: 341 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of opacus Gravenhorst ).

— Curtis, 1829: 25 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Britain).

— C. Sahlberg, 1830: 328 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of opacus Gravenhorst ).

— Stephens, 1832: 235 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Stephens, 1839: 397 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— P. Lucas, 1846: 112 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Hardy, 1851: 29 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Guérin-Méneville, 1857: 40 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 602 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Chevrolat and Fauvel, 1863: 435 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Fauvel, 1866a: 345 [= 1866b: 96] ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 454 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Cameron, 1932: 131 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

bimaculatus Marsham, 1802: 525 ( Staphylinus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Britain).

— Holme, 1837: 63 ( Philonthus ; Scilly Islands).

— Guérin-Méneville, 1857: 39 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 602 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Chevrolat and Fauvel, 1863: 435 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).