Dryadaula securiformis, Yang & Li, 2021

Yang, Lin-Lin & Li, Hou-Hun, 2021, The genus Dryadaula Meyrick (Lepidoptera, Tineoidea, Dryadaulidae) in China, with descriptions of four new species and a world checklist, ZooKeys 1074, pp. 61-81 : 61

Dryadaula securiformis sp. nov.

Figures 4 , 5-6 , 10 , 11

Type material.

Holotype: China: • ♂; Hainan Province, Mt. Jianfeng (18°44'N, 108°52'E); alt. 787 m; 5.iii.2016; leg. Qingyun Wang. Paratypes: China: • 8♂, 1♀; same data as holotype, except dated 4-8.iii.2016; genitalia slide Nos DNAYLL18121m, DNAYLL18122m, DNAYLL18172, DNAYLL18173, XMR18158, XMR18334, XMR18335 • 1♂; Hainan Province, Mt. Jianfeng; alt. 770 m; 29.v.2015; leg. Peixin Cong; genitalia slide No. DNAYLL18171 • 2♀; Hainan Province, Mt. Jianfeng, Fengminggu; alt. 954 m; 8.viii.2017; leg. Xia Bai; genitalia slide Nos DNAYLL18123, XMR18241.

Differential diagnosis.

The new species resembles D. trapezoides (Meyrick, 1935), but the flagellum has three cinereous bands towards apex, the forewing has an obscure blackish stripe at middle of fold and the ostium bursae located at middle on anterior 1/3 of sternum VIII in the female genitalia. In D. trapezoides , the flagellum has two dark fuscous bands towards apex, the forewing has pale yellowish spots suffused with a few dark scales above fold at 1/3 and 3/5 and the ostium bursae opens at left of sternum VIII in the female genitalia.

Description.

Adult (Fig. 4 ): Wingspan 8.0 mm in holotype, 8.0-9.0 mm in paratypes. Vertex snow white to greyish-white, frons and occiput pale to smoky white. Antenna with scape snow white, without pecten; flagellum with alternate white and cinereous annulations, with three narrow cinereous bands towards apex. Labial palpus spatulate; yellowish-white on inner surface, black on outer surface, except yellowish-white at end of third palpomere. Thorax and tegula greyish-white, dusted with black. Forewing ground colour white, irrorate with blackish-brown and greyish scales, edged with bright ochreous yellow scales along termen and markings; patterned with black markings: costa with a wedge-shaped spot at base, a semicircular spot at 2/5, a larger semicircular patch from 3/5 to 4/5, diffused greyish smudges amongst spots; cell with a ribbon-like spot at distal 1/4, tending to coalesce with semicircular costal patch; fold with an obscure stripe at middle, obliquely inwards towards dorsum, surrounding suffusion of ochreous yellow; an interrupted terminal line around apex then along termen to tornus; cilia grey, with individual scales dark-tipped. Hind-wing and cilia grey. Legs yellowish-white, tibia black on outer surface, tarsus black on dorsal surface, except for end of each tarsomere.

Male genitalia (Fig. 10 ). Uncus lobes fused into a terminally concave shield, bearing stout hair on caudal margin. Subscaphium an elongate band. Tegumen somewhat broad, with a hummocky process on left and caudal margins, respectively. Vinculum narrowed, sinuate, with a setose lobe at middle. Saccus not developed. A complicated, irregular, sclerotised modification attached to vinculum anteriorly, possibly part of segments VII and VIII; comprising of a Y-shaped sclerotisation and a receptacle-shaped sclerite that is enlarged and auricular at left. Sternum VIII articulated with vinculum at left, fused with left valva dorso-basally; oblong, folded, bottle-shaped, rounded and bearing long hairs apically, equipped with a spindle-shaped setose ridge beyond middle. Valvae strongly asymmetrical. Left valva battle axe-shaped, with a small finger-like lobe and a setose globular lobe at base; apodeme distinct, two. Right valva small, complicated: basal part broad, C-shaped; with a ribbon-shaped sclerite articulated with juxta; distal part bilobate into one large and one small lobe, both lobes slender, S-shaped, with an oval, setose apex. Juxta elliptical. Aedeagus a curved horn, tapered from base to a hook-like end; cornutus absent.

Female genitalia (Fig. 11 ). Oviscapt reduced; anal papillae a pair of short, mastoid lobes. Posterior apophyses short, equalling the length of sternum VIII. Anterior apophyses slightly longer and stouter than posterior apophyses. Tergum VIII short, rectangular, intricately wrinkled antero-laterally, bearing short setae on posterior margin. Sternum VIII somewhat rounded, intricately wrinkled, bearing dense short setae on posterior margin. Ostium bursae located at middle on anterior 1/3 of sternum VIII. Antrum funnel-shaped. Ductus bursae slender, short. Corpus bursae irregularly elongate, without signum.

Distribution.

China (Hainan).

Etymology.

The specific name is derived from the Latin word Dryadaula securiformis , referring to the battle-axe-shaped left valva.

DNA barcode.

DNA sequencing resulted in a barcode of 604 bp from two paratypes: MZ711363/ DRYAD003-21 and MZ711364/ DRYAD004-21. The minimum distance (Table 1 ) to the nearest neighbour, D. hirtiglobosa sp. nov., is 6.06%.

Figures

Figure 11. Female genitalia of Dryadaula securiformis sp. nov., paratype, slide No. DNAYLL 18123. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.

Figures 1 - 4. Adults of Dryadaula species 1 Dryadaula auriformis sp. nov., male holotype 1 a lateral view of head 2 D. flavostriata sp. nov., male holotype 2 a lateral view of head 3 D. hirtiglobosa sp. nov., male holotype 3 a lateral view of head 4 D. securiformis sp. nov., male holotype 4 a lateral view of head. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

Figures 5, 6. Dryadaula securiformis sp. nov., male paratype, slide No. DNAYLL 18121 5 head 6 Wing venation. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (head); 1.0 mm (wing venation).

Figures 9, 10. Male genitalia of Dryadaula species 9 D. hirtiglobosa sp. nov., holotype, slide No. YLL 13026 10 D. securiformis sp. nov., paratype, slide No. DNAYLL 18173. Scale bars: 0.25 mm. (U = uncus lobes; T = tegumen; V = vinculum; Su = Subscaphium; S VIII = sternum VIII; Vr = right valva; Vl = left valva; J = juxta; A = aedeagus).