Acerbas sarala (de Nicéville, 1889) Zhang & Cong & Shen & Grishin, 2022

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui & Grishin, Nick V., 2022, Taxonomic changes suggested by the genomic analysis of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera), Insecta Mundi 2022 (921), pp. 1-135 : 37-38

Acerbas sarala (de Nicéville, 1889) , new combination

Parnara sarala de Nicéville, 1889 (type locality India: Khasi Hills) currently placed in Lotongus Distant, 1886 (type species Eudamus calathus Hewitson, 1876 ) is not monophyletic with it and is instead closest to the type species of Acerbas de Nicéville, 1895 (type species Hesperia anthea Hewitson, 1868 ) ( Fig. 8 ). Therefore, we propose Acerbas sarala (de Nicéville, 1889) , new combination.

Carystus tetragraphus Mabille, 1891 is a junior subjective synonym of Lotongus calathus (Hewitson, 1876)

Inspection of the phenotype and sequencing of the Carystus tetragraphus Mabille, 1891 (type locality “Amboine”) syntype in the ZMHB (NVG-18075G04) which agrees with the original description, bears appropriate labels and therefore we consider it to be a true syntype, reveals that it is not Borbo impar (Mabille, 1883) , and is not even a Borbo Evans, 1949 (type species Hesperia borbonica Boisduval, 1833 ), but belongs to Lotongus Distant, 1886 (type species Eudamus calathus Hewitson, 1876 ) being placed in the tree within Lotongus type species ( Fig. 8 ). Even in the absence of the syntype, only from the original description, C. tetragraphus does not agree with the phenotype of Borbo impar (Mabille, 1883) . By the dark wing pattern and small spots, it fits well within Lotongus calathus (Hewitson, 1876) , where we place this taxon. Judging from its dark phenotype, C. tetragraphus may be Lotongus calathus parthenope (Plötz, 1886) (type locality Nias), where we tentatively assign it. However, we are unaware of its records from the Ambon Island in Indonesia, and it is possible that the C. tetragraphus syntype was mislabeled.

Figures

Figure 8. Genomic tree of Heteropterinae Aurivillius, 1925, some Old World Hesperiinae and relatives. See Fig. 1 legend for notations.