Hadronyche venenata (Hickman)

Gray, Michael R., 2010, A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae), Records of the Australian Museum 62 (3), pp. 285-392 : 330-336

Hadronyche venenata (Hickman)

Figures 37–40; Tables 11, 34

Atrax venenatus Hickman, 1927: 63 . Hickman, 1967: 20.

Main, 1985: 42.

Hadronyche venenata .–Gray, 1988: 114 (Transferred from

Atrax ).

Types. Holotype male: QVM 957–13 – 16 Type 28. Newtown Creek , Hobart,

Tasmania, V. V. Hickman , 22 December 1925. Allotype female: QVM

1957–13– 17 Type 29. Data as for holotype.

Other material examined. Tasmania (males): AMS KS 6071, Lambert

Park, near Hobart, 3 June 1980, M. Gray; Bicheno, 22 January 1972, B.

Stephenson ( QVM); Cape Lodi, near Bicheno, 5 March 1978, A. McBain

( QVM); Cole’s Bay, 27 April 1972, N.S. Freeman ( QVM); Cole’s Bay, 13

March 1978, Monaghan ( QVM); Cole’s Bay, 24 February 1971, M. O’Toole

Figure 37. Collection records for Hadronyche venenata (QVM) ; Mathina, 16 February 1972 ( QVM): Mathina, 10 February 1971,

J. Turner ( QVM); AMS KS972 , Mount Ben Lomond , 11 April 1926 , A.L.

Meston; J1916 ( TM), Geilston Bay, 16 May 1984, J. McDavitt; J1360 ( TM), Diagnosis. CL 6.88–9.59 (male). Differs from other Rosny, Hobart, 17 April 1978, Mr Ward; E938 ( TM), Blackman’s Bay, 5 Hadronyche spp. by having a weak spined apophyseal May 1974, E. Cunliffe; Hobart, June 1971, K. Hamilton ( QVM); J1917 swelling on tibia II but metatarsus II not modified(Figs. ( TM), Winnebah, May 1984, F. Wagner; J 739 ( TM), Tinderbox, 8 March 38E, 40H–K). Male caput relatively weakly raised (Fig. 1971, D. Milledge; J1113 ( TM), West Hobart, 26 March 1976, R. van de

Uusse; J1025 ( TM),Taroona, Hobart, 9 March 1975, Ms Stottard. Tasmania 38B; CH /CW 0.40 ).

(females): Blackman’s Bay, Apr 1983 ( TM); AMS KS975 , Cascades, 3

January 1967; Coles Bay, February 1970, N. Lawson ( TM) ; Cromwell , 20 Redescription of male holotype. Size. Carapace length 6.88, April 1971, N. Toombs ( TM) ; Golden Ridges , 13 February 1946, W. Bart width 6.19. Abdomen length 5.30, width 4.42. — Colour. ( QVM) ; Hobart , June 1971, K. Hampton ( QVM) ; Liffy , 28 October 1972, Basic colour pattern. — Carapace. Longer than wide, K. Watson ( QVM) ; Mathina , 10 February 1971, J. Turner ( QVM) ; Mount

Victoria, 14 January 1972, N.B. Brown ( QVM); Mount Young, 18 January cephalic area moderately raised, rather narrow frontally. 1971,? Simpson ( QVM); Poatina , 28 September 1963, F. Fishwick ( QVM); Height 2.46. Frontal width 3.69. Fovea straight , narrow. Ringarooma , 7 June 1963, J. Kidd ( QVM); Rosetier , 7 June 1971 ( TM); Mid-dorsal cephalic setae reach fovea. Anterior strial setae AMS KS974 , Sandy Bay , 12 December 1966, J. Cossum; St.Marys, 16 July

1971, K. Cook ( QVM); AMS KS 6214, Taroona, near Hobart, 8 September

1980, R. Parrott; AMS KS973 , Trevallyn, l February 1928 .

present. Anterolateral carapace angle with several weak Chelicerae. Groove margins subparallel, weakly divergent bristles. — Eyes. Central eye region raised. Anterior median distally; length 2.02, middle width 0.26. Cheliceral teeth: eyes small. Eye group width 1.60. Median ocular quadrangle 16 central, occupying full length of groove; 9 prolateral; length 0.58, anterior width 0.70, posterior width 1.09. 7 retrolateral. — Labium. Slightly wider than long, weakly Diameters: AME 0.17, ALE 0.38, PLE 0.26, PME 0.20. — indented apically. Length 1.14, width 1.24. Labiosternal sigilla narrowed toward midline. Cuspules c. 220, number dorsally. — Carapace. Slightly longer than wide, strongly moderate to high. — Sternum. Ovoid, moderately long. raised. Height 3.03. Frontal width 5.13. Cephalic length Length 3.94, width 2.84. Posterior sigilla ovoid, broad. — 5.34. Fovea slightly procurved–straight, anterior margin Palp. Tegular area wider than long. Embolus rather short, slightly indented. Mid-dorsal cephalic setae numerous and base hardly offset from tegulum. Embolus shaft weakly run back to fovea.Anterior strial setae present. Anterolateral curved to straight, only slightly tapered distally. Distal part carapace angle with several hairs and weak bristles. — of embolus weakly twisted and short. Bulb length 2.07, Eyes. Central eye region slightly raised. Eye group width width 0.94. Embolus length 1.37, midwidth 0.16. Length 1.91. Diameters: AME 0.18, ALE 0.45, PLE 0.37, PME of femur 3.00, patella 1.34, tibia 3.03. Width of tibia 1.41. 0.24. Interdistances: AME–AME 0.30, AME–ALE 0.18, Spination: femur 4, patella 1, tibia 7 (3 dorsal). Some distal ALE–PLE 0.27, PLE– PME 0.14, PME – PME 0.79. Median femoral spines and bristles sinuous. — Legs. 4123. Legs I, ocular quadrangle length 0.60, anterior width 0.70, posterior IV subequal. width 1.25. — Chelicerae. Groove margins diverge weakly distally; length 2.20, middle width 0.40. Cheliceral teeth:

Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total 18 central, in single row occupying full length of groove;

1 5.99 2.87 4.94 4.55 2.96 21.31 11 prolateral; 11 retrolateral. — Labium. Slightly wider

2 5.90 2.83 4.72 4.26 2.80 20.51 than long, rounded, apically indented. Length 1.47, width

3 5.03 2.43 3.85 3.53 2.79 17.62 1.65. Cuspules occupying anterior two-thirds. Labiosternal

4 5.99 2.68 4.84 4.90 2.94 21.35 sigilla constricted at midline. — Sternum. Ovoid, moderately long. Length 4.80, width 3.54. Posterior sigilla ovoid:

Tibia I width 1.17. Femora I and II with dorsal spines. Tibia length 0.78, width 0.42. — Palp. Spination: tibia 2, tarsus

I ventral spines numerous. Metatarsus I slightly thickened 7. Trichobothria: tibia p5 r4, tarsus 9. Tarsal claw with 3

proximally, larger ventral spines grouped proximally. Tibia teeth. — Legs. 1423.

II with weak apophyseal swelling in proximal half, ventral spines grouped upon it; distal ventral tibia II weakly concave, Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total without spines (except apically). Metatarsus II without 1 5.58 3.12 4.31 3.44 2.13 18.58 apophysis, straight to weakly sinuous (midventral region 2 5.08 2.92 3.49 3.02 2.05 16.56 sometimes slightly thickened) with strong midventral to 3 4.26 2.46 2.71 2.67 2.05 14.15 distal spines. Coxal setae unmodified. Scopulae legs I– IV: 4 5.25 2.87 3.90 3.36 2.42 17.80 tarsus, weak to moderate; metatarsus, absent to weak. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 13, 13; inferior 2, 1. Tibia I width 1.40. Metatarsus I proximal width 0.97. Coxal Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 10, 10, metatarsus 10, 11; setae unmodified. Tibia I, II with few or no spines. Tarsal tibia p6 r6, p6 r6. — Leg spination. Leg I: femur 4(d3 p1), claw teeth legs I, II: superior 10, 9; inferior 3, 3. Trichobothria patella 6(p2 v4), tibia 46, metatarsus 28, tarsus 12. Leg II: legs I, 2: tarsus 10, 9; metatarsus 11, 10; tibia p7 r7, p6 r5. femur d3, patella p1, tibia 26, metatarsus 16, tarsus 9. Leg — Leg spination. Leg I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus III: femur d3, patella p3, tibia 11 (p2 r2 d2), metatarsus 15, 11, tarsus 8. Leg II: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus tarsus 10. Leg IV: femur d4, patella 0, tibia 9 (r3), metatarsus 10, tarsus 8. Leg III: femur 0, patella pd2, tibia 6 (p3 1r), 16, tarsus 12 — Abdomen. Posterior lateral spinnerets: apical metatarsus 13 (p4 r1), tarsus 12. Leg IV: femur 0, patella 0, segment moderately long. Lengths: total 2.36; basal segment tibia 2 (r1) metatarsus 9, tarsus 13. — Abdomen. Posterior 0.96, middle 0.56; apical 0.84. Apical segment width 0.32. lateral spinnerets with short apical segment. Lengths: total 3.02; basal segment 1.30, middle 0.72, apical 1.00. Apical

Redescription of female allotype. Size. Carapace length segment width 0.52. — Genitalia. Spermathecae digitiform, 7.38, width 6.81. Abdomen length 10.61, width 8.70. about three times longer than wide. Length 0.82, width — Colour. Basic colour pattern. 3–4 pairs abdominal 0.29. Apical third set off from basal two thirds by a slight chevrons, middle pairs distinct and almost meeting mid- constriction.

Distribution. Eastern Tasmania (Fig. 37). January 1983, E.T. Bannigan; AMS KS2668, Tumut, 35°18'S 148°13'E, 30 January 1979, K. Pearce.

Comments. Hickman (1927, 1967) described tibia II of this

Other material examined. New South Wales (males): AMS KS900,

species as lacking “spurs or apophyses”, but with the “basal “Bonniemuir”, Adelong area, 29 April 1955, J.D. McMahon; AMS half … slightly expanded and … heavily spined”. This low KS893, Barry, 27 November 1975, Drs. Jones & Redhead; AMS KS891, spinose swelling on tibia II is interpreted here as a weak “Yewrangara”, 8 km W.of Bigga, 11 July 1972, I. Chudleigh;AMS KS5202, apophyseal swelling. 64 km W. of Crookwell & 20 km from Wyangla Dam, 6 May 1980, L.E.

Willis; AMS KS13354, 3 km E. of Binda, 28 March 1983, M. Gray & C.

Horseman; AMS KS888, Bloomfield, N.S.W; AMS KS2720, Cowra, 18

Hadronyche marracoonda n.sp. April 1979, M. Henderson; AMS KS898, Crookwell, 22 February 1958,

Clifton’s Pharmacy; AMS KS3077 , 10 km N. of Goulburn, May 1979 , N.

Figures 41–44; Tables 12, 34 Vickers;AMS KS884, Holbrook area, 15. iv.1971, R. Flynn;AMS KS9314,

Humula, 19 May 1982;AMS KS894, Kanangra Walls, near Oberon, 5 June

1956, F.B. Ilann; AMS KS886 , Limekilns, 20 October 1967, O. Stark; AMS

Etymology. The specific epithet is an Aboriginal word KS8364, Livingstone State Forest, near Wagga Wagga, 16 September 1981, meaning toward the west, a reference to the western slopes Dr Cook; AMS KS897, Nashdale, 10 February 1969, Dixon;AMS KS880, distribution of this species in New South Wales. Oberon, 22 September 1972; AMS KS902, Orange, 20 February 1976,

Bloomfield Hospital; AMS KS903 , Orange, 1. ix.1969, F. Freeman; AMS

Types. Holotype male: AMS KS892, Wagga Wagga Teachers College, KS905, Rosewood, 10 May 1972, O. Portors; AMS KS906, Rosewood, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 35°06'S 147°22'E, 20 April 1971. February 1976, G. Portors; AMS KS904, Spring Hill, 20 km E. of Orange, Paratypes (all AM). New South Wales. Males: AMS KS890, “The Decca”, 28 March 1974; AMS KS883, Taralga area, 1977, Goulburn Ambulance; Bigga area, 34°04'S 149°09'E, 12 May 1972, M. Chudleigh;AMS KS13353, AMS KS885, Towac, 21 March 1965, J. Maybin; AMS KS6645, Trunkey 3km E. of Binda, 34°04'S 149°09'E, 28 March 1983, M. Gray & C. Creek, 27 January 1981, J. Dellow; AMS KS889, Tumbarumba, August Horseman; AMS KS5223, Crookwell, 34°27'S 149°28'E, 19 May 1980, 1957, R.A. Castle; AMS KS901, Tumorrama, 19 May 1972, M. Blundell; L.E. Willis;AMS KS879, Oberon, 33°41'S 149°52'E, May 1974, J. Bearup; AMS KS2965, Tumut, 5 May 1979, P.D. Slater; AMS KS8922, Tumut, AMS KS2719, Tumbarumba, 35°45'S 148°00'E, 10 April 1979, J. Frost; 6 April 1982, Pearce; AMS KS13424, Wagga Wagga, R. Faulder; AMS AMS KS43617, Carcoar Dam, 55km SW of Bathurst, 33°37'S 149°14'E, 17 KS887, Yetholme, 19 October 1967, O. Stark; Binalong, 20 February May 1995, J. Chaffey;AMS KS6876, Caloola via Newbridge, 12 February 1975 (ANIC). Australian Capital Territory (male): Campbell, 1974, 1981, Callan. Females: AMS KS10831, Bigga, 34°04'S 149°09'E, 60 km D.J. Belford (ANIC). N.W. of Crookwell, 23 March 1983; AMS KS5740,Adelong area, 35°17'S 148°03'E, July 1980, M. Pearce;AMS KS8796, Gocup, 35°13'S 148°12'E, Diagnosis. CL 8.92–10.71. Larger spiders, leg II without 9 March 1982, B. Laird; AMS KS1371, Oberon, 33°41'S 149°52'E, 16 May 1978, D.H. Clowes, AMS KS10681, Orange, 33°16'S 149°06'E, 17 apophyses/swellings, tibia II and metatarsus II ventrally concave,bowed ( Fig. 43I,K ). Differs from infensa and rarely weakly sinuous. Coxal hairs unmodified. Tarsal and lamingtonensis group species by having dorsal spines on distal metatarsal scopulae weakly developed, strongest on femur I, II; from adelaidensis group species by having a long tarsi 3, 4. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 15, inferior 4, labium; from H. monaro by lacking metatarsus II apophyseal trichobothria legs 1, 2: tarsus 12, 11; metatarsus 16, 14; tibia swelling, and having numerous tarsus II spines ( Table 12); p6 r7, p6 r7. — Leg spination. Leg I: femur 9 (d3p6), patella from H. nimoola by caput not as strongly raised; from H. 5 (p3), tibia 29 (p2), metatarsus 33, tarsus 19. Leg II: femur tambo by more spinose femur 1 and palpal tibia ( Table 12). 10 (d4p6), patella 4 (p4), tibia 9 (p1), metatarsus 19, tarsus 29. Leg III: femur rd5 (long, bristle-like), patella 9 (p8), tibia

Male (holotype) — Size. Carapace length 9.68, width 8.86. 18 (r2 d2), metatarsus 21, tarsus 14. Leg IV: femur r8 (long, Abdomen length 9.51, width 7.13. — Colour. Basic colour bristle-like), patella p1, tibia 9(r2), metatarsus 21, tarsus pattern. — Carapace. Longer than wide, moderately raised. 19. — Abdomen. Numerous long bristles dorsally, strongest Height 3.69. Frontal width 5.99. Fovea gently procurved. anteriorly. Posterior lateral spinnerets with moderately long Mid-dorsal cephalic setae do not reach fovea. Anterior apical segment. Lengths: total 3.90; basal segment 1.48, strial setae absent. — Eyes. On low tubercle. Eye group middle 0.92, apical 1.50; apical width 0.52. width 2.08. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.90, anterior width 1.05, posterior width 1.37. Diameters: AME 0.37, Female (paratype AMS KS10831) — Size. Carapace length ALE 0.52, PLE 0.43, PME 0.34. — Chelicerae. Cheliceral 11.64, width 9.35. Abdomen length 10.88, width 8.84. — groove of moderate width, margins diverging. Groove Colour. Basic colour pattern. — Carapace. Clearly longer length 2.64, middle width 0.55. Cheliceral teeth: 20 central, than wide, strongly raised. Height 4.84; frontal width 8.30. running full length of groove; 15 prolateral; 10 retrolateral. Cephalic length 8.16. Fovea procurved. Mid-dorsal cephalic — Labium. Slightly wider than long. Length 1.54, width setae do not reach fovea. Anterior strial setae absent. 1.82. Labiosternal sigilla narrowed centrally. Cuspules Anterolateral carapace angle with numerous strong bristles. c. 248 cuspules, number moderate to high. — Sternum. — Eyes. Ocular area strongly raised, anteriorly protuberant. Ovoid, broad. Length 5.74, width 4.84. Posterior sigilla Eye group width 2.62. Diameters:AME 0.33, ALE 0.52, PLE large, elongate. — Palp. Tegular area slightly wider than 0.36, PME 0.22. Interdistances: AME–AME 0.44, AME– long. Embolus rather short, wide and gently curved; distal ALE 0.34, ALE–PLE 0.26, PLE–PME 0.20, PME–PME embolus twisted. Embolus hardly offset from tegulum. Bulb 1.30. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.80, anterior width length 3.01, width 1.24. Embolus length 1.91, mid width 1.10, posterior width 1.81. — Chelicerae. Cheliceral groove 0.22. Length of femur 4.17; patella 1.60; tibia 4.23. Width margins diverge distally, groove wide. Groove length 3.37, of tibia 2.02. Spination: tibia 4. Sinuous bristles on distal middle width 0.87. Cheliceral teeth: 68 central, in several femur. — Legs. 4213. rows, occupying full length of groove; 15 prolateral; 11 retrolateral. — Labium. Slightly wider than long, rounded,

Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total anterior margin weakly indented. Length 2.36, width 2.68.

1 7.87 3.28 5.21 6.27 3.77 26.40 Labiosternal sigilla entire. — Sternum. Ovoid. Length 7.05,

2 7.83 3.77 6.71 6.78 4.17 29.26 width 5.54. Posterior sigilla long, ovoid: length 0.88, width

3 6.97 3.16 5.33 6.11 4.14 25.71 0.54. — Palp. Spination: tibia 4, tarsus 9. Trichobothria: tibia

4 8.12 3.44 6.77 7.30 4.59 30.22 p9 r9, tarsus 13. Tarsal claw with 5 teeth. — Legs. 1423. Legs

I, IV subequal.

Tibia I width 1.72. Metatarsi longer than tibiae. Femora I and II with dorsal spines. Bristle-like spines on femora III and IV. Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total Metatarsus I slightly thickened proximally. Tibia II without 1 8.12 4.51 5.99 5.05 3.06 26.73 apophysis, slightly bowed and ventrally concave, spines 2 7.30 4.20 5.33 4.89 3.12 24.84 few, grouped proximally. Metatarsus II straight to slightly 3 6.17 3.28 3.77 4.39 3.08 20.69 bowed and ventrally concave and lacking an apophysis, 4 7.83 4.06 5.58 5.37 3.42 26.26

procurved. Mid-dorsal cephalic setae almost reach fovea.

Anterior strial setae few to absent. Anterolateral carapace angle with many strong bristles. — Eyes. Central eye region raised. Eye group width 2.20. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.84, anterior width 1.12, posterior width 1.43.

Diameters: AME 0.38, ALE 0.50, PLE 0.37, PME 0.28. —

Chelicerae. Cheliceral groove moderately short and wide,

margins diverging distally. Groove length 2.64, width 0.76.

Cheliceral teeth: 18 central, occupying full length of groove;

8 prolateral; 9 retrolateral. — Labium. About as long as wide, apical indentation weak to absent. Length 1.84, width

1.88. Labiosternal suture narrowed toward midline. Weak transverse groove behind cuspules. Cuspules c. 171, number moderate to low. — Sternum. Ovoid. Length 5.81, width 4.27.

Posterior sigilla elongate, broad. Anterolateral angles of sternum with weakly grouped bristles. — Palp. Tegular area wider than long. Embolus of moderate length, gently curved,

Figure 44. Collection records for Hadronyche marracoonda

weakly to moderately offset from tegulum; shaft strongly

(squares) and H. tambo (circles).

tapered distally. Distal embolus weakly twisted, slender.

flange narrow. Bulb length 3.40, width 1.28. Embolus length

Tibia I width 2.01. Metatarsus I proximal width 1.38. Coxae

2.33, midwidth 0.19. Length of femur 4.29, patella 1.58,

I, II with numerous basally thickened thorn-like setae

tibia 4.45. Width of tibia 1.91. Spination: no spines; a few

anteriorly. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 9, 9; inferior

prolateral tibial bristles, several sinuous bristles on distal

5, 5. Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 15, 16; metatarsus 17,

femur. — Legs. 1423. Legs strongly hirsute.

15; tibia p9 r10, p10 r9. — Leg spination. Leg I: femur 0,

patella 0, tibia 3, metatarsus 1, tarsus 7. Leg II: femur 0,

patella p1, tibia 3 (p2), metatarsus 13, tarsus 8. Leg III: femur

0, patella pd6, tibia 7 (p3 r2), metatarsus 19 (p6 r2), tarsus

10. Leg IV: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 1, metatarsus 13, tarsus

15. — Abdomen. Posterior lateral spinnerets with short apical segment. Lengths: total 5.24; basal segment 2.21, middle

1.31, apical 1.72. Apical segment width 0.88. — Genitalia.

Basal two thirds of spermathecae wide, apical third narrower.

Length 1.09, width 0.72.

Distribution. Southwestern region of the Great Dividing

Range in New South Wales (Fig. 44).

Figures

Figure 43. Hadronyche marracoonda, male (A,D–K, AMS KS43617; B,C, AMS KS6876): (A) palp, prolateral; (B) bulb; (C) embolus, distal; (D,E) distal patella and tibia I—D, ventral, E, prolateral; (F,G) metatarsus I—F, ventral, G, prolateral; (H,I) distal patella and tibia II—H, ventral, I, prolateral; (J,K) metatarsus II—J, ventral, K, prolateral. Scale lines: 1.0 mm, except E–G,J,K 0.3 mm.