Carapoia kaxinawa, Huber, 2018

Huber, Bernhard A., 2018, The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits, Zootaxa 4395 (1), pp. 1-178 : 136

Carapoia kaxinawa sp. n.

Figs 582–584 , 608–615 , 633–634

Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from known congeners by shape of procursus (straight, with distinctive dorsal rounded process and wide tip, with retrolateral membranous side branch; Figs 609–611 ), by armature of male chelicerae (pair of frontal apophyses; Figs 612–613 ), and by female external and internal genitalia (semicircular epigynum with distinctive bipartite internal arc visible through cuticle; large pore-plates consisting of many platelets and distinctive sclerites bordering pore-plates and connected to posterior diverging sclerites; Figs 614– 615 , 633–634 ).

Etymology. The specific name honors the Kaxinawá, an indigenous people of Brazil and Peru; noun in apposition.

Type material. BRAZIL: Amazonas: ♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype, UFMG (21546–47), and 1♂ 4♀ paratypes, ZFMK (Ar 19244–45), Guajará, forest at Fazenda Colorado, ‘site 2’ (7.528°S, 72.655°W), 210–240 m a.s.l., 31.x.2016 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho, E.O. Machado).

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Amazonas: 1♀ 1 juv. in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br16-319), same data as types.

Description. Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.8, carapace width 0.85. Distance PME-PME 80 µm, diameter PME 80 µm, distance PME-ALE 70 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 30 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.55/ 0.35. Leg 1: 33.0 (8.0 + 0.3 + 7.9 + 14.8 + 2.0), tibia 2: 4.6, tibia 3: 3.3, tibia 4: 4.3; tibia 1 L/d: 118. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.08, 0.09, 0.09, 0.09.

COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow with brown median mark with transversal element and marginal brown marks; ocular area, clypeus, and sternum pale ochre-yellow; legs light brown, without dark rings, tips of femora and tibiae lighter; abdomen greenish gray, with internal dark marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally with elongate brown mark in front of genital plate, long bluish median mark behind genital plate.

BODY. Habitus as in Figs 582–583 ; ocular area slightly raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified.

CHELICERAE. As in Figs 612–613 , with pair of frontal apophyses.

PALPS. As in Figs 608–609 ; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolatero-ventral process proximally, without dorsal hump; procursus straight, with distinctive dorsal rounded process, sclerotized tip with transparent side branch ( Figs 610–611 ); genital bulb without apophysis, dorsal protrusion of bulbal process weakly developed, partly covering procursus dorsally, very small ventral transparent process (arrow in Fig. 608 ).

LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>25 pseudosegments, very indistinct.

Male (variation). Tibia 1 in other male: 9.8.

Female. In general similar to male ( Fig. 584 ) but clypeus with brown mark (pair of bands below eye triads connected near rim). Tibia 1 in four females: 6.7, 7.1, 7.1, 7.7. Epigynum as in Figs 614 , 633 ; anterior plate semicircular, weakly protruding, with distinctive bipartite internal arc visible through cuticle; with pair of diverging sclerites in membrane behind anterior plate; narrow indistinct posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in Figs 615 , 634 , with large pore-plates consisting of many platelets.

Natural history. The spiders were collected from strongly domed webs that were mostly quite exposed among low vegetation, usually approximately 10–20 cm above ground level.

Distribution. Known from type locality in Amazonas state ( Brazil) only ( Fig. 742 ).

Figures

FIGURE 742. Known distribution of the Carapoia cambridgei group.

FIGURES 581–589. Live specimens, Carapoia cambridgei group (part 1). 581. C. tenuis sp. n., female from Tapajós. 582– 584. C. kaxinawa sp. n., males and female from Fazenda Colorado. 585–587. C. cambridgei (Mello-Leitão, 1947), males and female from Marabá.588–589. C. rubra sp. n., male and female from Tapajós.

FIGURES 608–615. Carapoia kaxinawa sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19244–45). 608–609. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrow points at transparent ventral process). 610–611. Left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 612–613. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 614. Epigynum, ventral view. 615. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (608–609, 612–615), 0.2 (610–611).

FIGURES625–636. Femaleepigyna inventral views andcleared femalegenitalia indorsal views, Carapoiaparaguaensis and C.cambridgei groups.625–627.C.mundurukusp.n., without andwith plug (arrow)(ZFMK Ar19226).628–630.C.tenuis sp. n., without and with plug (arrow) (ZFMK Ar 19239).631–632.C. tapajossp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19237).633–634.C.kaxinawa sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19245). 635–636.C. rubra sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19253).