Carapoia exigua, Huber, 2018

Huber, Bernhard A., 2018, The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits, Zootaxa 4395 (1), pp. 1-178 : 151-153

Carapoia exigua sp. n.

Figs 665–666 , 677–682 , 711–712

Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from similar known congeners ( C. djavani , C. agilis ) by shape of procursus in dorsal view (small prolateral branch at tip; Fig. 679 ), by arrangement of frontal cheliceral apophyses ( Fig. 680 ), by shape of epigynum (anterior plate trapezoidal, posterior margin projecting medially; Fig. 681 ), and by female internal genitalia (distinctively shaped pore-plates, diverging sclerites between anterior and posterior plates; Fig. 682 ).

Etymology. The specific name refers to the small size of this species (Latin exiguus, exigua = small); adjective.

Type material. BRAZIL: Bahia: ♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype, UFMG (21556–57) and 1♂ paratype, ZFMK (Ar 19291), Fazenda Morro de Pedra (12°31.6’–31.8’S, 40°36.1’–36.4’W), 490 m a.s.l., 14.v.2015 (B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho).

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Bahia: 2♀ 3 juvs in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br15-184), same data as types.

Description. Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 1.7, carapace width 0.7. Distance PME-PME 50 µm, diameter PME 65 µm, distance PME-ALE 55 µm, distance AME-AME 10 µm, diameter AME 20 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.50/ 0.35. Leg 1: 9.2 (2.2 + 0.2 + 2.5 + 3.5 + 0.8), tibia 2: 1.3, tibia 3: 0.9, tibia 4: 1.2; tibia 1 L/d: 39. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.15, 0.17, 0.18, 0.17.

COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs pale ochre-yellow, with very indistinct darker rings on legs; abdomen pale gray, not yellowish in heart area, slightly darker in front of gonopore, without darker area in front of spinnerets.

BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 665 ; ocular area barely raised; carapace with very deep median furrow, carapace humps high; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified.

CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 680 , with two pairs of small frontal apophyses, apparently provided with one modified hair each.

PALPS. As in Figs 677–678 ; coxa with small retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with large retrolatero-ventral process proximally, small dorsal hump, distally widening; procursus proximally arising from widened part of tarsus, very simple, distally with distinctive sclerotized and membranous elements (subdistal prolateral branch; Fig. 679 ); genital bulb with large mostly membranous process with prolateral pointed sclerite at tip and slender transparent process.

LEGS. Densely covered with short hairs, without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 9%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~15 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct.

Male (variation). Tibia 1 in other male: 2.3.

Female. In general similar to male ( Fig. 666 ). Tibia 1 in three females: 1.8, 2.0, 2.0. Epigynum as in Figs 681 , 711 ; anterior plate simple trapezoidal, weakly protruding; with pair of diverging sclerites in membrane behind anterior plate; without posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in Figs 682 , 712 , with distinctively shaped pore-plates.

Natural history. Spiders were found running rapidly on the ground. Sometimes they seemed to make small jumps and then they stopped immediately, making them essentially invisible.

Distribution. Known from type locality in Bahia state ( Brazil) only ( Fig. 743 ).

Figures

FIGURE 743. Known distributions of the Carapoia agilis ‘group’ and of unplaced species (C. maculata, C.bispina).

FIGURES665–676. Live specimens,Carapoia agilis group andunplaced species.665–666.C. exiguasp.n., male and female from Morro de Pedra. 667–669. C. djavani sp. n., males from Pedra Talhada and Usina Serra Grande, female from Murici. 670–672. C. agilis sp. n., males from Saltinho and near Bonito, female from near Bonito. 673–674. C. maculata sp. n., male and female from Morro de Pedra.675–676.C. bispina sp. n., male and female from near Bonito.

FIGURES677–682. Carapoia exigua sp. n. (♂: ZFMK Ar 19291; ♀: UFMG 21557).677–678.Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 679. Left procursus, dorsal view. 680. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 681. Epigynum, ventral view. 682. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view.Scale lines:0.3 (677–678), 0.2 (679–682).

FIGURES 711–720. Female epigyna in ventral views and cleared female genitalia in dorsal views, Carapoia agilis group and unplaced species. 711–712. Carapoia exigua sp. n., from Morro de Pedra (UFMG 21557). 713–714. C. djavani sp. n., from Pedra Talhada (ZFMK Ar 19292). 715–716. C. agilis sp. n., from near Bonito (ZFMK Ar 19295). 717, 720. C. bispina sp. n., from near Bonito (ZFMK Ar 19300). 718–719.C. maculata sp. n., from Morro de Pedra (ZFMK Ar 19299).